Eye disease

This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders.

The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, or ICD-10. This list uses that classification.

• (H02.1) Ectropion
• (H02.2) Lagophthalmos
• (H02.3) Blepharochalasis
• (H02.4) Ptosis
• (H02.5) Stye, an acne type infection of the sebaceous glands on or near the eyelid.
• (H02.6) Xanthelasma of eyelid
• (H03.0*) Parasitic infestation of eyelid in diseases classified elsewhere
  • Dermatitis of eyelid due to Demodex species ( B88.0+ )
  • Parasitic infestation of eyelid in:
    • leishmaniasis ( B55.-+ )
    • loiasis ( B74.3+ )
    • onchocerciasis ( B73+ )
    • phthiriasis ( B85.3+ )
• (H03.1*) Involvement of eyelid in other infectious diseases classified elsewhere
  • Involvement of eyelid in:
    • herpesviral (herpes simplex) infection ( B00.5+ )
    • leprosy ( A30.-+ )
    • molluscum contagiosum ( B08.1+ )
    • tuberculosis ( A18.4+ )
    • yaws ( A66.-+ )
    • zoster ( B02.3+ )
• (H03.8*) Involvement of eyelid in other diseases classified elsewhere
  • Involvement of eyelid in impetigo ( L01.0+ )
• (H04.0) Dacryoadenitis
• (H04.2) Epiphora
• (H06.2*) Dysthyroid exophthalmos it is shown that if your eye comes out that it will shrink because the optic fluids drain out

• (H10.0) Conjunctivitis – inflammation of the conjunctiva commonly due to an infection or an allergic reaction
• (H11.129) Conjunctival concretion - development of hard deposits under the eyelid

• (H15.0) Scleritis — a painful inflammation of the sclera
• (H16) Keratitis — inflammation of the cornea
• (H16.0) Corneal ulcer / Corneal abrasion — loss of the surface epithelial layer of the eye's cornea
• (H16.1) Snow blindness / Arc eye — a painful condition caused by exposure of unprotected eyes to bright light
• (H16.1) Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy
• (H16.4) Corneal neovascularization
• (H18.5) Fuchs' dystrophy — cloudy morning vision
• (H18.6) Keratoconus — degenerative disease: the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabole
• (H19.3) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eyes
• (H20.0) Iritis — inflammation of the iris
• (H20.0, H44.1) Uveitis — inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye; Sympathetic ophthalmia is a subset.

• (H25) Cataract — the lens becomes opaque
• (H26) Myopia - close object appears clearly, but far ones do not
• (H27) Hypermetropia - Nearby objects appears blurry
• (H28) Presbyopia - inability to focus on nearby objects

(H30) Chorioretinal inflammation

• (H30.0) Focal chorioretinal inflammation
  • Focal:
    • chorioretinitis
    • choroiditis
    • retinitis
    • retinochoroiditis
• (H30.1) Disseminated chorioretinal inflammation
  • Disseminated:
    • chorioretinitis
    • choroiditis
    • retinitis
    • retinochoroiditis

• Excludes: exudative retinopathy (H35.0)

• (H30.2) Posterior cyclitis
  • Pars planitis
• (H30.8) Other chorioretinal inflammations
  • Harada's disease
• (H30.9) Chorioretinal inflammation, unspecified
  • Chorioretinitis
  • Choroiditis
  • Retinitis
  • Retinochoroiditis^[1]

(H31) Other disorders of choroid

• (H31.0) Chorioretinal scars
  • Macula scars of posterior pole (postinflammatory) (post-traumatic)
  • Solar retinopathy
• (H31.1) Choroidal degeneration
  • Atrophy
  • Sclerosis
    • Excludes: angioid streaks (H35.3)
• (H31.2) Hereditary choroidal dystrophy
  • Choroideremia
  • Dystrophy, choroidal (central areolar) (generalized) (peripapillary)
  • Gyrate atrophy, choroid
    • Excludes: ornithinaemia ( E72.4 )
• (H31.3) Choroidal haemorrhage and rupture
  • Choroidal haemorrhage:
    • NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)
    • expulsive
• (H31.4) Choroidal detachment
• (H31.8) Other specified disordes of choroid
• (H31.9) Disorder of choroid, unspecified ^[1]

