Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

1500 Broadway

1500 Broadway
1500 Broadway in November 2021
Map
General information
StatusCompleted
TypeSkyscraper
Architectural styleModernism
Location1500 Broadway
Manhattan, New York, U.S.
Coordinates40°45′24″N 73°59′08″W / 40.75667°N 73.98556°W / 40.75667; -73.98556
Completed1972
OwnerTamares Group
Height
Roof392 ft (119 m)
Top floor33
Technical details
Floor area500,000 square feet (46,000 m2)
Lifts/elevators5
Design and construction
Architect(s)Leo Kornblath
DeveloperArlen Realty and Development Corporation
Structural engineerRosenwasser / Grossman Consulting Engineers, P.C.

1500 Broadway (also known as Times Square Plaza) is an office building on Times Square in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, United States. Completed in 1972 by Arlen Realty & Development Corporation, the 33-story building is 392 feet (119 meters) tall. The building replaced the Hotel Claridge and occupies an entire block front on the east side of Broadway between 43rd Street and 44th Street.

The facade is made of bronze aluminum and contains tinted-glass windows. The lowest four stories of the facade were renovated in the late 1980s, and there is also a pair of curving news tickers and a billboard at the lower part of the building's facade. The building contains about 460,000 square feet (43,000 m2) of space. At ground level, there was originally an arcade, lobby, two foyers, and a movie theater; in addition, Times Square Studios and ABC Studios occupy space on the lower stories.

The New York City Board of Estimate approved a zoning regulation encouraging the construction of theaters in new office buildings near Times Square. Subsequently, National General Pictures announced plans in January 1970 for a skyscraper with movie theaters, and Arlen Realty was hired as the building's developer. The building's cinema opened December 12, 1972, and the first office leases were signed in March 1974. The structure was almost completely vacant when it opened, and it did not approach full occupancy until the mid-1980s. The structure was sold in 1988 to the 1500 Realty Company, and it was resold in 1995 to a partnership that included Tamares Group.

Site

1500 Broadway is on the eastern side of Times Square, between 43rd and 44th Streets in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City.[1][2] While the building carries a Broadway address, it is actually on the east side of Seventh Avenue.[2] The section of Broadway and Seventh Avenue between 43rd and 45th Streets is officially listed on city maps as "Times Square",[3][a] but the adjoining section of Broadway was converted into a permanent pedestrian plaza in the 2010s.[4][5] 1500 Broadway's rectangular land lot is bounded by Times Square to the west, 44th Street to the north, and 43rd Street to the south. The lot spans 25,569 square feet (2,375.4 m2), with a frontage of 203.77 feet (62.11 m) on Broadway and a depth of 125 feet (38 m).[2]

The surrounding area is part of Manhattan's Theater District and contains many Broadway theatres.[1] 1500 Broadway shares the block with the Lambs Club Building and the Town Hall performing-arts center to the east.[1][2] The Bow Tie Building, Millennium Times Square New York hotel, the Hudson Theatre, the aka Times Square, and the Belasco Theatre are across 44th Street to the north, and 4 Times Square, the Bank of America Tower, and the Stephen Sondheim Theatre are across 43rd Street to the south. The building is also near One Times Square and 3 Times Square to the southwest, 1501 Broadway to the west, and One Astor Plaza to the northwest.[2]

Prior to the development of the current 1500 Broadway, the southeast corner of Broadway and 44th Street was occupied by the Hotel Claridge,[6][7] built in 1910 as the Rector Hotel.[7][8] From 1941 to 1966, that building had contained a billboard advertising Camel cigarettes, which emitted steam jets.[9] The northeast corner of Broadway and 43rd Street contained a two-story commercial structure at 1500–1504 Broadway, owned by the family of George Innes-Ker, 9th Duke of Roxburghe, from 1920 to 1963.[10] The two-story structure, a shoe shop,[11] itself replaced the Barrett House hotel, where playwright Eugene O'Neill was born.[12]

Architecture

The structure was built as a joint venture between Arlen Realty and Development Corporation and National General Corporation.[13] It was designed by the firm of Leo Kornblath & Associates[7][14] and is 33 stories high.[7][15][16][b] The building contains 460,000 square feet (43,000 m2) of space,[14][19][20] of which 360,000 square feet (33,000 m2) was rentable space.[17]

Facade

The facade is made of bronze aluminum and contains tinted-glass windows.[14][19] At ground level, there was originally an arcade with shops and a marquee on the Broadway side.[14] The lobby, and two foyers for a movie theater on the second and third stories, were visible behind the marquee.[21][22] The marquee measured 72 feet (22 m) long and 9 feet (2.7 m) high.[23] The Artkraft-Strauss Corporation designed a series of vertical light tubes on the facade, which stretched from a third-floor chandelier outside the building, spanning the length of the marquee, to another third-floor chandelier. According to the movie theater's architect Drew Eberson,[c] this was intended to give the impression that the theater was "opening its arms to Broadway".[21]

