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United States at the 1968 Summer Olympics

United States at the
1968 Summer Olympics
IOC codeUSA
(EUA used at these Games)
NOCUnited States Olympic Committee
in Mexico City
Competitors357 (274 men and 83 women) in 18 sports
Flag bearerJanice-Lee Romary
Medals
Ranked 1st
Gold
45
Silver
28
Bronze
34
Total
107
Summer Olympics appearances (overview)
Other related appearances
1906 Intercalated Games

The United States competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. 357 competitors, 274 men and 83 women, took part in 167 events in 18 sports.[1]

Medalists

The United States finished first in the final medal rankings, with 45 gold and 107 total medals.

The following U.S. competitors won medals at the games. In the discipline sections below, the medalists' names are bolded.

a Athletes who participated in the heats only.

Athletics

Key

  • Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
  • Q = Qualified for the next round
  • q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target

Track and road events
Men

Athlete Event Heat Quarterfinal Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Charles Greene 100 m 10.09 1 Q 10.02 1 Q 10.13 1 Q 10.07 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Jim Hines 10.26 1 Q 10.14 2 Q 10.08 1 Q 9.95 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Mel Pender 10.35 2 Q 10.16 2 Q 10.21 4 Q 10.17 6
John Carlos 200 m 20.54 1 Q 20.69 1 Q 20.12 OR 1 Q 20.10 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Larry Questad 20.75 1 Q 20.57 2 Q 20.48 3 Q 20.62 6
Tommie Smith 20.37 1 Q 20.28 1 Q 20.14 1 Q 19.83 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Lee Evans 400 m 45.40 1 Q 45.54 2 Q 44.83 OR 1 Q 43.86 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ron Freeman 45.67 3 Q 45.31 1 Q 45.47 2 Q 44.41 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Larry James 45.83 3 Q 45.77 2 Q 44.88 2 Q 43.97 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Wade Bell 800 m 1:51.5 5 Did not advance
Tom Farrell 1:47.9 2 Q 1:46.1 4 Q 1:45.4 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Ron Kutschinski 1:47.6 3 q 1:47.3 5 Did not advance
Marty Liquori 1500 m 3:52.78 1 Q 3:52.17 4 Q 4:18.22 12
Jim Ryun 3:45.80 1 Q 3:51.25 1 Q 3:37.89 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Tom Von Ruden 3:59.15 1 Q 3:54.12 3 Q 3:49.27 9
Jack Bacheler 5000 m 14:31.0 4 Q DNS
Bob Day 14:23.2 6 Did not advance
Lou Scott 15:13.6 11 Did not advance
Tom Laris 10,000 m 30:26.2 16
Van Nelson 31:40.2 28
Tracy Smith 30:14.6 11
Leon Coleman 110 m hurdles 13.77 1 Q 13.54 2 Q 13.67 4
Willie Davenport 13.65 1 Q 13.53 1 Q 13.33 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ervin Hall 13.75 1 Q 13.38 OR 1 Q 13.42 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Geoff Vanderstock 400 m hurdles 50.6 2 Q 49.2 2 Q 49.0 4
Ron Whitney 49.0 OR 1 Q 49.2 2 Q 49.2 6
Conrad Nightingale 3000 m steeplechase 9:13.23 6 Did not advance
Bill Reilly 9:10.35 5 Did not advance
George Young 9:01.49 2 Q 8:51.86 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Charles Greene
Jim Hines
Mel Pender
Ronnie Ray Smith
4 × 100 m relay 38.8 2 Q 38.6 2 Q 38.24 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Lee Evans
Ron Freeman
Larry James
Vincent Matthews
4 × 400 m relay 3:00.71 1 Q 2:56.10 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ron Daws Marathon 2:33:53 22
Kenny Moore 2:29:49 14
George Young 2:31:15 16
Tom Dooley 20 km walk 1:40:08 17
Rudy Haluza 1:35:00.2 4
Ron Laird 1:44:38 25
Goetz Klopfer 50 km walk 4:39:13.8 10
Dave Romansky 5:38:03.4 26
Larry Young 4:31:55.4 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Women

Athlete Event Heat Quarterfinal Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Margaret Bailes 100 m 11.2 1 Q 11.3 2 Q 11.5 3 Q 11.3 5
Barbara Ferrell 11.2 1 Q 11.1 1 Q 11.3 2 Q 11.1 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Wyomia Tyus 11.2 1 Q 11.0 1 Q 11.3 1 Q 11.0 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Margaret Bailes 200 m 23.1 2 Q 22.9 3 Q 23.1 7
Barbara Ferrell 22.9 1 Q 22.8 OR 1 Q 22.9 4
Wyomia Tyus 23.4 1 Q 23.1 2 Q 23.0 6
Lois Anne Drinkwater 400 m 54.5 4 Q 57.3 8 Did not advance
Jarvis Scott 53.5 2 Q 53.2 4 Q 52.7 6
Esther Stroy 53.5 2 Q 54.3 5 Did not advance
Doris Brown 800 m 2:09.5 2 Q 2:05.2 2 Q 2:03.9 5
Francie Kraker 2:07.3 5 Did not advance
Madeline Manning 2:08.7 1 Q 2:05.8 1 Q 2:00.9 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Judy Dyer 80 m hurdles 10.9 3 Q 10.8 6 Did not advance
Mamie Rallins 10.6 1 Q 10.6 5 Did not advance
Patty Van Wolvelaere 10.6 1 Q 10.6 2 Q 10.5 4
Margaret Bailes
Barbara Ferrell
Mildrette Netter
Wyomia Tyus
4 × 100 m relay 43.4 1 Q 42.88 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)

