Romanian communist politician (1914–1997)
Simion Bughici (b. Simon David,[ 1] December 14, 1914 – February 1, 1997) was a Romanian communist politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania .[ 2]
Life and career
Bughici was born in Iași to a Jewish family of klezmer musicians; his father and two brothers perished during the June 1941 Iași pogrom . He joined the banned Communist Party of Romania in 1933. He worked as a weaver at the Adriana factory in Iași, and was active in communist organizations in the Bistrița , Trotuș , and Prahova Valley regions. In 1935 he was arrested and sentenced to 5 years of prison by the Brașov tribunal; held at Doftana Prison , he was released in 1940. Soon after he was re-arrested and sent to the Caracal and Târgu Jiu internment camps .[ 3] During World War II , Bughici was imprisoned at Vapniarka concentration camp in Transnistria .[ 3] [ 4] In March 1944 he escaped during the transfer from the Grosulovo camp to Târgu Jiu.[ 3]
After the installation of Communist rule , Bughici served as an Ambassador of Romania to Soviet Union in 1949–1952. In July 1952, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania , replacing Ana Pauker , who was sacked by the communist leadership aided by Joseph Stalin .[ 5] [ 6] The appointment of Bughici disassociated Pauker's downfall from the anti-Semitism widely seen in Eastern Europe at the time.[ 7] Bughici served as minister until October 1955. During his political career, he also served as the Vice Prime Minister of Romania .[ 8] Other offices that he held were that of head of Centrocoop, Minister of the Food Industry and vice president of the Communist Party Control Commission (Colegiul Central de Partid) (1969–1974).[ 9] [ 10] He served as a deputy in the Great National Assembly for several constituencies from 1948 to 1975.[ 3]
In 1971, Bughici was awarded the Order of the Star of the Romanian Socialist Republic , First class.[ 3] [ 10] He was married to Ana Friedman, a history teacher and school principal.
See also
References
^ "Comitetul Central al P.C.R. Colegiul Central de Partid - litera A, Prefață" (PDF) (in Romanian). arhivelenationale.ro. Retrieved December 6, 2013 .
^ "Leaders of Romania" . Archived from the original on 2012-09-12. Retrieved 2010-08-20 .
^ a b c d e Dobre, Florica, ed. (2004), Membrii C.C. al P.C.R. 1945–1989. Dicționar (PDF) (in Romanian), Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedică, pp. 116–117, ISBN 973450486X
^ Tismăneanu, Vladimir (2003). Stalinism for all seasons: a political history of Romanian communism . United States: The Regents of the University of California. p. 131. ISBN 0-520-23747-1 . Retrieved 2010-08-20 .
^ From the research departments of Radio Free Europe: East Europe. Situation report. Rumania, Volume 4 . 1967. Retrieved 2010-08-20 .
^ Deletant, Dennis (1995). Ceaușescu and the Securitate: coercion and dissent in Romania, 1965–1989 . United States: M. E. Sharpe . p. 47. ISBN 1-56324-633-3 . Retrieved 2010-08-20 .
^ Levy, Robert (2001). Ana Pauker: the rise and fall of a Jewish Communist . United States: The Regents of the University of California. p. 301 . ISBN 1-56324-633-3 . Retrieved 2010-08-20 . Simion Bughici.
^ "Foreign Affairs Commission" . Retrieved 2010-08-20 .
^ "Cine a fost Nicu Ceaușescu? Ispita comunismului dinastic (II)" . www.contributors.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved December 6, 2013 .
^ a b "Decretul nr. 157/1971 privind conferirea unor ordine ale Republicii Socialiste România" . Lege5.ro (in Romanian). Buletinul Oficial. Retrieved May 11, 2024 .