Garde communale

Garde Communale
Garde Communale
الحرس البلدي
Active	3 August 1996–31 October 2012
Country	Algeria
Allegiance	Algerian People's National Armed Forces
Type	Paramilitary
Role	Counter-insurgency - Counter-terrorism
Size	95 000
Engagements	Algerian Civil War

In Algeria, the Garde Communale (Arabic: الحرس البلدي), was a paramilitary troop in charge of monitoring and protecting the municipalities during the Algerian Civil War.^[1]^[2]

Creation

The Garde Communale was created in 1996 as an auxiliary force by the Algerian government, under the impetus of the Algerian People's National Armed Forces authority. It played a significant role counter-terrorism warfare against armed Islamist groups.^[3]^[4]

History

During the Algerian Civil War, the Algerian Army forces responsible for the security of the country in the big cities and the communes, were confronted with surging terrorist attacks which caused many losses in their ranks.^[5]

The military authorities, eager to relieve the army, which practically alone bore the weight of the anti-guerrilla warfare, decided, jointly with the Ministry of the Interior, to create a communal guard on 3 August 1996.^[6]

To do this, they recruit from the same pool as the guerrilla factions and local armed bands. Young people from the former Islamic Salvation Front join the municipal guard, by political calculation or by necessity. In the difficult economic situation of young people, a job in security is a godsend.^[7]

The recruits were supervised by the Gendarmerie Nationale and received an accelerated training of two months, wore the uniform and were paid, the government was able to offer them advantages such as housing and cars, but remained suspicious and did not entrust them with more sophisticated weaponry.^[8]^[9]

The Garde Communale was placed under the authority of the mayors of the DEC (Communal Executive Delegation) and the walis (prefects) and integrated into the new anti-guerrilla fight system, the communal guard succeeded in securing reconquered urban areas and allowing the army counter-terrorist corps to undertake its first attacks against the Armed Islamic Group maquis in 1994.^[10]

Members of the communal guard did not leave city centers in their early stages, and were only ever operational inside urban centers.^[11]

The Garde Communale was sometimes employed in search operations against armed Islamist groups in the mountains.^[12]