Field events
Men

Athlete Event Qualification Final
Result Rank Result Rank
Bob Beamon Long jump 8.19 2 Q 8.90 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ralph Boston 8.27 OR 1 Q 8.16 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Charles Mays 7.85 6 Q DNS
Dave Smith Triple jump 15.75 21 Did not advance
Norman Tate 15.84 17 Did not advance
Art Walker 16.49 3 Q 17.12 NAR 4
Reynaldo Brown High jump 2.12 9 q 2.14 5
Ed Caruthers 2.14 2 Q 2.22 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Dick Fosbury 2.14 1 Q 2.24 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Casey Carrigan Pole vault 4.60 20 Did not advance
John Pennel 4.90 1 Q 5.35 5
Bob Seagren 4.90 13 Q 5.40 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Dave Maggard Shot put 19.26 7 Q 19.43 5
Randy Matson' 20.68 OR 1 Q 20.57 1st place, gold medalist(s)
George Woods 19.79 3 Q 20.12 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Gary Carlsen Discus throw 60.36 3 Q 59.46 6
Al Oerter 59.36 6 Q 67.78 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Jay Silvester 63.34 OR 1 Q 61.78 5
Frank Covelli Javelin throw 73.04 21 Did not advance
Mark Murro 81.14 7 Q 80.08 9
Gary Stenlund 73.52 20 Did not advance
Ed Burke Hammer throw 67.36 10 Q 65.72 12
Hal Connolly 65.00 17 Did not advance
Albert Hall 65.70 14 Did not advance

Women

Athlete Event Qualification Final
Result Rank Result Rank
Martha Watson Long jump 6.30 12 q 6.20 10
Willye White 6.42 6 Q 6.08 11
Estelle Baskerville High jump NH Did not advance
Sharon Callahan 1.60 22 Did not advance
Eleanor Montgomery 1.68 19 Did not advance
Maren Seidler Shot put 14.86 11
Olga Connolly Discus throw 52.96 6
Carol Moseke 48.28 14
RaNae Bair Javelin throw 53.14 11
Barbara Friedrich 53.44 9

Combined event – Men's decathlon

Athlete Event {100 m LJ SP HJ 400 m 110 m H DT PV JT 1500 m Final Rank
Rick Sloan Result 11.2 6.72 14.07 2.10 51.0 15.5 45.58 4.85 49.90 4:44.0 7692 7
Points 756 761 733 942 762 797 792 1017 632 500
Bill Toomey Result 10.4 7.87 13.75 1.95 45.6 14.9 43.68 4.20 62.80 4:57.1 8193 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Points 959 994 712 813 1021 859 757 859 795 424
Tom Waddell Result 11.3 7.47 14.45 2.01 51.2 15.3 43.73 4.50 63.70 5:04.5 7719 6
Points 733 915 756 865 753 817 758 932 806 384

Combined event – Women's pentathlon

Athlete Event 80 m H SP HJ LJ 200 m Final Rank
Cathy Hamblin Result 11.9 10.66 1.50 5.72 25.3 4330 24
Points 904 761 836 924 905
Pat Winslow Result 11.4 13.33 1.65 5.97 24.5 4877 6
Points 979 943 996 982 977

Basketball

Summary

Team Event Preliminary round Semifinal / Pl. Final / BM / Cl.
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
United States men Men's tournament  Spain
W 81–46
 Senegal
W 93–36
 Philippines
W 96–75
 Yugoslavia
W 73–58
 Panama
W 95–60
 Italy
W 100–61
 Puerto Rico
W 61–56
1 Q  Brazil
W 75–63
 Yugoslavia
W 65–50
1st place, gold medalist(s)

Roster

Name [2] Position Height Weight Age Team/School Home Town
Mike Barrett G 6'2" 155 25 U.S. Armed Forces (West Virginia Tech) Richwood, West Virginia
John Clawson G 6'4" 200 24 U.S. Armed Forces (Michigan) Naperville, Illinois
Don Dee F 6'7" 205 25 St. Mary of the Plains Col. (KS) Kansas City, Missouri
Calvin Fowler G 6'1" 170 27 Goodyear Wingfoots (St. Francis) Akron, Ohio
Spencer Haywood C 6'8" 225 19 Trinidad State Junior College Detroit, Michigan
Bill Hosket F 6'8" 220 21 Ohio State University Dayton, Ohio
Jim King F 6'7" 200 25 Goodyear Wingfoots (Okla. St.) Akron, Ohio
Glynn Saulters G 6'2" 175 23 Northeast Louisiana University Lisbon, Louisiana
Charlie Scott F 6'5" 180 19 University of North Carolina New York, New York
Mike Silliman F 6'6" 225 23 U.S. Armed Forces (Military Acd.) Louisville, Kentucky
Ken Spain C 6'9" 240 22 University of Houston Houston, Texas
Jo Jo White G 6'3" 195 21 University of Kansas St. Louis, Missouri

The roster was led by future NBA All-Stars Haywood (19 years old) and White (21 years old), who led the team in scoring, with an average of 16.3 points and 11.7 points respectively.[3] Haywood was the youngest player to make the USA basketball team at the time.

USA Basketball also selected 6 alternates to the U.S. squad; Tom Black of the Goodyear Wingfoots, George Carter of the US Army, Joe Hamilton of Christian College of the Southwest (TX) Junior College, Dan Issel of the University of Kentucky, Rick Mount of Purdue University and Charlie Paulk of Northeastern Oklahoma College.[4]

Notably absent from the squad or the list of alternates were Pete Maravich, who led the NCAA in scoring during his sophomore season at LSU and would go on to set the NCAA career scoring record of 3,667 points, and reigning NCAA Champion and Player of the Year Lew Alcindor, who chose not to try out for the Olympic team in protest at the treatment of African Americans in the United States, stating that he was "trying to point out to the world the futility of winning the gold medal for this country and then coming back to live under oppression."[5] Some of other NCAA stars, such as Elvin Hayes, Wes Unseld, Bob Lanier and Calvin Murphy, were also absent. As such, the Americans were severely weakened.

