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Budaya Gayo

Kebudayaan Gayo timbul sejak orang Gayo bermukim di wilayah ini dan mulai berkembang sejak kerajaan Linge Pertama abad ke XM. atau abad ke IV H, meliputi aspek kekerabatan, komunikasi sosial, pemerintahan, pertanian kesenian dan lain – lain. Adat istiadat sebagai salah satu unsur Kebudayaan Gayo Menganut Prinsip Keramat Mupakat, Behu Berdedale ( Kemulian karena Mufakat, Berani Karena Bersama ), Tirus lagu gelas belut lagu umut rempak lagu resi susun lagu belo ( Bersatu Teguh ) Nyawa sara pelok ratep sara anguk (kontak Batin ) atau tekad yang melahirkan kesatuan sikap dan perbuatan, banyak lagi kata – kata pelambang yang mengandung kebersamaan dan kekeluargaan serta keterpaduan. Pemerintah dan ulama saling harga menghargai serta menunjak pelaksanaan agama.

Sistem Nilai Budaya Gayo

Pada masa lalu masyarakat Gayo telah merumuskan prinsip – prinsip adat yang disebut kemalun ni edet. Prinsip adat ini menyangkut “harga diri” (malu) yang harus dijaga, diamalkan, dan dipertahankan oleh kelompok kerabat tertentu, kelompok satu rumah (sara umah), klen (belah), dan kelompok yang lebih besar lagi.

Prinsip adat meliputi empat hal berikut ini:


1.Denie – terpancang adalah harga diri yang menyangkut hak – hak atas wilayah. 2.Nahma teraku adalah harga diri yang menyangkut kedudukan yang sah. 3.Bela mutan ialah harga diri yang terusik karena ada anggota kelompoknya yang disakiti atau dibunuh. 4.Malu tertawan ialah harga diri yang terusik karena kaum wanita dari anggota kelompoknya diganggu atau difitnah pihak lain.


Skema Sistem Nilai Budaya Gayo

Keterangan:

M > mukemel ( harga diri ) Tp > tertip (tertib) St > setie (setia) Sg > semayang Gemasih (kasih sayang ) Mt > mutentu (kerja keras) An > amanah (amanah) Gm > genap mupakat (musyawarah) At > alang tulung (tolong menolong) Bs > bersikemelen ( kompetitif)


Skema tersebut dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut. Sistem nilai budaya Gayo terbagi menjadi nilai “utama” yang disebut “harga diri” (mukemel=M). untuk mencapai harga diri itu, seorang harus mengamalkan atau mengacu pada sejumlah nilai lain, yang disebut nilai “penunjang”. Nilai – nilai penunjang itu adalah: “tertib” (Tp), setia (St), kasih sayang” (Sg), “kerja keras”(Mt), “amanah” (An), “musyawarah”(Gm), “tolong- menolong”(At). Untuk mewujudkan nilai – nilai ini dalam mencapai “harga diri” mereka harus berkompetisi. Kompetisi itu sendiri merupakan sebuah nilai, yaitu “nilai kompetitif” (Bs) yang merupakan nilai penggerak.

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