POLR2A

POLR2A
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2GHQ, 2GHT, 2LTO, 3D9K, 3D9L, 3D9M, 3D9N, 3D9O, 3D9P, 4JXT, 5IY9, 5IYA, 5IYC, 5IYB, 5IY7, 5IY8, 5IYD, 5IY6
Identifiers
Aliases	POLR2A, POLR2, POLRA, RPB1, RPBh1, RPO2, RPOL2, RpIILS, hRPB220, hsRPB1, polymerase (RNA) II subunit A, RNA polymerase II subunit A, NEDHIB
External IDs	OMIM: 180660; MGI: 98086; HomoloGene: 721; GeneCards: POLR2A; OMA:POLR2A - orthologs
EC number	2.7.7.48
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	7,514,616 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	69,649,463 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right testis; ; left testis; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; mucosa of esophagus; ; skin of leg; ; right adrenal cortex; ; right uterine tube; ; Pituitary Gland; ; left adrenal gland; ; skin of abdomen;
	Top expressed in
	neural layer of retina; ; tail of embryo; ; genital tubercle; ; epiblast; ; ventricular zone; ; internal carotid artery; ; Ileal epithelium; ; tracheobronchial tree; ; external carotid artery; ; perirhinal cortex;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; DNA binding; nucleotidyltransferase activity; RNA polymerase II activity; metal ion binding; RNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity; DNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity; protein binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; RNA binding; protein C-terminus binding; promoter-specific chromatin binding;
Cellular component	Prp19 complex; nucleolus; RNA polymerase II, core complex; nucleus; nucleoplasm; cytoplasm;
Biological process	mRNA splicing, via spliceosome; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; somatic stem cell population maintenance; DNA-templated transcription, termination; transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter; 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping; transcription by RNA polymerase II; transcription, RNA-templated; positive regulation of RNA splicing; positive regulation of viral transcription; transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; snRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II; fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; transcription, DNA-templated; RNA metabolic process; regulation of gene silencing by miRNA;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5430
	20020
	ENSG00000284832; ENSG00000181222
	ENSMUSG00000005198
	P24928
	P08775
	NM_000937
	NM_009089; NM_001291068
	NP_000928
	NP_001277997
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1, also known as RPB1, is an enzyme that is encoded by the POLR2A gene in humans.

Function

This gene encodes the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. The product of this gene contains a carboxy terminal domain composed of heptapeptide repeats that are essential for polymerase activity. These repeats contain serine and threonine residues that are phosphorylated in actively transcribing RNA polymerase. In addition, this subunit, in combination with several other polymerase subunits, forms the DNA-binding domain of the polymerase, a groove in which the DNA template is transcribed into RNA.^[5]