Boxing

Athlete Event Round of 64 Round of 32 Round of 16 Quarterfinal Semifinal Final
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Harlan Marbley Light flyweight Bye  Temel (TUR)
W 5–0
 Ogun (NGR)
W 5–0
 Rodríguez (VEN)
L 1–4
Did not advance 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
David Vasquez Flyweight  Grasso (ITA)
W 3–2
 Rwabwogo (UGA)
L 2–3
Did not advance
Samuel Goss Bantamweight Bye  Gîju (ROU)
L 0–5
Did not advance
Al Robinson Featherweight  Cheshire (GBR)
W RSC
 Pelegrino (PHI)
W KO
 Kallaf Allah (RAU)
W 5–0
 Mihailov (BUL)
W 4–1
 Roldán (MEX)
L DSQ
2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Ronnie Harris Lightweight Bye  Lee (KOR)
W 5–0
 Stacey (GBR)
W 4–1
 Muruli (UGA)
W 5–0
 Cuțov (ROU)
W 5–0
 Grudzień (POL)
W 5–0
1st place, gold medalist(s)
Jim Wallington Light welterweight Bye  Cartagena (DOM)
W RSC
 Odhiambo (UGA)
W 5–0
 Kim (KOR)
W 5–0
 Regüeiferos (CUB)
L 1–4
Did not advance 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Armando Muñíz Welterweight Bye  Kasprzyk (POL)
W 4–1
 Hebeisen (SUI)
W 4–1
 Guilloti (ARG)
L 1–4
Did not advance
John Baldwin Light middleweight Bye  Stantien (TCH)
W 5–0
 Benítez (URU)
W 5–0
 Garbey (CUB)
L 1–4
Did not advance 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Alfred Jones Middleweight  Quiñones (PER)
W 5–0
 Marrero (CUB)
W 5–0
 Georgiev (BUL)
W 4–1
 Finnegan (GBR)
L 1–4
Did not advance 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Arthur Redden Light heavyweight Bye  Stankov (BUL)
L 1–4
Did not advance
George Foreman Heavyweight  Trela (POL)
W 4–1
 Alexe (ROU)
W RSC
 Bambini (ITA)
W KO
 Čepulis (URS)
W RSC
1st place, gold medalist(s)

Canoeing

Men

Athlete Event Heat Repechage Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Andreas Weigand C-1 1000 m 4:30.0 4 SF 4:37.11 3 QF 4:50.42 8
William Gates
Malcolm Hickox
C-2 1000 m 4:37.0 7 SF 4:33.49 6 Did not advance
John Glair K-1 1000 m 4:13.5 6 R 4:29.89 3 SF 4:08.31 4 Did not advance
Paul Beachem
Peter Weigand
K-2 1000 m 4:15.0 7 R 4:00.04 4 Did not advance
Lester Cutler
Ernst Heincke
Mervil Larson
John Pickett
K-4 1000 m 3:31.7 6 R 3:32.21 5 Did not advance

Women

Athlete Event Heat Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Marcia Smoke K-1 500 m 2:09.6 4 SF 2:12.67 1 QF 2:14.68 4
Sperry Rademaker
Marcia Smoke
K-2 500 m 2:08.9 4 SF 2:04.54 2 QF 2:02.97 7

Qualification Legend: QF = Qualify to final; SF = Qualify to semifinal; R = Qualify to repechage

Cycling

Fifteen cyclists represented the United States in 1968.

Road

Athlete Event Time Rank
Daniel Butler Road race DNF
David Chauner DNF
John Howard 4:52:45 44
Wes Wessberg DNF
John Allis
John Howard
Oliver Martin
Jim Van Boven
Team time trial 2:24:13.50 20

Track

Pursuit

Athlete Event Qualifying Quarterfinal Semifinal Final / BM
Time Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
David Brink Individual 4:55.40 18 Did not advance
David Chauner
Skip Cutting
Steve Maaranen
John Vande Velde
Team 4:32.87 17 Did not advance

Sprint

Athlete Event Round 1 Repechage 1 Round 2 Repechage 2 Round 3 Repechage 3 Repechage final Quarterfinal Semifinal Final / BM
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
Tim Mountford Individual  Baranycez (HUN),
 Loevesijn (NED)
L
 Kim (KOR),
 Galeano (COL)
W 11.03
 Morelon (FRA)
L
 Pedersen (DEN)
W 11.31
 Fredborg (DEN),
 Pkhakdze (URS)
L
 Kučírek (TCH),
 Johnson (AUS)
W 10.79
 Loevesijn (NED)
L
Did not advance =9
Jackie Simes  Goens (BEL),
 Sutherland (HBR)
W 11.23
Bye  Kravtsov (URS),
 Van Lancker (BEL)
W 10.72
Bye  Kučírek (TCH),
 Verzini (ITA)
L
 Fredborg (DEN),
 King (TTO)
W 10.92
 Barth (FRG)
L
Did not advance =9
Jack Disney
Charles Pranke
Tandem  Goens /
Van Lancker (BEL)
L
 Clarke /
Johnson (AUS)
L
Did not advance =11

Time trial

Athlete Event Time Rank
Jackie Simes 1000 m time trial 1:05.67 12

Diving

Men

Athlete Event Preliminary Final Total
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
Jim Henry 3 m springboard 105.47 1 Q 52.65 5 158.09 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Keith Russell 100.61 4 Q 51.14 8 151.75 4
Bernard Wrightson 102.95 3 Q 67.20 1 170.15 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Rick Gilbert 10 m platform 86.70 17 Did not advance
Keith Russell 101.38 3 Q 50.96 5 152.34 4
Edwin Young 99.98 4 Q 53.95 3 153.93 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Women

