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De re aedificatoria

De re aedificatoria (Tentang Seni Bangunan) adalah risalah arsitektur klasik yang ditulis oleh Leon Battista Alberti antara 1443 dan 1452.^[1] Meskipun sebagian besar bergantung pada buku De architectura karya Vitruvius, buku ini merupakan buku teoretis pertama tentang subjek yang ditulis dalam masa Renaisans Italia dan pada 1485 menjadi buku cetak pertama tentang arsitektur, diikuti pada 1486 dengan edisi cetak pertama Vitruvius.

Buku

Dalam Sepuluh Buku, Alberti secara sadar menggemakan tulisan Vitruvius, tetapi Alberti juga mengambil sikap kritis terhadap pendahulunya itu. Dalam diskusinya, Alberti memasukkan beragam sumber sastra, termasuk Plato dan Aristoteles, menyajikan versi ringkas sosiologi dari arsitektur. De re aedificatoria terbagi dalam sepuluh buku:

Buku Satu: Kelurusan
Buku Dua: Bahan
Buku Tiga: Konstruksi
Buku Empat: Pekerjaan Umum
Buku Lima: Karya Individu
Buku Enam: Ornamen
Buku Tujuh: Ornamen untuk Bangunan Suci
Buku Delapan: Ornamen untuk Bangunan Sekuler Publik
Buku Sembilan: Ornamen untuk Bangunan Pribadi
Buku Sepuluh: Pemulihan Bangunan

Dalam survei tentang rancangan lantai yang diinginkan untuk bangunan suci - "kuil" dalam bahasanya - Alberti memulai dengan bentuk lingkaran yang ideal, yang diungkapkan dalam berbagai contoh Alam. Sembilan bentuk geometris yang dirancang secara terpusat direkomendasikan untuk gereja; selain lingkaran dia juga mencantumkan bentuk persegi, segi enam, segi delapan, segi empat dan dodekagon, semua berasal dari lingkaran dan berasal dari persegi, persegi panjang yang menunjukkan persegi dan setengahnya, persegi dan sepertiganya serta persegi ganda, semuanya memiliki persamaan seperti enharmonic dalam musik. Kapel menambah bentuk geometris kecil pada lingkaran dasar dan poligon untuk memberikan variasi rancangan lantai yang besar, sehingga setiap bentuk geometris mempertahankan kesatuannya yang jelas dengan rasio sederhana yang mengikat semua elemen rancangan dan ketinggian menjadi satu kesatuan yang harmonis.

De re aedificatoria tetap menjadi risalah klasik tentang arsitektur dari abad ke-16 hingga abad ke-18.

Catatan

^ Cecil Grayson, in Kunstkronik 213 (1960:359ff, and Münchener Jahrbuch der Bildenden Kunst 11 (1960), demonstrated that the bulk of the composition was carried out between these dates.

Referensi

Alberti, Leon Battista. De re aedificatoria. On the art of building in ten books. (translated by Joseph Rykwert, Robert Tavernor and Neil Leach). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1988.
Grafton, Anthony. Leon Battista Alberti: master builder of the Italian Renaissance. New York: Hill and Wang, 2000.
Tavernor, Robert. On Alberti and the Art of Building. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1998.
Wittkower, Rudolph. Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism (London: Tiranti) 1962; (New York: Random House) 1965. Part I.i "Alberti's Program of the Ideal Church"; part ii "Alberti's Approach to Antiquity in Architecture"; part IV.iii "Alberti's 'Generation' of Ratios".
Fontana-Giusti, Gordana. 'Walling and the city: the effects of walls and walling within the city space', The Journal of Architecture pp 309–45 Volume 16, Issue 3, London & New York: Routledge, 2011 http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rjar20/16/3#.UlGA8ChTNUQ

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