(H32) Chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

• (H32.0) Chorioretinal inflammation in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
  • Chorioretinitis:
    • syphilitic, late ( A52.7+ )
    • toxoplasma ( B58.0+ )
    • tuberculosis ( A18.5+ )
• (H32.8) Other chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere ^[1]

• (H33) Retinal detachment with retinal break
  • Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
• (H33.1) Retinoschisis and retinal cysts — the retina separates into several layers and may detach
  • Cyst of ora serrata
  • Parasitic cyst of retina NOS
  • Pseudocyst of retina
    • Excludes: congenital retinoschisis (Q14.1)
      • microcystoid degeneration of retina (H35.4)
• (H33.2) Serous retinal detachment
  • Retinal detachment:
    • NOS
    • without retinal break
      • Excludes: central serous chorioretinopathy (H35.7)
• (H33.3) Retinal breaks without detachment
  • Horseshoe tear of retina, without detachment
  • Round hole of retina, without detachment
  • Operculum
  • Retinal break NOS
    • Excludes: chorioretinal scars after surgery for detachment (H59.8)
    • peripheral retinal degeneration without break (H35.4)
• (H33.4) Traction detachment of retina
  • Proliferative vitreo-retinopathy with retinal detachment
• (H33.5) Other retinal detachments^[2]

A retinal vessel occlusion is a blockage in the blood vessel at the back of your eye that can result in sight loss.

• (H35.0) Hypertensive retinopathy — burst blood vessels, due to long-term high blood pressure
  • (H35.0/E10-E14) Diabetic retinopathy — damage to the retina caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which could eventually lead to blindness
• (H35.0-H35.2) Retinopathy — general term referring to non-inflammatory damage to the retina
• (H35.1) Retinopathy of prematurity — scarring and retinal detachment in premature babies
• (H35.3) Age-related macular degeneration — the photosensitive cells in the macula malfunction and over time cease to work
• (H35.3) Macular degeneration — loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration
  • Bull's Eye Maculopathy
• (H35.3) Epiretinal membrane — a transparent layer forms and tightens over the retina
• (H35.4) Peripheral retinal degeneration
• (H35.5) Hereditary retinal dystrophy
• (H35.5) Retinitis pigmentosa — genetic disorder; tunnel vision preceded by night-blindness
• (H35.6) Retinal haemorrhage
• (H35.7) Separation of retinal layers
  • Central serous retinopathy
  • Retinal detachment: Detachment of retinal pigment epithelium
• (H35.8) Other specified retinal disorders
• (H35.81) Macular edema — distorted central vision, due to a swollen macula
• (H35.9) Retinal disorder, unspecified ^[1]

• (H36.0) Diabetic retinopathy

• • (H40.1) Primary open-angle glaucoma
  • (H40.2) Primary angle-closure glaucoma
  • (H40.3) Primary Normal tension glaucoma

• (H43.0) Vitreous prolapse
  • Excludes: vitreous syndrome following cataract surgery (H59.0)
• (H43.1) Vitreous haemorrhage
• (H43.2) Crystalline deposits in vitreous body
• (H43.3) Other vitreous opacities
  • Vitreous membranes and strands
• (H43.8) Other disorders of vitreous body
  • Vitreous:
    • degeneration
    • detachment
    • Excludes: proliferative vitreo-retinopathy with retinal detachment (H33.4)
• (H43.9) Disorder of vitreous body, unspecified