Athlete Event Preliminary Final Total
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
Sue Gossick 3 m springboard 97.32 3 Q 53.45 1 150.77 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Micki King 98.17 1 Q 39.21 8 137.38 4
Keela O'Sullivan 95.58 4 Q 49.65 2 145.23 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Lesley Bush 10 m platform 43.72 20 Did not advance
Ann Peterson 52.14 2 Q 48.97 4 101.11 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Barbara Talmage 47.09 7 Q 40.20 10 87.29 10

Equestrian

Dressage

Athlete Horse Event Round 1 Round 2
Score Rank Score Rank
Kyra Downton Cadet Individual 657 21 Did not advance
Edith Master Helios 646 23 Did not advance
Donnan Plumb Attache 616 24 Did not advance
Kyra Downton
Edith Master
Donnan Plumb
See above Team 1919 8

Eventing

Athlete Horse Event Dressage Cross-country Jumping Total
Time Penalties Rank Stage B Stage D Penalties Total Rank Obstacles Time Penalties Penalties Rank
Kevin Freeman Chalan Individual 6.22 77.01 14 -37.60 DSQ EL
Michael Page Foster 6.25 107.51 40 -28.80 -30.40 -59.20 48.31 6 0 4.00 4.00 52.31 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Michael Plumb Plain Sailing 6.17 63.00 5 -29.60 83.60 54.00 117.00 15 0 2.50 2.50 119.50 14
James C. Wofford Kilkenny 6.24 101.51 34 -37.60 -33.60 -71.20 30.31 2 40 3.75 43.75 74.06 6
Kevin Freeman
Michael Page
Michael Plumb
James C. Wofford
See above Team 241.52 6 -76.40 195.62 2 50.25 245.87 2nd place, silver medalist(s)

Jumping

Athlete Horse Event Round 1 Round 1 Total Jump-off
Faults Rank Faults Rank Faults Rank Time Rank
Frank Chapot San Lucas Individual 4 =3 8 =4 12 =3 36.8 4
Kathryn Kusner Untouchable 12 =21 Did not advance
William Steinkraus Snowbound 0 =1 4 =1 4 1st place, gold medalist(s) Bye
Frank Chapot San Lucas Team 11 14 25
Mary Chapot White Lightning 27 21 48
Kathryn Kusner Untouchable 25 19.5 44.5
Total 63 5 54.5 3 117.5 4

Fencing

20 fencers represented the United States in 1968.

Men

Athlete Event Round 1 Round 2 Winners' bracket Losers' bracket Final round Final barrage
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Final / BM / Pl. Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5
V D Rank V D Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
V D Rank V D Rank
David Micahnik Individual épée 3 2 2 Q 1 4 6 Did not advance Did not advance
Stephen Netburn 2 3 4 Q 3 2 2 Q  Constandt (BEL)
W
 Ladègaillerie (FRA)
L
Did not advance Bye  Constandt (BEL)
W
 Lötscher (SUI)
L
Did not advance
Paul Pesthy 4 1 1 Q 2 3 5 Did not advance Did not advance
Robert Beck
Daniel Cantillon
David Micahnik
Stephen Netburn
Paul Pesthy
Team épée 0 2 3 Did not advance =11
Larry Anastasi Individual foil 3 1 1 Q 2 3 5 Did not advance Did not advance
Jeffrey Checkes 2 3 4 Q 1 4 5 Did not advance Did not advance
Herbert Cohen 1 3 4 Q 1 4 5 Did not advance Did not advance
Larry Anastasi
Albie Axelrod
Jeffrey Checkes
Herbert Cohen
Uriah Jones
Team foil 0 2 3 Did not advance =11
Anthony Keane Individual sabre 3 3 4 Q 1 4 5 Did not advance Did not advance Did not advance
Alfonso Morales 4 1 2 Q 3 2 2 Q  Calsrese (ITA)
W
 Nazlymov (HUN)
L
Bye  Panizza (FRA)
L
Did not advance Did not advance
Alex Orban 4 2 3 Q 2 3 5 Did not advance Did not advance Did not advance
Thomas Balla
Robert Blum
Anthony Keane
Alfonso Morales
Alex Orban
Team sabre 1 1 2 Q  Italy (ITA)
L 6–8
5th-8th semifinal
 West Germany (FRG)
W 9–7
5th place final
 Poland (POL)
L 5–9
6

Women

Athlete Event Round 1 Round 2 Winners' bracket Losers' bracket Final round
Round 1 Round 2 Final / BM / Pl. Round 1 Round 2 Round 3
V D Rank V D Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
V D Rank
Harriet King Individual foil 3 2 2 Q 2 3 5 Did not advance Did not advance
Veronica Smith 1 5 7 Did not advance Did not advance
Jan York-Romary 3 2 4 Q 2 3 5 Did not advance Did not advance
Harriet King
Maxine Mitchell
Sally Pechinsky
Veronica Smith
Jan York-Romary
Team foil 0 2 3 Did not advance =10

