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7,5 cm KwK 42

7,5 cm KwK 42 L/70 dipasang pada sebuah tank medium Panzerkampfwagen V Panther Ausf. A.

Meriam 7,5 cm KwK 42 L/70 (dari bahasa Jermanː 7,5 cm Kampfwagenkanone 42 L/70) adalah meriam tank kaliber 7,5 cm yang dikembangkan dan dibangun oleh Rheinmetall-Borsig AG di Unterlüß selama Perang Dunia Kedua. Meriam ini digunakan untuk melengkapi SdKfz.171 Panzerkampfwagen V Panther dan penghancur tank SdKfz.162/1 Jagdpanzer IV/70(A)/(V). Ketika dipasang pada penghancur tank, meriam ini disebut sebagai 7,5 cm Pak 42 (bahasa Jermanː 7,5 cm Panzerabwehrkanone 42).

Desain

Peningkatan kecepatan luncur dan tekanan operasi dari senjata baru memerlukan rancangan proyektil penembus baja yang baru pula. hasilnya adalah PzGr. 39/42, dan selain dari pelebaran driving band, peluru ini identik dengan 7,5 cm PzGr. 39 yang lebih lawas. Pelebaran driving band menambahkan sedikit bobot, dari 6,8 kg untuk PzGr.39 menjadi 7,2 kg untuk PzGr.39/42.

Meriam ini ditembakkan dengan listrik, primer menggunakan arus listrik alih-alih pin penembak biasa. Sungsang meriam dioperasikan secara semiotomatis sehingga setelah meriam telah ditembakkan, selongsong kosong secara otomatis dikeluarkan, dan sungsang falling wedge tetap di bawah sehingga peluru berikutnya bisa dimuat. Begitu peluru dimuat, sungsang meriam secara otomatis akan menutup dan meriam siap untuk ditembakkan lagi. Ada tiga jenis peluru berbeda yang digunakan: APCBC-HE, APCR dan HE.

Data untuk KwK 42 dan Pak 42

  • Jenis: meriam tank (KwK 42), meriam antitank (Pak 42)
  • Kaliber: 7,5 cm (2.95)
  • Selongsong: 75×640 mm R
  • Panjang kaliber: 70
  • Panjang laras: 5,25 m (17 ft 2.69)
  • Breech: semi-otomatis, falling wedge
  • Berat dengan rem laras dan sungsang: 1.000 kg (2.200 pon)
  • Mundur panjang: 400 mm (normal), 430 mm (maksimum)
  • Jangkauan maksimum: 10 km (tidak langsung)
  • Pembidik: TZF 12 atau 12a (Panther), Sfl.ZF 1a (Jagdpanzer IV/70 (A) dan (V))

Amunisi

Panzergranate 39/42 (Pzgr. 39/42)
  • Tipe: Penembus Perisai Bertudung, Bertudung Balistik—Berdaya Ledak Tinggi
  • Berat proyektil: 7,2 kg (16 pon)
  • Peledak pengisi: 18 g RDX terflegmatisasi
  • Berat peluru: 14,3 kg (32 pon)
  • Panjang peluru: 893,2 mm
  • Panjang selongsong: 640 mm (2 ft 1 in)
  • Kecepatan lepas: 935 m/s (3.070 ft/s)
Angka penetrasi yang diberikan untuk sebuah lapis baja pelat 30 derajat dari vertikal
Jarak Penetrasi (mm)
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
138 124 112 99 89
  • Tipe: Armour Piercing Komposit Kaku
  • Berat proyektil: 4,75 kg (10,5 pon)
  • Berat peluru: 11,55 kg (25,5 pon)
  • Panjang peluru: 875,2 mm (2 ft 10,46 in)
  • Panjang selongsong: 640 mm (2 ft 1 in)
  • Kecepatan luncur: 1.130 m/s (3.700 ft/s)
Angka penetrasi yang diberikan untuk sebuah lapis baja pelat 30 derajat dari vertikal
Jarak Penetrasi (mm)
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
194 174 149 127 106
  • Tipe: Berdaya Ledak Tinggi
  • Berat proyektil: 5,74 kg (12,7 pon)
  • Berat peledak: 0,650 kg (1,66 lb) (2720 Kilojoule)
  • Berat peluru: 11,14 kg (24,6 pon)
  • Panjang peluru: 929,2 mm (3 ft 0,58 in)
  • Panjang selongsong: 640 mm (2 ft 1 in)
  • Kecepatan luncur: 700 m/s (2.300 ft/s)

Perbandingan penetrasi

Angka penetrasi (90 derajat) menggunakan kriteria keberhasilan sebesar 50% dari standar Amerika dan Inggris, dan memungkinkan perbandingan langsung kinerja meriam lainnnya.[1]
Jenis amunisi Kecepatan luncur
(m/s) 		Penetrasi (mm)
100 m 250 m 500 m 750 m 1000 m 1250 m 1500 m 2000 m 2500 m 3000 m
Pzgr. 39/42 (APCBC) 935 m/s (3.070 ft/s) 185 179 168 158 149 140 132 116 103 91
Pzgr. 40/42 (APCR) 1.130 m/s (3.700 ft/s) 265 253 234 216 199 184 170 145 124 105

Lihat juga

Senjata yang sebanding dalam peran, kinerja dan era

Catatan

  1. ^ Bird, Lorrin Rexford; Livingston, Robert D. (2001). WWII Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery. Overmatch Press. hlm. 61. 

Referensi

  • Gander, Terry dan Chamberlain, Peter. Senjata dari Reich Ketiga: Ensiklopedis Survei dari Semua Senjata, Artileri dan Senjata Khusus dari jerman Angkatan Darat 1939-1945. New York: Doubleday, 1979 ISBN 0-385-15090-3
  • Hogg, Ian V. Artileri Jerman Perang Dunia Dua. Mechanicsville, PA: Stackpole Books, 1997 ISBN 1-85367-480-X
  • Penetrasi data yang diambil dari Prancis DoD publikasi "Le Panther" Ministere de la Guerre, Bagian Teknik de l'armee, Groupement Auto-Karakter, tahun 1947.
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