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Gua Kristal Raksasa

Cueva de los Cristales
(Gua Kristal-Kristal)
Kristal gipsum di gua Naica.
LokasiNaica, Munisipalitas Saucillo, Chihuahua, Meksiko
Koordinat27°51′3″N 105°29′47″W / 27.85083°N 105.49639°W / 27.85083; -105.49639
Kedalaman300 m (980 ft)
Panjang27 m (89 ft)
Ditemukan2000
GeologiBatu kapur
BahayaSuhu (58 °C) dan kelembaban (~ 99 %) tinggi
AksesMilik swasta

Gua Kristal Raksasa atau Gua Kristal-Kristal (bahasa Spanyol: Cueva de los Cristales) adalah gua yang terhubung dengan Tambang Naica 300 meter (980 ft) di bawah permukaan kota Naica, Chihuahua, Meksiko. Di bilik utama gua ini terdapat kristal selenit raksasa (gipsum, CaSO4·2 H2O), yang merupakan salah satu kristal alami terbesar yang pernah ditemukan.[1] Kristal terbesar yang ditemukan di gua ini tercatat memiliki panjang 12 m (39 ft), diameter 4 m (13 ft), dan massa 55 ton. Suhu di gua ini amat tinggi dan dapat mencapai 58 °C (136 °F)[2] dengan kelembaban 90 hingga 99 persen. Akibatnya, Gua Kristal Raksasa masih belum sepenuhnya dijelajahi.[3] Tanpa pakaian pelindung, manusia hanya dapat bertahan selama sepuluh menit.[4]

Sekelompok ilmuwan yang disebut Naica Project merupakan kelompok yang banyak meneliti gua ini.[5]

Pembentukan kristal

Naica terletak di patahan kuno dan di bawah gua ini terdapat bilik magma. Magma memanaskan air tanah dan menjadikannya jenuh akan mineral, salah satunya gipsum. Rongga di gua diisi oleh air panas ini dan tetap terisi selama 500.000 tahun. Selama itu, suhu air tetap stabil di atas 50 °C (122 °F), sehingga kristal dapat terbentuk dan membesar.[6]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Lovgren, Stefan (2007-04-06). "Giant crystal cave's mystery solved". National Geographic News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-18. Diakses tanggal 2010-10-22. 
  2. ^ "Giant Crystal Cave Comes to Light". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-02-09. Diakses tanggal 2010-02-07. 
  3. ^ BBC (19 January 2010). "A rare glimpse of the cave of crystals". BBC News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-01-20. Diakses tanggal 2010-01-19. 
  4. ^ Shea, Neil (November 2008). "Crystal palace". National Geographic magazine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-09-06. Diakses tanggal 2009-06-12. 
  5. ^ "NAICA Project web site". NAICA Project. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-02-25. Diakses tanggal 2010-10-22. 
  6. ^ Crystal Cave of Giants, Naica, Mexico – Sept. 2009 Diarsipkan 2011-01-14 di Wayback Machine.. www.stormchaser.ca. Diakses pada 2012-02-01.

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Minerals of Naica.

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