Coquelin Run

Coquelin Run
Coquelin Run
	Connecticut Avenue culvert
Location
State	Maryland
County	Montgomery County, Maryland
Physical characteristics
Source
• location	Bethesda, Maryland
• coordinates	38°58′57″N 77°05′28″W / 38.9825°N 77.091111°W
Mouth
• location	Rock Creek
• coordinates	38°59′40″N 77°03′47″W / 38.994444°N 77.063056°W
Basin size	1.71 sq mi (4.4 km2)
Basin features
River system	Rock Creek

Coquelin Run is a tributary of Rock Creek in Montgomery County, Maryland. It rises in the Town of Chevy Chase, runs for about two miles while draining an area of 1,095 acres (1.71 square miles), and debouches in Rock Creek in unincorporated Chevy Chase.^[2]

While the stream valley remains largely wooded, it has long been affected by nearby urban and suburban development, and its course has been followed for more than a century by railroads and rail trails. From the 1890s to the 1930s, the stream was dammed to power electric streetcars and to create Chevy Chase Lake, an artificial lake that was the centerpiece of a popular trolley park.

Course

Coquelin Run rises in the Town of Chevy Chase, south of the southern end of Pearl Street and northeast of Elm Street Park, apparently fed by nearby springs or groundwater.^[3] It flows eastward for several hundred yards through the back yards of properties along the north and west sides of Elm Street and Oakridge Lane.

Several storm sewers carry water into the stream from nearby Bethesda, particularly a 24" cast-iron outfall just below and south of the Georgetown Branch Interim Trail. On particularly rainy days, the stormwater can exceed the stream's normal flow.^[4]

Along the west side of Maple Avenue, the stream runs into a large concrete conduit that ultimately carries it under East-West Highway.^[5]

After Coquelin Run emerges north of the road, it enters Columbia Country Club and crosses the southern part of its golf course. A landscaped channel carries it past or through holes 1, 15, 16, 17, and 18; it is dammed at the 17th hole to create a 250-yard-long pond south of the green, where it is joined by other streams.^[6] One unnamed tributary joins the stream on the club's grounds.^[3]

After the stream leaves club property, it runs through woods to a culvert under Connecticut Avenue. It collects from two unnamed tributaries as it runs through a wooded, once-dammed valley, and thence to Rock Creek.^[3]

History

For the first hundred years after the founding of Washington, D.C., Coquelin Run drained "a patchwork of open fields around occasional farm houses and barns."^[7] As the Civil War drew near, "by far the most prosperous Bethesda farmer" was "slaveholder Greenbury Watkins, a 52-year-old widower whose four young children were in the care of a hired governess. The value of Watkins' total estate, including land spread on both sides of Coquelin Run, was over $100,000," wrote author William Offut.^[8]

Suburban development reached Coquelin Run in 1892, when the Chevy Chase Land Company graded an extension of Connecticut Avenue from the District of Columbia to just north of the stream. A culvert was built to carry the stream under the dirt road and the double-track streetcar line that ran down its center. This was the Rock Creek Railway, formed by the Land Company to haul passengers to its nascent development of Chevy Chase, Maryland. Where the tracks and the road ended, just past Coquelin Run's northern bank, the Land Company built a terminal complex: a railway office of pressed brick, a wood-framed car barn, and a coal-fired power house with a tall chimney. Coal would be supplied by a new railroad spur: the Georgetown Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which ran along the northern side of the stream's valley.

As part of the project, the Land Company dammed Coquelin Run about a half mile east of Connecticut Avenue. The resulting artificial lake had two purposes: to supply water to the power plant's steam turbines, and to be the centerpiece of a trolley park named Chevy Chase Lake.^[7] The 3.5-acre lake, roughly 160 by 240 yards, was eventually populated by turtles, frogs, snakes, and fish.^[7]^[9] The amusement park was an instant hit, with city dwellers and suburbanites taking the trolley to boat on and swim in the new lake.^[9]

In 1910, the B&O extended its spur westward along upper Coquelin Run;^[10] the following year, the Columbia Country Club built its golf course on both sides of about a quarter-mile of the stream.^[6]

In the 1920s, the Columbia Country Club channelized and dammed the creek to create a pond on its golf course.^[6]

Around 1930, the Chevy Chase Land Company removed its dam and drained Chevy Chase Lake,^[7] because of community concern over insect populations and safety.^[11]

In 1953, the Maryland State Roads Commission proposed to build an elevated highway along the stream valley from Connecticut Avenue to East-West Highway on land owned by Montgomery County.^[12]^[13] The proposal was opposed and ultimately defeated by local residents, civic groups, the Montgomery County Board of Education, and the Chevy Chase Land Company.

