October 1926 Air Union Blériot 155 crash

October 1926 Air Union Blériot 155 crash
	Blériot 155 F-AICQ Clement Ader, the accident aircraft.
Accident
Date	2 October 1926
Summary	In-flight fire
Site	Leigh, Kent ; 51°13′02″N 0°11′49″E / 51.21722°N 0.19694°E; TQ 535 487
Aircraft
Aircraft type	Blériot 155
Aircraft name	Clement Ader
Operator	Air Union
Registration	F-AICQ
Flight origin	Le Bourget Airport, Paris, France
Destination	Croydon Airport, Croydon, United Kingdom
Occupants	7
Passengers	5
Crew	2
Fatalities	7
Survivors	0

The October 1926 Air Union Blériot 155 crash happened on 2 October 1926 at Leigh, Kent when Blériot 155 F-AICQ caught fire in mid-air and crashed while the pilot attempted to make an emergency landing at Penshurst Airfield. Both crew members and all five passengers were killed. This was the first in-flight fire occurring on an airliner.^{[not verified in body]}

Aircraft

The accident aircraft was Blériot 155 registration F-AICQ Clement Ader, c/n 1. The aircraft had been registered to Compagnie Air Union in May 1926.^[1] The only other aircraft of this type had crashed two months earlier.^{[citation needed]}

Accident

On 2 October 1926, the aircraft departed Le Bourget Airport, Paris at 1:30 pm local time (12:30 pm GMT) bound for Croydon Airport. On board were the pilot and his mechanic, two male and three female passengers and 1,800 pounds (820 kg) of cargo, consisting of motor spares and furs.^[2]

At 3:24 pm GMT, the pilot radioed ahead to Croydon "OK, passing over Tonbridge. All well." At 3:27 pm, eyewitnesses reported seeing the aircraft with the port upper engine on fire. The fire was seen to spread to the wing and the aircraft changed direction, evidently heading for Penshurst Airfield. Eyewitnesses described the tail of the aircraft sinking whilst the aircraft gained a little height.^[2] Then the aircraft rolled over and dived to the ground where the wreckage was consumed by fire.^[3] The aircraft crashed in the grounds of a house named Southwood, in Leigh, Kent.^[2]

Three members of the public and a policeman attempted to rescue the passengers and crew on board the aircraft. One female passenger was pulled from the wreckage but discovered to be dead. The pilot had been thrown clear in the crash and killed. The mechanic and the other four passengers were all killed instantly and trapped in the burning wreckage. During the rescue attempts, a petrol [oil] tank exploded and the wreckage was left to burn itself out.^[2]

The victims were removed to the coach-house of Southwood, where a temporary morgue was set up. The smouldering wreckage was guarded overnight by the local police and an official from the Air Ministry arrived the next morning to begin his investigation into the crash. Around 6,000 sightseers came to see the wreckage, their presence causing congestion in the narrow lanes and necessitating the area being cordoned off so that the investigators could carry out their work and also to prevent contamination of the evidence.^[2]

The inquest was held on 5 October at The Priory, Hildenborough. Representatives from British national newspapers attended, as well as those from elsewhere. Evidence heard covered two areas; the identity of the victims and the cause of the crash. The jury were informed that they might make any recommendations that they saw fit. A doctor gave evidence that all the victims had suffered multiple fractures, and that death would have occurred within a short time of the accident. The aircraft had been inspected before the flight, and a certificate issued by Bureau Veritas showing that it was fit for flight. The pilot was experienced, with over 2,000 hours flying time,^[2] and had been in the employ of Air Union since 1920.^[4] He had made 61 return flights between Paris and London. On being questioned, Major Cooper of the Air Ministry stated that there had never been a previous case of an airliner catching fire in the air. The jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death" against all seven victims. The behaviour of the spectators was deplored by both jury and coroner.^[2]

Casualties

Nationality	Crew	Passengers	Total
English	–	5	5^[2]
French	2	–	2^[2]
Total	2	5	7^[2]

References

^ "FRENCH PRE-WAR REGISTER Version 270609" (PDF). Air Britain. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "Appalling Air Liner Disaster". Tonbridge Free Press. No. 10 October 1926. p. 10.
^ "Another Cross-Channel Air Service Disaster". Flight. No. 7 October 1926. p. 665.
^ "Kent Air Crash – Cause still a mystery – First accident of its kind". The Times. No. 44395. London. 6 October 1926. col B, p. 9.