Gymnastics

Men
All-around

Athlete Event Apparatus Total
Floor exercise Pommel horse Rings Vault Parallel bars Horizontal bar
C V Total Rank C V Total Rank C V Total Rank C V Total Rank C V Total Rank C V Total Rank Score Rank
Kanati Allen Individual 9.10 9.20 18.30 =34 9.00 8.55 17.55 =58 7.80 8.50 16.30 99 9.00 9.15 18.15 =54 7.70 9.05 16.75 =102 8.80 9.50 18.40 =56 105.45 80
Steve Cohen 8.85 8.75 17.60 =75 9.00 8.35 17.35 =67 9.30 9.60 18.90 =9 8.95 9.05 18.00 =68 9.10 9.50 18.60 =41 8.90 9.40 18.30 =56 108.75 46
Sid Freudenstein 9.15 9.50 18.65 =14 8.75 7.85 16.60 93 8.90 9.15 18.05 =44 9.10 8.95 18.05 =63 8.95 9.40 18.25 =63 8.95 9.45 18.40 53 108.00 57
Steve Hug 9.00 9.15 18.15 =42 9.30 9.40 18.70 19 8.80 9.10 17.90 =52 8.75 9.05 17.80 =83 9.05 9.40 18.45 =51 9.25 9.35 18.60 =39 109.60 36
Fred Roethlisberger 8.95 9.40 18.35 =32 8.85 8.70 17.55 =58 9.15 9.20 18.35 27 9.25 9.15 18.40 =30 9.10 9.50 18.60 =41 9.10 9.35 18.45 =47 109.70 =34
Dave Thor 9.15 9.30 18.45 =26 9.50 9.60 19.10 =4 9.00 9.00 18.00 =47 9.10 9.40 18.50 =23 8.70 9.30 18.00 =74 9.05 9.50 18.55 =42 110.60 24
Kanati Allen
Steve Cohen
Sid Freudenstein
Steve Hug
Fred Roethlisberger
Dave Thor
Team 45.35 46.55 45.65 44.60 45.15 46.05 45.40 45.80 44.80 47.10 45.25 47.20 548.90 7

Women
All-around

Athlete Event Apparatus Total
Vault Uneven bars Balance beam Floor exercise
C V Total Rank C V Total Rank C V Total Rank C V Total Rank Score Rank
Wendy Cluff Individual 9.05 8.75 17.80 =58 8.75 9.00 17.75 46 9.20 9.00 18.20 =33 9.10 8.95 18.05 42 71.80 39
Kathy Gleason 9.20 9.30 18.50 =29 9.00 9.30 18.30 29 9.15 9.30 18.45 =27 9.20 9.05 18.25 =33 73.30 31
Linda Metheny 9.35 9.05 18.40 =31 9.40 8.75 18.15 =34 9.60 9.55 19.15 3 Q 9.30 9.00 18.30 32 74.00 28
Colleen Mulvihill 8.95 8.90 17.85 =53 9.20 9.30 18.50 =24 9.40 9.30 18.70 =18 9.15 8.85 18.00 =43 73.05 34
Cathy Rigby 9.20 9.10 18.30 =36 9.40 9.50 18.90 =12 9.55 9.45 19.00 =5 9.45 9.30 18.75 =20 74.95 16
Joyce Tanac 9.25 9.20 18.45 30 9.20 9.20 18.40 27 9.25 9.20 18.45 =27 9.25 9.10 18.35 31 73.65 30
Wendy Cluff
Kathy Gleason
Linda Metheny
Colleen Mulvihill
Cathy Rigby
Joyce Tanac
Team 46.05 45.55 46.20 46.30 47.00 46.80 46.35 45.40 369.75 6

Apparatus

Athlete Event Preliminary Final Score Rank
Linda Metheny Balance beam 9.575 9.650 19.225 =4

Modern pentathlon

Three pentathletes represented the United States in 1968.

Athlete Event Riding
(Cross-country steeplechase)
Fencing
(Épée)
Shooting
(Rapid-fire pistol)
Swimming
(300 m freestyle)
Running
(4000 m cross-country)
Total
Time Penalties Rank MP V Rank MP (AIP) Score Penalties Rank MP Time Rank MP Time Rank MP MP Points Rank
Robert Beck Individual 3:41 90 27 1010 28 =8 885 (896) 190 0 =13 912 4:06.5 28 925 16:10.3 42 655 4387 22
Tom Lough 3:32 120 31 980 18 =37 655 (662) 187 0 =25 846 3:56.4 12 988 15:15.2 24 820 4289 29
James Moore 3:36 60 =13 1040 24 =22 793 (766) 190 0 =13 912 4:05.5 =26 931 14:36.8 9 937 4613 11
Robert Beck
Tom Lough
James Moore
Team 3030 2324 2670 2844 2412 13280 4

Rowing

Athlete Event Heat Repechage Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
John Van Blom Single sculls 7:54.79 3 R 7:43.00 1 SF 7:49.85 3 FA 7:50.30 4
Larry Hough
Phillip Johnson
Coxless pair 7:19.92 1 SF Bye 7:21.50 1 FA 7:26.71 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Richard Edmumds
Bill Hobbs
Stewart MacDonald (C)
Coxed pair 8:12.48 1 SF Bye 8:03.74 3 FA 8:12.60 5
Bill Maher
John Nunn
Double sculls 6:56.96 1 SF Bye 7:10.05 1 FA 6:54.21 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Charles Hamlin
Pete Raymond
Lawrence Terry
Raymond Wright
Coxless four 6:57.68 2 R 6:39.78 1 FA 6:47.70 5
Gardner Cadwalader
John Hartigan (C)
Luther Jones
Tony Martin
Bill Purdy
Coxed four 7:21.39 3 SF Bye 6:54.22 2 FA 6:51.41 5
Steve Brooks
Curtis Canning
Arthur Evans
David Higgins
Franklin Hobbs
Paul Hoffman (C)
Andy Larkin
Cleve Livingston
Scott Steketee
Eight 6:15.42 5 R 6:19.81 2 FA 6:14.34 6

Qualification Legend: FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal); SF=Semifinal; R=Repechage