In the early 1960s, Coquelin Run was placed in a conduit along the west side of Maple Avenue.^[5]

In the 1970s, the country club's channel, dam, and pond were altered when the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission built a new sewer line and water line through the property.^[6]

In 1997, the B&O right-of-way along Coquelin Run was turned into an interim rail-trail called the Georgetown Branch Trail. In 2017, construction began on the Purple Line, a light-rail line that uses the right-of-way. The trail is to be rebuilt alongside the new tracks, which is projected for completion in 2027.^[14]

In 1997, Coquelin Run was given a preliminary sub-basin/stream condition of “fair” by Montgomery County officials.^[15] This assessment was downgraded to "poor" in 2002 and back to "fair" in 2008.^[11] In 2012, a planning report noted that invasive plant species had decreased the stream's natural biological diversity, and uncontrolled stormwater had eroded banks and deposited sediment that reduced habitat for aquatic animals.^[11]

In the mid-2010s, the stream restoration firm Environmental Quality Resources worked to restore native plants and aquatic species to Coquelin Run, as well as to prepare the stream for anticipated increases of stormwater from the under-construction Chevy Chase Lake development.^[16]

References

^ "Washington West Quadrangle | U.S. Geological Survey". www.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-01-30. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
^ Brown & Caldwell (October 2018). "Rock Creek Watershed Assessment Summary Document" (PDF). Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 30, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c Purple Line Final Environmental Impact Statement: Water Resources Technical Report. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. 2013. pp. 8, 17.
^ Fosler, Scott (April 18, 2017). "Letter (Mayor of the Town of Chevy Chase to John Grace, Chief of the Source Protection and Appropriations Division / Maryland Department of the Environment". Town of Chevy Chase. Archived from the original on February 7, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
^ ^a ^b "The Setting". Town of Chevy Chase. Archived from the original on January 31, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Columbia Country Club / Maryland Historical Trust Determination of Eligibility Form" (PDF). Maryland Historical Trust. July 10, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Duvall, William. "Chevy Chase Lake". Town of Chevy Chase. Archived from the original on February 7, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
^ Offutt, William M. (1996-01-07). Bethesda : A Social History. Bethesda, Maryland: Innovation Game. ISBN 978-0-9643819-3-3.
^ ^a ^b "Chevy Chase Lake Amusement Park | Chevy Chase Historical Society". www.chevychasehistory.org. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
^ "History of the Georgetown Branch". Coalition for the Capital Crescent Trail. Archived from the original on 2024-01-31. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Chevy Chase Lake Sector Plan: Appendix" (PDF). Montgomery County Planning Department. July 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 6, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
^ "Chevy Chase Lake Sector Plan: Approved and Adopted" (PDF). Montgomery County Planning Department. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
^ "Chevy Chase Groups Step Up Campaign to Block New Highway". Washington Evening Star. 1953-02-15. p. 2. Archived from the original on 2024-02-17. Retrieved 2024-02-17.
^ Shaver, Katherine (2020-05-01). "Firms building Maryland Purple Line say they plan to quit the job over disputes with the state". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
^ Anita L. Anderson, Cherie V. Miller, Lisa D. Olsen, Edward J. Doheny, and Daniel J. Phelan (2002). "Water Quality, Sediment Quality, and Stream-Channel Classification of Rock Creek, Washington, D.C., 1999-2000" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 31, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "Coquelin Run Stream". Environmental Quality Resources, LLC. 2017-02-15. Archived from the original on 2024-01-31. Retrieved 2024-01-31.