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Vernakular

Vernakular atau bahasa vernakular adalah bentuk bahasa yang dipakai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari oleh suatu golongan atau kaum dalam masyarakat.[1][2] Vernakular bisa dianggap berkontras dengan bahasa nasional, bahasa kesusastraan, bahasa liturgis, bahasa ilmiah, atau lingua franca, yaitu bahasa perantara yang dipakai untuk memudahkan komunikasi di belahan sebuah kawasan besar. Bahasa vernakular biasanya adalah bahasa asli, lebih lazim dipakai dalam percakapan daripada tulisan dan biasanya dipandang berstatus lebih rendah daripada bentuk yang melalui tahap kodifikasi.[3] Vernakular bisa berupa ragam bahasa, dialek geografis, sosiolek, atau bahasa daerah.

Dalam pengertian lain, vernakular adalah bahasa yang tidak mempunyai bentuk baku/kodifikasi atau tradisi kesusastraan.[4][5] Dalam konteks pembakuan bahasa, sebutan "vernakular" atau "dialek vernakular" kadang dipakai sebagai sinonim istilah "dialek nonbaku".[6]

Catatan

  1. ^ Omar (1985), hlm. 28
  2. ^ "Jurnal dewan bahasa" (dalam bahasa Melayu). 42 (1-6). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 1998: 226. 
  3. ^ Yule (2016), hlm. 559
  4. ^ Keulen, Jean E. Van; Weddington, Gloria Toliver; DeBose, Charles E. (1998). Speech, Language, Learning, and the African American Child (dalam bahasa Inggris). Allyn and Bacon. hlm. 50. ISBN 9780205152681. 
  5. ^ Suhardi & Sembiring (2007), hlm. 61–62
  6. ^ Wolfram, Walt; Schilling-Estes, Natalie (1998). American English: dialects and variation. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell. hlm. 13–16. 

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