Sailing

Athlete Event 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
Rank Points Rank Points Rank Points Rank Points Rank Points Rank Points Rank Points Points Rank
Carl Van Duyne Finn DNF 42 DSQ 11 11 17 3 5.7 10 16 14 20 11 17 117.7 14
Bob James
David James
Flying Dutchman DNF 36 9 15 14 20 18 24 15 21 3 5.7 6 11.7 97.4 10
Peter Barrett
Lowell North
Star 1 0 3 5.7 3 5.7 1 0 2 3 12 18 1 0 14.4 1st place, gold medalist(s)
George Friedrichs
Barton Jahncke
Gerald Schreck
Dragon 2 3 6 11.7 1 0 1 0 2 3 1 0 1 0 6 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Steve Colgate
Gardner Cox
Stuart H. Walker
5.5 Metre 7 13 8 14 8 14 4 8 9 15 8 14 6 11.7 74.7 8

Shooting

Twelve shooters represented the United States in 1968. Gary Anderson won gold in the 300 m rifle, three positions, John Writer won silver in the 50 m rifle, three positions, and Thomas Garrigus won silver in the trap.

Athlete Event Final Shoot-off 1 Shoot-off 2
Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank
Bill McMillan 25 m rapid fire pistol 584 17
Jim McNally 580 25
Don Hamilton 50 m pistol 549 16
Arnold Vitarbo 559 4
Gary Anderson 50 m rifle prone 595 4
Lones Wigger 592 25
John Foster 50 m rifle three positions 1153 4
John Writer 1156 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Gary Anderson 300 m rifle three positions 1157 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
John Foster 1140 7
Thomas Garrigus Trap 196 =2 25 =1 25 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Ray Stafford 189 26
Earl Herring Skeet 190 16
Robert Rodale 189 19

Swimming

Men

Athlete Event Heat Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Mark Spitz 100 m freestyle 54.6 4 Q 53.8 3 Q 53.0 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Ken Walsh 55.7 19 Q 53.9 7 Q 52.8 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Zac Zorn 54.2 2 Q 53.4 2 Q 53.9 8
John Nelson 200 m freestyle 1:59.5 OR 2 Q 1:58.1 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Don Schollander 2:00.0 3 Q 1:58.1 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Stephen Rerych 2:00.6 6 Q DNS
Brent Berk 400 m freestyle 4:20.2 6 Q 4:26.0 8
Mike Burton 4:19.3 4 Q 4:09.0 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
John Nelson 4:18.7 2 Q 4:17.2 6
Mike Burton 1500 m freestyle 17:27.2 5 Q 16:38.9 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
John Kinsella 17:22.7 4 Q 16:57.3 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
John Nelson 17:36.0 7 Q 18:05.1 8
Larry Barbiere 100 m backstroke 1:01.9 5 Q 1:01.6 =2 Q 1:01.1 4
Charlie Hickcox 1:01.1 2 Q 1:01.6 =2 Q 1:00.2 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Ronnie Mills 1:01.8 =3 Q 1:01.8 4 Q 1:00.5 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Gary Hall Sr. 200 m backstroke 2:16.2 2 Q 2:12.6 4
Jack Horsley 2:13.7 3 Q 2:10.9 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Mitch Ivey 2:11.3 1 Q 2:10.6 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Don McKenzie 100 m breaststroke 1:08.1 1 Q 1:08.1 =3 Q 1:07.7 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ken Merten 1:10.6 =19 Q 1:11.6 22 Did not advance
Dave Perkowski 1:09.5 =7 Q 1:09.0 9 Did not advance
Brian Job 200 m breaststroke 2:31.5 2 Q 2:29.9 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Philip Long 2:33.1 =5 Q 2:33.6 7
Ken Merten 2:37.0 12 Did not advance
Doug Russell 100 m butterfly 57.3 OR 1 Q 55.9 OR 1 Q 55.9 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Mark Spitz 58.5 3 Q 57.4 2 Q 56.4 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Ross Wales 58.7 4 Q 58.2 4 Q 57.2 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
John Ferris 200 m butterfly 2:10.6 =1 Q 2:09.3 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Carl Robie 2:11.1 =4 Q 2:08.7 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Mark Spitz 2:10.6 =1 Q 2:13.5 8
Greg Buckingham 200 m individual medley 2:15.6 2 Q 2:13.0 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
John Ferris 2:14.6 OR 1 Q 2:13.3 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Charlie Hickcox 2:16.1 OR 3 Q 2:12.0 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Greg Buckingham 400 m individual medley 4:57.3 3 Q 4:51.4 4
Gary Hall Sr. 4:56.2 =1 Q 4:48.7 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Charlie Hickcox 4:56.2 =1 Q 4:48.4 1st place, gold medalist(s)
David Johnson[a]
William Johnson[a]
Stephen Rerych
Don Schollander[a]
Mark Spitz
Michael Wall[a]
Ken Walsh
Zac Zorn
4 × 100 m freestyle relay 3:35.4 1 Q 3:31.7 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
David Johnson[a]
William Johnson[a]
John Nelson
Stephen Rerych
Don Schollander
Mark Spitz
Andrew Strenk[a]
Michael Wall[a]
4 × 200 m freestyle relay 8:05.1 2 Q 7:52.3 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Charlie Hickcox
Chet Jastremski[a]
Don McKenzie
Ronnie Mills[a]
Carl Robie[a]
Doug Russell
Don Schollander[a]
Ken Walsh
4 × 100 m medley relay 4:03.4 1 Q 3:54.9 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)

