Krems an der Donau

Krems an der Donau
Krems an der Donau
Statutory city
	View of Krems
	Flag Coat of arms
	Krems an der Donau Location within Lower Austria Krems an der Donau Location within Austria
	Coordinates: 48°25′N 15°37′E / 48.417°N 15.617°E
Country	Austria
State	Lower Austria
District	Statutory city
Town rights	1305
Government
• Mayor	Reinhard Resch (SPÖ)
Area
• Statutory city	51.66 km2 (19.95 sq mi)
Elevation	203 m (666 ft)
Population (2018-01-01)
• Statutory city	24,610
• Density	465/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
• Urban	c. 50,000
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	3500, 3506 (Krems-Süd)
Area code	02732, 02739 (Krems-Süd)
License plate	KS
Website	www.krems.at

Krems an der Donau (German pronunciation: [ˈkʁɛms ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈdoːnaʊ̯], lit. 'Krems on the Danube') is a town with 25,271 inhabitants end 2022 in Austria, in the federal state of Lower Austria. It is the fifth-largest city of Lower Austria and is approximately 70 kilometres (43 miles) west of Vienna. Krems is a city with its own statute (or Statutarstadt), and therefore it is both a municipality and a district.

Geography

Krems is located at the confluence of the Krems and Danube Rivers at the eastern end of Wachau valley, in the southern Waldviertel.

Krems borders the following municipalities: Stratzing, Langenlois, Rohrendorf bei Krems, Gedersdorf, Traismauer, Nußdorf ob der Traisen, Paudorf, Furth bei Göttweig, Mautern an der Donau, Dürnstein, and Senftenberg.

History

Krems was first mentioned in 995 in a certificate of Otto III,^[3] but settlement was apparent even before then. For example, a child's grave, over 27,000 years old, was found here. This is the oldest grave found in Austria.

During the 11th and 12th centuries, Chremis, as it was then called, was almost as large as Vienna.

At the end of the Thirty Years' War, Swedish troops captured Krems in 1645 during their invasion of Lower Austria. The city was recaptured by Imperial troops under Hans Christoph von Puchheim and Johann Wilhelm von Hunolstein on 5 May 1646.^[4]

Krems is the primary producer of Marillenschnaps, an apricot brandy. It is also the hometown of Martin Johann Schmidt, called "Kremserschmidt", the leading painter, draughtsman and etcher of the Austrian late Baroque.

City division

Innenstadt (Inner City)
Weinzierl
Mitterau
Stein
Egelsee
Rehberg
Am Steindl
Gneixendorf
Lerchenfeld
Krems-Süd (South Krems)

Population development

The population (with principal residence status) in the agglomeration was about 50,000 at the end of 2010.

