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Kluczynski Federal Building

Kluczynski Federal Building
The Chicago Federal Center designed by Mies van der Rohe includes the John C. Kluczynski Federal Building, at right.
Map
General information
Typegovernment offices and courts
Location230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, Illinois 60603
Coordinates41°52′42″N 87°37′48″W / 41.8784°N 87.6299°W / 41.8784; -87.6299
Construction started1960
Completed1974
OwnerGeneral Services Administration
Height
Roof562 ft (171 m)
Technical details
Floor count1 to 42
Floor area1,135,743 sq ft (105,514.0 m2)
Design and construction
Architect(s)Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Schmidt, Garden and Erikson; C. F. Murphy Associates; A. Epstein and Sons

The John C. Kluczynski Federal Building is a skyscraper in the downtown Chicago Loop located at 230 South Dearborn Street. The 45-story structure was designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and completed in 1974 as the last portion of the new Federal Center. It is 562 feet (171 m) tall and with the Mies designed post office and plaza stands on the site previously occupied by the Chicago Federal Building by the architect Henry Ives Cobb. It was named in honor of U.S. Congressman John C. Kluczynski, who represented Illinois's 5th congressional district from 1951 to 1975 after his death that year.[1] This is one of three buildings by van der Rohe in the Federal Center Plaza complex: the others are the Loop Station Post Office and the Everett McKinley Dirksen United States Courthouse.

The John C. Kluczynski Building is constructed of a steel frame and contains 1,200,000 sq ft (110,000 m2) of space. The exterior is sheathed in bronze-tinted glass set into bright aluminum frames. Beneath the windows are steel spandrel panels painted flat black and windows are separated horizontally by steel mullions of projecting steel I-beams also painted black. The two-story lobby is recessed allowing for a colonnade or pilotis to encircle the building at street level. The interior walls and floors of the lobby are covered in granite which extends to the plaza. The lobby contains several commemorative tablets which were removed from the previous building.

The entire complex is based on a 28 ft (8.5 m) grid pattern so that seams of the granite pavers in the plaza extend into the building lobbies and up the sides to create unity among the three structures.[1] The Center is similar to Mies' earlier Toronto-Dominion Centre and was expanded in 1991 with the addition of the 28-story Metcalfe Federal Building to the south across Jackson Boulevard.[2]

On August 28, 1996, eleven people were arrested while demonstrating at the building.[3]

In 2009, GSA undertook a major project to improve energy efficiency which included solar film on windows, LED lighting, upgraded HVAC and other mechanical systems. After the work, the building received a LEED Silver certification.[4]

Alexander Calder's sculpture Flamingo, a 53-foot (16 m) red steel sculpture, was unveiled on the plaza October 24, 1974.[5] The sculpture was conserved and restored in 1998.[6] The plaza is also the site of a weekly farmers' market during the spring and summer seasons, open to the community.

Federal agencies in the building include the Air Force Recruiting Service, the Department of State Passport Agency, Department of Labor, Internal Revenue Service, Office of Personnel Management, Consumer Product Safety Commission, General Services Administration and offices for both the U.S. senators from Illinois, Richard "Dick" Durbin and Tammy Duckworth.[5]

Following his election as president on November 4, 2008, Barack Obama established his administration's transitional offices in the federal building, prompting heightened security measures in the surrounding area.[7]

Position in Chicago's skyline

The skyline of a city with many large skyscrapers; in the foreground is a green park and a lake with many sailboats moored on it. Over 30 of the skyscrapers and some park features are labeled.311 South WackerWillis TowerChicago Board of Trade Building111 South WackerAT&T Corporate CenterKluczynski Federal Building333 South WabashChase TowerThree First National PlazaMid-Continental PlazaRichard J. Daley CenterChicago Title and Trust Center77 West WackerPittsfield BuildingLeo Burnett BuildingThe Heritage at Millennium ParkCrain Communications BuildingIBM PlazaOne Prudential PlazaTwo Prudential PlazaAon CenterBlue Cross and Blue Shield Tower340 on the ParkPark TowerOlympia Centre900 North Michigan875 North Michigan AvenueWater Tower PlaceHarbor PointThe ParkshoreNorth Pier ApartmentsLake Point TowerJay Pritzker PavilionBuckingham FountainLake MichiganLake MichiganLake Michigan

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Building Overview". General Services Administration. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
  2. ^ Gee, Marcus (May 1, 2015). "Five things the TD Centre can teach us about how to build Toronto". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Retrieved November 22, 2021.
  3. ^ "The Federal Protective Service arrested 11 protesters Wednesday in...", United Press International, August 28, 1996, retrieved November 19, 2022
  4. ^ Henderson, Audrey (September 16, 2020). "For Chicago's architectural landmarks, retrofits must balance efficiency, integrity". Energy News Network. Retrieved November 22, 2021.
  5. ^ a b "John C. Kluczynski Federal Building and U.S. Post Office, Loop Station". General Services Administration. September 26, 2010. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
  6. ^ "Recoating Calder's Flamingo". SculptureConservation.com. 2002. Archived from the original on 2011-05-16. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
  7. ^ Thomas, Charles (November 11, 2008). "Agents Secure Obama's Offices". WLS News. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
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