Azure Dragon

Azure Dragon
Azure Dragon
	Qīnglóng sculpture on the eaves tile
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	青龍
Simplified Chinese	青龙
Literal meaning	Blue-green Dragon
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Qīnglóng
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Chēnglùhng
Jyutping	Ceng1lung4
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Chheⁿ-lêng or Chhiⁿ-lêng
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese alphabet	Thanh Long
Chữ Hán	青龍
Korean name
Hangul	청룡
Hanja	靑龍
Revised Romanization
Transcriptions
Revised Romanization	Cheongnyong
Japanese name
Kanji	青竜
Hiragana	せいりゅう
Revised Hepburn
Transcriptions
Revised Hepburn	Seiryū
Kunrei-shiki	Seiryuu

The Azure Dragon (Chinese: 青龍 Qīnglóng), also known as Qinglong in Chinese, is one of the Dragon Gods who represent the mount or chthonic forces of the Five Regions' Highest Deities (五方上帝 Wǔfāng Shàngdì). It is also one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations, which are the astral representations of the Wufang Shangdi. The Azure Dragon represents the east and the spring season.^[1] It is also sometimes referred to as the Blue-green Dragon, Green Dragon, or the Blue Dragon (蒼龍 Cānglóng).

The Dragon is frequently referred to in the media, feng shui, other cultures, and in various venues as the Green Dragon and the Avalon Dragon.^[2] His cardinal direction's epithet is "Bluegreen Dragon of the East" (東方青龍 Dōngfāng Qīnglóng or 東方蒼龍 Dōngfāng Cānglóng).

This dragon is also known as Seiryū in Japanese, Cheongryong in Korean and Thanh Long in Vietnamese.

Seven Mansions of the Azure Dragon

As with the other three Symbols, there are seven astrological "Mansions" (positions of the Moon) within the Azure Dragon. The names and determinative stars are:^[3]^[4]

Mansion no.	Name (pinyin)	Translation	Determinative star
1	角 (Jiăo)	Horn	Spica
2	亢 (Kàng)	Neck	κ Vir
3	氐 (Dĭ)	Root	α Lib
4	房 (Fáng)	Room	π Sco
5	心 (Xīn)	Heart	Antares
6	尾 (Wěi)	Tail	μ Sco
7	箕 (Jī)	Winnowing Basket	γ Sgr

Cultural depictions

In the Romance of the Tales of the Tang [zh], the White Tiger's star is reincarnated as fictionalized General Luo Cheng, who serves Li Shimin. The Azure Dragon's Star is reincarnated as General Shan Xiongxin, who serves Wang Shichong. The two generals are sworn brothers of Qin Shubao, Cheng Zhijie and Yuchi Gong. After death, their souls are said to possess heroes of the Tang dynasty and Goguryeo, such as Xue Rengui and Yeon Gaesomun.

The Azure Dragon appears as a door god at Taoist temples. He was represented on the tomb of Wang Hui (stone coffin, east side) at Xikang in Lushan. A rubbing of this was collected by David Crockett Graham and is in the Field Museum of Natural History.^[5]^[6] The dragon featured on the Chinese national flag in 1862–1912, and on the Twelve Symbols national emblem from 1913 to 1928.

Influence

Japan

In Japan, the Azure Dragon is one of the four guardian spirits of cities and is believed to protect the city of Kyoto on the east.^[7] The west is protected by the White Tiger, the north is protected by the Black Tortoise, the south is protected by the Vermilion Bird, and the center is protected by the Yellow Dragon.^[7] In Kyoto, there are temples dedicated to each of these guardian spirits. The Azure Dragon is represented in the Kiyomizu Temple in eastern Kyoto. Before the entrance of the temple there is a statue of the dragon, which is said to drink from the waterfall within the temple complex at nighttime. Therefore, each year a ceremony is held to worship the dragon of the east. In 1983, the Kitora Tomb was found in the village of Asuka. All four guardians were painted on the walls (in the corresponding directions) and a system of the constellations was painted on the ceiling. This is one of the few ancient records of the four guardians.

Korea

In Korea, the murals of the Goguryeo tombs found at Uhyon-ni in South Pyongan province features the Azure Dragon and the other mythological creatures of the four symbols.^[2]