Climate

Climate data for Krems
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	16.8 (62.2)	21.1 (70.0)	24.9 (76.8)	27.8 (82.0)	31.6 (88.9)	36.8 (98.2)	36.0 (96.8)	36.5 (97.7)	33.5 (92.3)	27.2 (81.0)	23.5 (74.3)	16.1 (61.0)	36.8 (98.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	3.1 (37.6)	5.1 (41.2)	10.2 (50.4)	15.3 (59.5)	20.6 (69.1)	23.3 (73.9)	25.8 (78.4)	25.5 (77.9)	20.4 (68.7)	14.5 (58.1)	7.5 (45.5)	3.7 (38.7)	14.6 (58.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−0.6 (30.9)	0.8 (33.4)	4.9 (40.8)	9.3 (48.7)	14.6 (58.3)	17.6 (63.7)	19.5 (67.1)	18.9 (66.0)	14.3 (57.7)	8.9 (48.0)	3.7 (38.7)	0.7 (33.3)	9.4 (48.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−3.2 (26.2)	−2.5 (27.5)	0.8 (33.4)	4.5 (40.1)	9.0 (48.2)	12.0 (53.6)	13.8 (56.8)	13.4 (56.1)	9.7 (49.5)	4.9 (40.8)	0.8 (33.4)	−2.1 (28.2)	5.1 (41.2)
Record low °C (°F)	−22.8 (−9.0)	−20.0 (−4.0)	−18.1 (−0.6)	−4.7 (23.5)	−0.2 (31.6)	1.3 (34.3)	5.7 (42.3)	4.8 (40.6)	0.6 (33.1)	−7.9 (17.8)	−16.3 (2.7)	−22.7 (−8.9)	−22.8 (−9.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	17.3 (0.68)	21.0 (0.83)	27.4 (1.08)	37.5 (1.48)	58.2 (2.29)	80.2 (3.16)	79.8 (3.14)	62.0 (2.44)	45.5 (1.79)	28.3 (1.11)	33.6 (1.32)	24.9 (0.98)	515.7 (20.3)
Average snowfall cm (inches)	8.3 (3.3)	7.5 (3.0)	6.2 (2.4)	0.2 (0.1)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	4.2 (1.7)	6.8 (2.7)	33.2 (13.1)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	5.0	5.1	5.8	6.5	9.0	9.9	9.6	8.4	6.9	5.0	7.2	6.0	84.4
Average snowy days (≥ 1.0 cm)	10.1	6.9	2.6	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.8	6.2	27.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours	55.3	88.8	127.4	171.5	219.6	214.2	238.5	234.9	157.3	120.9	53.9	41.9	1,724.2
Source: Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics^[5]

Main sights

View of Stein (from the left to the right: Frauenbergkirche, Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus, Minoritenkirche)

Old town

Bürgerspitalkirche
Dominikanerkirche
Dreifaltigkeitssäule
Göglhaus
Gozzoburg
Großes Sgraffitohaus
Pfarrkirche St. Veit
Piaristenkirche
Pulverturm
Rathaus
Simandlbrunnen
Steiner Tor: The gate, erected in 1480, is the second remaining medieval gate

Outside the Old Town

Frauenbergkirche
Göttweigerhofkapelle
Großer Passauerhof
Karikaturmuseum Krems
Kloster Und
Kremser Tor
Kunsthalle Krems
Forum Frohner
Landesgalerie Niederösterreich^[6]
Linzer Tor
Mauthaus
Minoritenkirche
Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus
Salzstadl
University Krems

Transport

The city's main railway station is a junction of the Franz-Josefs Railway to Vienna, the Kremser Railway to St. Pölten, the Donauufer Railway to Spitz and the regional railway to Horn. It is at the intersection of the Stockerauer Speedway S5 and the Kremser Speedway S33, and is traversed by the Danube Road B3, the Retzer Road B35, the Kremser Road B37 and the Langenloiser Road B218. Krems is a junction of the Wieselbus bus lines, which provides radial connections between Sankt Pölten and the different regions of Lower Austria.

Main Roads

Stockerauer Schnellstraße (S5) from Krems to Vienna
Kremser Schnellstraße (S33) from Krems to St. Pölten
Donau Straße (B3) from Krems to Linz
Aggsteiner Straße (B33) from Krems to Melk
- Aggsteiner Straße (B33a) from Krems to Mautern an der Donau
Retzer Straße (B35) from Krems to Retz
Kremser Straße (B37) from Krems to Rastenfeld
- Kremser Straße (B37a) from Krems to Traismauer
Langenloiser Straße (B218) from Krems to Langenlois

Railroad

Franz-Josefs-Bahn from Krems to Vienna
Kremser Bahn from Krems to St. Pölten
Donauuferbahn from Krems to Spitz
Kamptalbahn from Krems to Sigmundsherberg

Air traffic

Gneixendorf airfield is a small general aviation airport.

In the city

A network of four bus lines operates at regular intervals within the city. Every summer, a tourist train connects the ancient parts of the city with museums, the central railway station and the passenger ship terminal of Krems.