Includes: disorders affecting multiple structures of eye

• (H44.0) Purulent endophthalmitis
  • Panophthalmitis
  • Vitreous abscess
• (H44.1) Other endophthalmitis
  • Parasitic endophthalmitis NOS
  • Sympathetic uveitis
• (H44.2) Degenerative myopia
• (H44.3) Other degenerative disorders of globe
  • Chalcosis
  • Siderosis of eye
• (H44.4) Hypotony of eye
• (H44.5) Degenerated conditions of globe
  • Absolute glaucoma
  • Atrophy of globe
  • Phthisis bulbi
• (H44.6) Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, magnetic
  • Retained (old) magnetic foreign body (in):
    • anterior chamber
    • ciliary body
    • iris
    • lens
    • posterior wall of globe
    • vitreous body
• (H44.7) Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, nonmagnetic
  • Retained (nonmagnetic)(old) foreign body (in):
    • anterior chamber
    • ciliary body
    • iris
    • lens
    • posterior wall of globe
    • vitreous body
• (H44.8) Other disorders of globe
  • Haemophthalmos
  • Luxation of globe
• (H44.9) Disorder of globe, unspecified

• (H45.0) Vitreous haemorrhage in diseases classified elsewhere
• (H45.1) Endophthalmitis in diseases classified elsewhere
  • Endophthalmitis in:
    • cysticercosis
    • onchocerciasis
    • toxocariasis
• (H45.8) Other disorders of vitreous body and globe in diseases classified elsewhere^[3]

• (H47.2) Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy — genetic disorder; loss of central vision,.
• (H47.3) Optic disc drusen — globules progressively calcify in the optic disc, compressing the vascularization and optic nerve fibers

• (H49-H50) Strabismus (Crossed eye/Wandering eye/Walleye) — the eyes do not point in the same direction
  • (H49.3-4) Ophthalmoparesis — the partial or total paralysis of the eye muscles
  • (H49.4) Progressive external ophthaloplegia — weakness of the external eye muscles
  • (H50.0, H50.3) Esotropia — the tendency for eyes to become cross-eyed
  • (H50.1, H50.3) Exotropia — the tendency for eyes to look outward
• H52 Disorders of refraction and accommodation
  • (H52.0) Hypermetropia (Farsightedness) — the inability to focus on near objects (and in extreme cases, any objects)
  • (H52.1) Myopia (Nearsightedness) — distant objects appear blurred
  • (H52.2) Astigmatism — the cornea or the lens of the eye is not perfectly spherical, resulting in different focal points in different planes
  • (H52.3) Anisometropia — the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths
  • (H52.4) Presbyopia — a condition that occurs with growing age and results in the inability to focus on close objects
  • (H52.5) Disorders of accommodation
    • Internal ophthalmoplegia

• (H53.0) Amblyopia (lazy eye) — poor or blurry vision due to either no transmission or poor transmission of the visual image to the brain
• (H53.0) Leber's congenital amaurosis — genetic disorder; appears at birth, characterised by sluggish or no pupillary responses
• (H53.1, H53.4) Scotoma (blind spot) — an area impairment of vision surrounded by a field of relatively well-preserved vision. See also Anopsia.
• (H53.5) Color blindness — the inability to perceive differences between some or all colors that other people can distinguish
  • (H53.5) Achromatopsia / Maskun — a low cone count or lack of function in cone cells
• (H53.6) Nyctalopia (Night blindness) — a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark
• (H54) Blindness — the brain does not receive optical information, through various causes
  • (H54/B73) River blindness — blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies)
  • (H54.9) Micropthalmia/coloboma — a disconnection between the optic nerve and the brain and/or spinal cord

• (H57.9) Red eye — conjunctiva appears red typically due to illness or injury
• (H58.0) Argyll Robertson pupil — small, unequal, irregularly shaped pupils

The following are not classified as diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H59) by the World Health Organization:^[4]

• (B36.1) Keratomycosis — fungal infection of the cornea
• (E50.6-E50.7) Xerophthalmia — dry eyes, caused by vitamin A deficiency
• (Q13.1) Aniridia — a rare congenital eye condition leading to underdevelopment or even absence of the iris of the eye

Please see the References section below for the complete listing of information.

• EyeWiki: The Eye Encyclopedia written by Eye Physicians & Surgeons (American Academy of Ophthalmology)
• International Statistical Classification of Diseases (WHO ICD-10) — Diseases of the eye and adnexa (ICD-10 codes H00-H59)