Route 109 is a Quebec provincial highway that runs through the western regions of Abitibi-Témiscamingue and Nord-du-Québec. It begins at Route 117 in Rivière-Héva, proceeding north approximately 59 km (36.7 mi) to Amos. From there, the highway extends 182 km (113.1 mi) to Matagami, where the road continues northwards as James Bay Road (French: Route de la Baie James). It is now classified as a municipal road, but the James Bay Road was part of Route 109 until 2002. Consequently, some maps may still identify it as such.
The 182 km section of Route 109 between Saint-Dominique-du-Rosaire and Matagami winds through complete wilderness. No services exist at all there, but extensive logging takes place along the section.
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