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Respons lawan-atau-lari

Seekor anjing dan kucing menunjukkan reaksi lawan (atas) dan lari (bawah)

Respons lawan-atau-lari (juga dikenal sebagai respons stres akut) adalah sebuah reaksi psikologis terhadap peristiwa berbahaya, cedera, atau ancaman bertahan hidup yang dirasakan.^[1] Respons ini pertamakali dideskripsikan oleh Walter Bradford Cannon pada 1915.^[a]^[2] Teorinya menyatakan bahwa hewan bereaksi terhadap ancaman dengan pelepasan oleh sistem saraf simpatis, mempersiapkan hewan tersebut untuk lawan atau lari.^[3] Lebih spesifiknya, medula adrenal memproduksi reaksi hormonal yang berujung pada sekresi katekolamin, terkhususnya norepinefrindan epinefrin.^[4] Hormon estrogen, testosteron dan kortisol, juga neurotransmiter dopamin dan serotonin, juga mempengaruhi bagaimana suatu organisme bereaksi terhadap stres.^[5] Hormen osteokalsin barangkali juga memainkan peran.^[6]^[7]

Referensi

^ Cannon, Walter (1932). Wisdom of the Body. United States: W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-00205-8.
^ Walter Bradford Cannon (1915). Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. hlm. 211.
^ Jansen, A; Nguyen, X; Karpitsky, V; Mettenleiter, M (27 October 1995). "Central Command Neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System: Basis of the Fight-or-Flight Response". Science Magazine. 5236 (270): 644–6. Bibcode:1995Sci...270..644J. doi:10.1126/science.270.5236.644. PMID 7570024.
^ Walter Bradford Cannon (1915). Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage: An Account of Recent Researches into the Function of Emotional Excitement. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
^ "Adrenaline, Cortisol, Norepinephrine: The Three Major Stress Hormones, Explained". Huffington Post. April 19, 2014. Diakses tanggal 16 August 2014.
^ Kwon, Diana. "Fight or Flight May Be in Our Bones". Scientific American (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-06-22.
^ "Bone, not adrenaline, drives fight or flight response". phys.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-06-22.

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