The kibbutz is about ten kilometers (6.2 mi) south of Mount Hermon, at an elevation of 1,050–1,070 meters (3,440–3,510 ft) above sea level. El Rom and the nearby moshavOdem are the two Jewish settlements in Israel with the highest elevation after Nimrod.
The kibbutz was founded in 1971 by a core group of settlers from the Machanot HaOlimZionist youth movement. Although they had intended to settle in Beit HaArava in the southern Jordan River Valley, they were eventually persuaded to move to the Golan Heights. The original settlement was shelled during the Yom Kippur war; most buildings were repaired, except for one or two prefabs.
El Rom has Mediterranean-type climate, with warm and dry summer followed by cold and humid winter. Being at the northern part of the Golan Heights and at an altitude of over one thousand meters (3,300 ft) above sea level gives it a unique year-round weather in comparison to most of Israel. Summer time, in between May and September, is dry with almost no precipitation at all and temperatures of 25–30 °C (77–86 °F) during the day in the hot months of July and August. Nights are mostly cool due to the continental wind blowing from the vast desert to the east. Winter temperature averages 7 °C (45 °F) in the cold months of January and February during the day and lows of 2–3 °C (36–37 °F), at times dropping down to −15 °C (5 °F). The rains start in September and go on until May, filling up the reservoirs and giving a lot of water to the Sea of Galilee. The annual precipitation averages 940 millimeters (37 in) of rain and occasional snow, but the last few years show lesser precipitation and higher temperatures. Fog is very common throughout the year.
Economy
The economy is based primarily on agriculture. Crops include apples, pears, strawberries, and grapes for wine. A cider house producing British-style alcoholic cider operates on the kibbutz.[3] They also raise cattle and chickens. In 1984, the kibbutz established El Rom Studios to provide an alternative employment opportunities and revenue stream. The studios command a large share of the market for adding subtitles as well as other translation services for film and television. In Israel, since foreign language movies and TV programs are rarely dubbed, there is a constant need to provide these services.[citation needed]