Politics

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 40 members and since the municipal elections in 2017 it consists of the following parties:

19 Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) – the mayor and the first vice mayor
8 Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) – the second vice mayor
5 Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ)
2 KLS
1 Austrian Green Party
1 PROKS

Municipal elections in Krems were held, at the same time as the Austrian legislative election, 2017 on 15 October 2017.

City's senate

The city's senate consists of 10 members:

SPÖ: 5 members
ÖVP: 4 members
FPÖ: 1 members

Public facilities

Educational facilities

BHAK/BHAS Krems
Bundesgymnasium Piaristen
Bundesgymnasium Rechte Kremszeile
Bundesreal- and Bundesoberstufenrealgymnasium (BORG) Krems Heinemannstraße
Bundesrealgymnasium Krems Ringstraße
Danube Private University
University for Continuing Education Krems
Adult education centre
HLA/HLW Krems
HLF Krems
HTBL Krems
IMC Fachhochschule Krems (University of Applied Sciences)
Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften
Oberstufenrealgymnasium Englische Fräulein
School of education

Prison

Justizanstalt Stein is a prison housing some of Austria's worst offenders.

Leisure and sports sites

Swimming is available at Kremser Strandbad (indoor swimming pool) and outdoor.

Football – Kremser SC
Ice hockey – KEV Eagles
Miniature golf
Rugby Club Krems
Skatepark
Team handball – Union Handballklub Krems
Union Badminton Krems

Wilhelm Miklas, 3rd President of Austria

Notable people

Ava (ca.1060–1127), poet, the first named female writer in the German language; she lived in Krems
Margaret of Austria (1204–1266), German queen, (1225-1235) & Queen of Bohemia, (1253-1260).
Johann Georg Schmidt (1685–1748), called the "Wiener Schmidt", an Austrian Baroque painter, he died in Krems
Martin Johann Schmidt (1718–1801), called the "Kremser Schmidt", painter of the Austrian Rococo, he died in Krems
Michael Wutky (1739–1822), an Austrian landscape painter in the Rococo style
Ludwig Guttenbrunn (1750–1819), an Austrian artist of portraits and history painting.
Vinzenz Eduard Milde (1777–1853), Dean of Krems and Archbishop of Vienna, pastor of Krems and teacher at the former Piarist Gymnasium Krems, (DE Wiki).^[7]
Ludwig Ritter von Köchel (1800–1877), an Austrian musicologist, writer, composer, botanist and publisher.
Franz Schneider (1812–1897), physician and chemist
Eduard Melly, (DE Wiki) (1814-1854), art historian, politician and numismatist
Johann Nordmann (1820–1887), journalist, travel writer and poet
Wilhelm Gause (1853–1916), painter, he died in Krems
Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944), photochemist and pioneer of Picture & Photography
Julius Ernest Wilhelm Fučík (1872–1916) composer and conductor; military musician in Krems, 1891-1894
Wilhelm Miklas (1872–1956), politician (CS) and the third President of the 1st Republic, 1928-1938
Josef Meller, (DE Wiki) (1874–1968), university professor of ophthalmology
Josef Bayer, (DE Wiki) (1882–1931), director of Natural History Museum, Vienna, helped find Venus of Willendorf
Fritz Dworschak (1890–1974), an Austrian numismatist, art historian and museum director
Rudolf Redlinghofer (1900–1940), Conscientious objector, Nazi victim, beheaded in 1940, now rehabilitated
Peter B. Neubauer (1913–2008), child psychiatrist and psychoanalyst
Wolfgang Kummer, (DE Wiki) (1935–2007), physicist
Dagmar Braun Celeste (born 1941), an American counselor, author and former first lady of Ohio
Ulrike Lunacek (born 1957), journalist and politician (Green)
Robert Streibel, (born 1959), historian, writer and poet.

Sport

Gregor Hradetzky, (1909–1984), organ builder and canoeist, two gold medals at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Marko Stankovic, (born 1986), football player, played 371 games
Lukas Thürauer (born 1987), Austrian footballer who has played over 340 games