Women

Athlete Event Heat Semifinal Final
Time Rank Time Rank Time Rank
Linda Gustavson 100 m freestyle 1:00.8 4 Q 1:00.6 =3 Q 1:00.3 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Jan Henne 1:00.1 1 Q 1:00.5 2 Q 1:00.0 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Sue Pedersen 1:01.5 5 Q 1:00.2 1 Q 1:00.3 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Jane Barkman 200 m freestyle 2:13.6 2 Q 2:11.2 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Jan Henne 2:13.8 3 Q 2:11.0 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Debbie Meyer 2:13.1 OR 1 Q 2:10.5 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Linda Gustavson 400 m freestyle 4:41.4 3 Q 4:45.5 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Pam Kruse 4:45.2 5 Q 4:37.2 4
Debbie Meyer 4:35.0 OR 1 Q 4:31.8 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Patty Caretto 800 m freestyle 9:46.4 =3 Q 9:51.3 5
Pam Kruse 9:49.8 5 Q 9:35.7 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Debbie Meyer 9:42.8 OR 2 Q 9:24.0 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Kaye Hall 100 m backstroke 1:09.8 2 Q 1:08.2 2 Q 1:06.2 WR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Kendis Moore 1:10.5 =10 Q 1:09.6 6 Q 1:08.3 4
Jane Swagerty 1:10.2 =6 Q 1:08.6 3 Q 1:08.1 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Susie Atwood 200 m backstroke 2:35.2 10 Did not advance
Kaye Hall 2:31.1 OR 3 Q 2:28.9 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Lillian Watson 2:29.2 OR 1 Q 2:24.8 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Catie Ball 100 m breaststroke 1:18.8 OR 7 Q 1:16.8 =2 Q 1:16.7 5
Suzy Jones 1:19.3 =10 Q 1:18.6 =11 Did not advance
Sharon Wichman 1:18.3 4 Q 1:16.8 =2 Q 1:16.1 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Cathy Jamison 200 m breaststroke 2:50.1 6 Q 2:48.4 5
Sharon Wichman 2:46.8 1 Q 2:44.4 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ellie Daniel 100 m butterfly 1:07.2 3 Q 1:06.1 =1 Q 1:05.8 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Toni Hewitt 1:08.1 8 Q 1:07.9 8 Q 1:07.5 7
Susan Shields 1:06.2 2 Q 1:06.3 4 Q 1:06.2 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Ellie Daniel 200 m butterfly 2:29.4 =3 Q 2:25.9 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Diane Giebel 2:33.0 6 Q 2:31.7 6
Toni Hewitt 2:29.1 2 Q 2:26.2 4
Jan Henne 200 m individual medley 2:33.9 6 Q 2:31.4 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Claudia Kolb 2:28.8 OR 1 Q 2:24.7 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Susan Pedersen 2:33.2 =4 Q 2:28.8 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Claudia Kolb 400 m individual medley 5:17.2 OR 1 Q 5:08.5 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Susan Pedersen 5:26.4 2 Q 5:25.8 4
Lynn Vidali 5:28.9 3 Q 5:22.2 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Jane Barkman
Linda Gustavson
Jan Henne
Susan Pedersen
4 × 100 m freestyle relay 4:11.1 2 Q 4:02.5 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Catie Ball
Ellie Daniel
Kaye Hall
Jan Henne[a]
Suzy Jones[a]
Susan Pedersen
Susan Shields[a]
Jane Swagerty[a]
4 × 100 m medley relay 4:34.7 2 Q 4:28.3 OR 1st place, gold medalist(s)

a Swimmers who participated in the heats only.

Volleyball

Summary

Team Event Round robin
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
United States men Men's tournament  Soviet Union
W 3–2
 Czechoslovakia
L 1–3
 Brazil
W 3–0
 Bulgaria
L 2–3
 Poland
L 0–3
 East Germany
L 0–3
 Japan
L 0–3
 Mexico
W 3–1
 Belgium
W 3–0
7
United States women Women's tournament  Japan
L 0–3
 Czechoslovakia
L 1–3
 Poland
L 0–3
 South Korea
L 1–3
 Soviet Union
L 1–3
 Peru
L 1–3
 Mexico
L 0–3
8

Men's tournament

  • Round robin
  • Defeated Soviet Union (3-2)
  • Lost to Czechoslovakia (1-3)
  • Defeated Brazil (3-0)
  • Lost to Bulgaria (2-3)
  • Lost to Poland (0-3)
  • Lost to East Germany (0-3)
  • Lost to Japan (0-3)
  • Defeated Mexico (3-1)
  • Defeated Belgium (3-0) → Seventh place
  • Team roster

Women's tournament

  • Round robin
  • Lost to Japan (0-3)
  • Lost to Czechoslovakia (1-3)
  • Lost to Poland (0-3)
  • Lost to South Korea (1-3)
  • Lost to Soviet Union (1-3)
  • Lost to Peru (1-3)
  • Lost to Mexico (0-3) → 8th and last place

Water polo

Summary

Team Event Preliminary round Semifinal / Pl. Final / BM / Cl.
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank Opposition
Result
Opposition
Result
Rank
United States men Water polo  Brazil
W 10–5
 Spain
W 10–7
 Cuba
T 6–6
 Hungary
L 1–5
 Soviet Union
L 3–8
 West Germany
W 7–5
3 5th-8th semifinal
 Netherlands
W 6–3
5th place match
 East Germany
W 6–4
5


Team Competition
  • Preliminary round (group A)
  • Defeated Brazil (10:5)
  • Defeated Spain (10:7)
  • Tied with Cuba (6:6)
  • Lost to Hungary (1:5)
  • Lost to Soviet Union (3:8)
  • Defeated West Germany (7:5)
  • Classification Matches
  • 5th/8th place: Defeated Netherlands (6:3)
  • 5th/6th place: Defeated East Germany (6:4) → 5th place
  • Team roster

