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Negara seberang laut Prancis


Artikel ini merupakan bagian dari
Pembagian administratif Prancis

(termasuk region seberang laut)

(termasuk departemen seberang laut)

Komunitas urban
Komunitas aglomerasi
Komunitas komune
Sindikat Aglomerasi Baru

Gabungan komune
Arondisemen kota

Lainnya dalam Prancis Seberang Laut

Jajahan seberang laut
Jajahan sui generis
Negara seberang laut
Teritori seberang laut
Pulau Clipperton

Negara seberang laut[1] (Prancis: pays d'outre mer atau POM) merupakan pembentukan baru untuk jajahan seberang laut di Polinesia Prancis. Polinesia Prancis sebelumnya berupa teritori seberang laut hingga pembentukan kembali secara konstitusional tanggal 28 Maret 2003 yang membentuk jajahan seberang laut. Kemudian, pada 27 Februari 2004, suatu hukum disahkan yang memberikan Polinesia Prancis sebuah pembentukan negara seberang laut yang masuk dalam kategori jajahan seberang laut. Namun, Majelis Konsitusional Prancis menyatakan bahwa deskripsi ini hanya pembentukan dan bukan dalam status legal, yang berarti tidak konstitusional.

Status baru teritori ini berarti otonomi untuk Polinesia Prancis di wilayah Pasifik yang diartikan kepada pemindahan wilayah baru dengan tanggungjawab legal (hukum sipil, hukum perdagangan, hukum buruh) dan menjaga otonomi yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan, pembangunan dan tata kota dan lingkungan. Dengan tambahan, mereka sekarang memiliki kekuasaan menentang peletakan hukum di Polinesia Prancis yang ditentukan oleh Parlemen Prancis yang tidak menghargai wilayah bertanggungjawab ini. Lebih jauh, mereka menetapkan kewarganegaraan Polinesia Prancis berdasarkan penetapan permanen, yang berupa syarat untuk hak pilih dalam pemilihan kedaerahan. Namun, Prancis memegang konstrol atas keadilan, keamanan dan tata kota, keuangan, pertahanan, dan kebijakan luar negeri.

Kaledonia Baru, yang memiliki status unik atas jajahan sui generis, juga kadang-kadang salah diartikan sebagai negara seberang laut. Namun, bila rakyat Kaledonia Baru memilih tetap menjadi bagian dari Prancis dalam referendum kemerdekaan yang terjadwal pada 2014 atau tahun mendatang, wilayah ini dapat menjadi negara seberang laut.

Bacaan

  • Frédéric Monera, L'idée de République et la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel - Paris: L.G.D.J., 2004 [1]-[2] Diarsipkan 2006-09-23 di Wayback Machine.;
  1. ^ The phrase "Overseas country" can also be translated as overseas lands; see The CIA World Factbook Diarsipkan 2016-05-15 di Wayback Machine. or the Slovenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs[pranala nonaktif permanen] for examples.

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