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Oorlog in Soedan (sedert 2023)

2024 Kaart van die Soedan-oorlog. Aangepas uit Sudanese Internal Conflict.svg Pienk - Beheer deur die Soedanese gewapende magte, Blou - Beheer deur die vinnige ondersteuningsmagte. Geel - Beheer deur die Soedan Bevrydingsbeweging–Noord (al-Hilu), Rooi - Beheer deur die Soedan Bevrydingsbeweging (al-Nur)

'n Burgeroorlog tussen twee mededingende faksies van die militêre regering van Soedan, die Soedanese Gewapende Magte (SAF) onder Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, en die paramilitêre Vinnige Ondersteuningsmagte (RSF) onder Hemedti, het tydens Ramadan op 15 April 2023 begin. gekonsentreer rondom die hoofstad Khartoem en die Darfoer-streek.[1] Vanaf 21 Januarie 2024 is minstens 13 000<[2]–15 000 mense dood en 33 000 ander is beseer.[3] Op 29 Desember 2023 was meer as 5,8 miljoen intern ontheem en meer as 1,5 miljoen ander het as vlugtelinge uit die land gevlug,[4] en baie burgerlikes in Darfoer is as deel van die Masalit-slagtings in 2023 dood aangemeld.[5]

Die oorlog het begin met aanvalle deur die RSF op regeringsterreine, aangesien lugaanvalle, artillerie en geweervuur regoor Soedan aangemeld is. Die stede Khartoem en Omdoerman is tussen die twee strydende faksies verdeel, met al-Burhan wat sy regering na Port Soedan verskuif het toe RSF-magte die meeste van Khartoem se regeringsgeboue ingeneem het. Pogings deur internasionale moondhede om 'n wapenstilstand te beding, het uitgeloop op die Verdrag van Jeddah, wat nie die gevegte stopgesit het nie en as ondoeltreffend laat vaar is.

Oor die volgende paar maande het 'n dooiepunt plaasgevind, waartydens die twee partye toe aangesluit is deur rebellegroepe wat voorheen teen Soedan se regering geveg het. Teen middel November het die Minni Minnawi- en Mustafa Tambour-faksies van die Soedan Bevrydingsbeweging amptelik by die oorlog aangesluit ter ondersteuning van die SAF, saam met die Justice and Equality Movement (JEM).[6][7] Daarteenoor het die Tamazuj-beweging kragte saamgesnoer met die RSF, terwyl die Abdelaziz al-Hilu-faksie van die Soedan Bevrydingsbeweging-Noord SAF-posisies in die suide van die land aangeval het.[8]

Vanaf Oktober 2023 het momentum na die RSF begin swaai, aangesien die paramilitêre weermagmagte in Darfoer verslaan het en in die Khartoem-staat, Kordofan en Gezira-staat grondgebied ingepalm het. Sedert Februarie 2024 het die SAF egter vordering in Omdurman gemaak. Verdere onderhandelinge tussen die strydende partye het tot dusver geen noemenswaardige resultate opgelewer nie, terwyl baie lande militêre of politieke steun aan óf al-Burhan óf Hemedti gebied het.[9][10]

Verwysings

  1. ↑ "100 days of conflict in Sudan: A timeline" (in Engels). Al Jazeera. 24 Julie 2023. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 28 September 2023. Besoek op 28 September 2023.
  2. ↑ "More than 13,000 people killed in Sudan conflict: UN". TRT World (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 21 Januarie 2024. Besoek op 21 Januarie 2024.
  3. ↑ "UN humanitarian office raises alarm over fighting in eastern Sudanese state". Anadolu Agency. 19 Desember 2023. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Januarie 2024.
  4. ↑ "DTM Sudan - Monthly Displacement Overview (Januarie 2024)". reliefweb. 2 Februarie 2024. Besoek op 4 Februarie 2024.
  5. ↑ "Genocide returns to Darfur". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 10 November 2023. Besoek op 11 November 2023.
  6. ↑ "SLM-Abdel Wahid forces seize RSF camp in South Darfur". Sudan Tribune. 3 Desember 2023. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Desember 2023. Besoek op 26 Desember 2023.
  7. ↑ "Key Darfur groups join Sudanese army in its war against RSF paramilitary forces". Sudan Tribune. 16 November 2023. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 18 November 2023. Besoek op 16 November 2023.
  8. ↑ "South Kordofan residents flee as Sudan war escalates". al-Arabiya (in Engels). 23 Junie 2023. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 30 Junie 2023. Besoek op 23 Junie 2023.
  9. ↑ Abdelaziz, Khalid; Eltahir, Nafisar (6 Desember 2023). "Sudanese warring parties dig in as Jeddah talks falter again". Reuters. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 11 Desember 2023. Besoek op 11 Desember 2023.
  10. ↑ Ahmadi, Ali Abbas (18 April 2023). "Who are the major international actors involved in Sudan's violence?". The New Arab. Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike op 11 Desember 2023. Besoek op 11 Desember 2023.

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