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Traktat rahasia

Traktat rahasia adalah "sebuah perjanjian internasional dimana pihak-pihak yang terlibat bersepakat, baik dalam instrumen traktat atau secara terpisah, yang ditutupi keberadaannya atau setidaknya substansinya dari negara lainnya dan masyarakat."[1]

Menurut salah satu kompilasi traktat rahasia yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2004, terdapat 593 traktat rahasia yang dinegosiasikan oleh 110 negara dan entitas-entitas politik independen sejak tahun 1521.[2] "Traktat rahasia adalah instrumen utama diplomasi keseimbangan kekuasaan pada abad kedelapan belas dan kesembilan belas," namun sekarang jarang.[3]

Catatan

  1. ^ Helmut Tichy and Philip Bittner, "Article 80" in Olivier Dörr & Kirsten Schmalenbach (eds.) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: a Commentary (Springer, 2012)), 1339, at 1341, note 11.
  2. ^ Chad M. Kahl, International Relations, International Security, and Comparative Politics: A Guide to Reference and Information Sources (Greenwood, 2008), pp. 206-07.
  3. ^ Lipson, pp. 237-28.

Referensi

  • Grenville, J.A.S. The Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts, Vol. 1 (Taylor & Francis, 2001).
  • Grosek, Edward. The Secret Treaties of History (Xlibris, 2004), 388pp; lists and explains 593 secret treaties made from 1521 to 2000 among 110 nations.
  • Lipson, Charles. "Why Are Some International Agreements Informal?" in International Law and International Relations: An International Organization Reader, eds. Beth A. Simmons & Richard H. Steinberg (Cambridge University Press, 2007).
  • Rich, Norman. Great Power Diplomacy: Since 1914 (2002) pp 12–20.
  • Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: A Commentary, eds. Oliver Dörr & Kirsten Schmalenbach (Springer, 2012).
  • Stevenson, David. The First World War and International Politics (1988)
  • Zeman, Z. A. A diplomatic history of the First World War (1971).

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