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Loh Kiš

Loh Kiš
Prasasti loh batu kapur dari Kiš (Sumer) dengan aksara piktogram, 3200 SM; mungkin tulisan paling awal yang diketahui. Sekarang disimpan di Museum Ashmolean, Oxford, Britania Raya.
Jangkauan geografis	Mesopotamia
Periode	Uruk IV
Tanggal	kira-kira 3200 SM
Situs induk	Kiš
Diikuti oleh	Pelat Narmer

Loh Kiš, juga dieja sebagai Loh Kish, adalah prasasti loh batu gamping yang ditemukan di Tell al-Uhaymir, Kegubernuran Babil, Irak, yang merupakan Kiš, sebuah situs kota kuno peradaban Sumeria. Sebuah gips artefak disimpan di Museum Ashmolean, Oxford, Britania Raya.

Loh Kiš bertuliskan simbol-simbol yang menjadi aksara proto-paku. Loh ini berasal dari zaman Uruk IV (kira-kira tahun 3350–3200 SM).^[1] Beberapa ribu prasasti aksara proto-paku yang berasal dari zaman Uruk IV dan III (kira-kira tahun 3350–3000 SM) ditemukan di Uruk. Prasasti ini dianggap sebagai catatan tertulis pertama dan tertua yang diketahui di dunia.

Tulisannya masih murni berupa piktogram, dan merupakan tahap transisi antara proto-tulisan dan munculnya tulisan sebagian suku kata dari aksara paku yang sebenarnya. "Periode proto-tulisan" di Mesopotamia dan Mesir diperkirakan berlangsung sekitar tahun 3500 hingga 2900 SM. Catatan-catatan pemerintahan pada Periode Jemdet Nasr (3100–2900 SM), yang ditemukan di antara tempat-tempat lain di Jemdet Nasr dan Tell Uqair merupakan tahap lebih lanjut dalam perkembangan dari aksara proto-paku ke aksara paku, tetapi masih belum dapat diketahui secara pasti sebagai bahasa Sumeria, meskipun mungkin termasuk bentuk kunonya.^[2]

Lihat pula

Referensi

Catatan kaki

^ Hayes, John L., 1990 A Manual of Sumerian Grammar and Texts, Undena Publications, p.266
^ Woods, Christopher (2010), "The earliest Mesopotamian writing", dalam Woods, Christopher, Visible language. Inventions of writing in the ancient Middle East and beyond (PDF), Oriental Institute Museum Publications, 32, Chicago: University of Chicago, hlm. 33–50, ISBN 978-1-885923-76-9, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2013-05-11, diakses tanggal 2021-09-09

Daftar pustaka

A. C. Moorhouse, The Triumph of the Alphabet: A History of Writing
Langdon, Pictographic Inscriptions from Jemdet Nasr
Peter N. Stearns, The Encyclopedia of World History (2001), ISBN 978-0-395-65237-4.

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