Weightlifting

Athlete Event Weight Rank
Russell Knipp 75 kg 437.5 4
Fred Lowe 430.0 8
Joe Puleo 82.5 kg DNF
Bart Bartholomew 90 kg 457.5 9
Phil Grippaldi 477.5 7
Joseph Dube +90 kg 555.0 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Ernie Pickett DNF

Wrestling

Key:

  • TF – Victory by fall.
  • SP - Win by technical superiority
  • PP - Win by technical points
Athlete Event Elimination stage Final stage
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
TPP Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
Opposition
Result
(Penalty points)
FPP Rank
Richard Sanders Freestyle 52 kg  Defran (DOM)
W TF
(0.0)
 Dimovski (YUG)
W TF
(0.0)
 Ghorbani (IRN)
W TF
(0.0)
 Kumar (IND)
W TF
(0.0)
0.0  Nakata (JPN)
L PP
(3.0)
 Damdinsharav (MGL)
W PP
(1.0)
4.0 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Donald Behm Freestyle 57 kg  Sardar (PAK)
W PP
(1.0)
 Raxon (GUA)
W TF
(0.0)
 Singh (IND)
W SP
(0.5)
 Talebi (IRN)
L PP
(3.0)
 Shavov (BUL)
W PP
(1.0)
5.5  Aliyev (URS)
W PP
(1.0)
6.5 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Bobby Douglas Freestyle 63 kg  Seyed-Abbasi (IRN)
L PP
(3.0)
WDR
Wayne Wells Freestyle 70 kg  Beriashivili (URS)
T
(2.0)
 Karlsson (SWE)
W PP
(1.0)
 Ioannidis (GRE)
W TF
(0.0)
 Pająk (POL)
W PP
(1.0)
 Horiuchi (JPN)
W PP
(1.0)
 Valchev (BUL)
L PP
(3.0)
8.0 Did not advance 4
Steve Combs Freestyle 78 kg  Atalay (TUR)
L PP
(3.0)
 Martinetti (SUI)
W PP
(1.0)
 Seo (KOR)
W PP
(1.0)
 Robin (FRA)
L PP
(3.0)
8.0 Did not advance =6
Tom Peckham Freestyle 87 kg  Gardzhev (BUL)
T
(2.0)
 Graffigna (GUA)
W PP
(1.0)
 Marcheggiani (ITA)
W TF
(0.0)
 Endo (JPN)
W TF
(0.0)
 Gürsoy (TUR)
T
(2.0)
5.0  Mönkhbat (MGL)
L PP
(3.0)
8.0 4
Jess Lewis Freestyle 97 kg  Bachmann (GDR)
W PP
(1.0)
 Kawano (JPN)
W PP
(1.0)
 Ayik (TUR)
T
(2.0)
 Mustafov (BUL)
L PP
(3.0)
EL 7.0 Did not advance 6
Larry Kristoff Freestyle +97 kg  Robertsson (SWE)
W DQ
(0.0)
 Nyers (HUN)
W PP
(1.0)
 Anvari (IRN)
W PP
(1.0)
 Medved (URS)
L DQ
(4.0)
EL 6.0 Did not advance 5
Richard Tamble Greco-Roman 52 kg  Bakulin (URS)
L PP
(3.0)
 Çıkmaz (TUR)
L PP
(3.0)
EL 6.0 Did not advance =17
David Hazewinkel Greco-Roman 57 kg  Baciu (ROU)
L PP
(3.0)
 Nielsen (DEN)
W TF
(0.0)
 Traikov (BUL)
W DQ
(0.0)
 El-Sayed (RAU)
L PP
(3.0)
EL 6.0 Did not advance =8
Jim Hazewinkel Greco-Roman 63 kg  Rusznyák (HUN)
W PP
(1.0)
 Rurua (URS)
L TF
(4.0)
 Kim (KOR)
W SP
(0.5)
 Galinchev (BUL)
L PP
(3.0)
EL 8.5 Did not advance 7
Werner Holzer Greco-Roman 70 kg  Ben Mansour (MAR)
W TF
(0.0)
 Karlsson (SWE)
L TF
(4.0)
 Madsen (DEN)
W PP
(1.0)
 Rost (FRG)
L PP
(3.0)
EL 8.0 Did not advance =6
Larry Lyden Greco-Roman 78 kg  Nenadić (YUG)
L SP
(3.5)
 Savvas (GRE)
L PP
(3.0)
EL 6.5 Did not advance =16
Wayne Baughman Greco-Roman 87 kg  Metz (GDR)
L PP
(3.0)
 Alvarez (MEX)
W TF
(0.0)
 Ojala (FIN)
W TF
(0.0)
 Kwieciński (POL)
W PP
(1.0)
 Olenik (URS)
L TF
(4.0)
8.0 Did not advance 5
Henk Schenk Greco-Roman 97 kg  Radev (BUL)
L DQ
(4.0)
 Jutzeler (SUI)
T
(2.5)
EL 6.5 Did not advance 12
Bob Roop Greco-Roman +97 kg  Geris (CAN)
W TF
(0.0)
 Petrov (BUL)
L TF
(4.0)
 Roshchin (URS)
L TF
(4.0)
EL 8.0 Did not advance 10

References

  1. ^ "United States at the 1968 Mexico City Summer Games". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on April 17, 2020. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  2. ^ "1968 USA Men's Olympic Games Roster Archived January 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." usabasketball.com. Retrieved on May 6, 2014.
  3. ^ Team Leaders.
  4. ^ "St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search".
  5. ^ "Kareem Abdul-Jabbar details passing on 1968 Olympics in new book". NBC Sports. May 22, 2017. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  6. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "United States Volleyball at the 1968 Ciudad de México Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on April 17, 2020.
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