The lowest four stories of the facade were renovated in the late 1980s, when Clark Tribble Harris & Li designed a new entrance on 43rd Street with a portico made of stainless steel and black granite.[18] When the Walt Disney Company built the Times Square Studios within the lowest part of the building in the late 1990s, a curving, 4,000-square-foot (370 m2) screen was placed on the northwest corner of the building.[24] The facade also features a pair of curving news tickers, as well as a 585-square-foot (54.3 m2) screen overlooking Broadway and Seventh Avenue.[25] Unlike other buildings on Times Square, the building did not contain any digital advertisements until 1997, when the owners installed a 40-by-40-foot (12 by 12 m) advertising screen above the seventh-story setback.[26] Another screen, measuring 52 by 31.5 feet (15.8 by 9.6 m), was installed in 2001 and originally advertised the Wrigley Company.[27]

Features

When 1500 Broadway was built, the base contained a movie theater designed by Drew Eberson.[21][23] The structure was originally supposed to contain two screens, with 1,000 and 1,500 seats.[28][20] The larger screen would have been stacked above the smaller one, and both auditoriums would have been decorated with white marble, bronze, and wood.[20] As constructed, the building contained a single-screen cinema with 1,445 seats.[21] Patrons entered a 14-foot-tall (4.3 m) lobby with marble walls, where a pair of escalators led to the cinema.[23] The auditorium itself was clad in vinyl with teak doors. Each seat was made of fiberglass and upholstered in orange; the bottoms of the seats were painted white so people could easily determine whether a seat was occupied.[21][23] There was an orchestra level with 932 seats and a mezzanine with 513 seats.[22][23] The curtain was decorated in olive, burnt orange, and copper colors,[21] which harmonized with the auditorium's general color scheme.[23]

The lobby was originally shaped like an "L". When the lobby was renovated in the late 1980s, it was converted into a rotunda with curved walls, two ornamental columns, and a ceiling measuring 25 feet (7.6 m) high. The walls and floor were clad in white marble accented with red, gray, and black granite. This project involved removing some of the storefronts.[18]

1500 Broadway hosts Times Square Studios and ABC Studios.[29] The studios were designed by Walt Disney Imagineering and its senior vice president of concept design Eddie Sotto, who stated that the design of the building symbolized a "looking glass" and the idea of "media as architecture".[25] During the studios' construction, the lowest five stories were gutted, and concrete columns at the center of the building were replaced with steel trusses along the perimeter. The ground floor includes a studio with three removable glass panels.[24][30] Covering 2,400 square feet (220 m2), the ground-level studio was originally designed to resemble a New York City Subway station.[31] On the second floor is the 4,600-square-foot (430 m2) Marquee Studio, which overlooks the corner of Broadway and 44th Street and is cantilevered over the ground-level studio.[24][31] The studio overhangs the sidewalk on Broadway by up to 18 feet (5.5 m).[31]

History

After World War II, development of theaters around Times Square stalled, and the area began to evolve into a business district.[32] By the 1960s, city officials were encouraging the westward expansion of office towers in Manhattan, and there were few efforts to preserve existing theaters.[33][34] This changed in 1967, when the New York City Board of Estimate approved a zoning regulation encouraging the construction of theaters in new office buildings near Times Square.[35] The legislation allowed developers to increase the maximum amount of office space in their buildings if they erected a theater at their base.[21][36]

Development and early years

The building viewed from ground level at night
Viewed at night

National General Pictures announced in January 1970 that it had signed a lease for a 32-story skyscraper with two movie theaters, which was to be built on the site of the Claridge Hotel.[19][14] Arlen Realty was to be the building's developer.[37] National General would be the flagship tenant, which was to be known as the NGC Realty Building[19][20] or the National General Building.[14] When 1500 Broadway was announced, it was one of six office buildings being planned for the immediate neighborhood,[36][38] and demand for office space in Manhattan had already begun to wane.[38] The National General Building was also one of several new buildings near Times Square with theaters, along with One Astor Plaza and the Uris Building, although these structures contained Broadway theaters rather than cinemas.[36] During the building's construction, Arlen Realty hired artists Nassos Daphnis and Tania to paint a 16-story-tall street art mural on the building's steel frame. The street art was covered by the building's facade as construction progressed.[37][39]

The building's cinema opened December 12, 1972, with the premiere of The Poseidon Adventure.[11][40] It was the first new movie theater to be built on Times Square in 37 years,[41] following the Criterion Theatre in 1935.[11] National General had dropped out of the project by the time the building was completed.[13] In part due to the large oversupply of office space in Manhattan, only 10 to 15 percent of the building was occupied in its first year;[42] the structure was almost completely vacant except for its retail space and movie theater.[13] The first office leases were not signed until March 1974, when women's clothing store Lane Bryant and document-management corporation Xerox collectively leased 30,500 square feet (2,830 m2).[13] Other early tenants included the American Federation of Musicians (which leased three floors)[43] the Actors' Equity Association,[44] and the Junior League.[45] One-third of the building had been leased by early 1975.[44]

Years after the building opened, it continued to struggle with low occupancy rates. By 1975, the building's space was only being rented for $6 to $7 per square foot ($65 to $75/m2), well below the $11 per square foot ($120/m2) that experts said was necessary for the building to break even.[46] A Chase Bank branch in the building had closed in 1976 after just two years of operation.[47] Newsweek wrote in 1977 that the building remained half empty, even though the office space was still relatively new.[48] In 1979, as part of an ongoing redevelopment of Times Square, architect Frederick DeMatteis proposed creating a three-story "deck" surrounding 1500 Broadway and several other nearby buildings; the deck would have supported numerous skyscrapers.[49] A second screen was added at the National Theater in 1982.[50] The building did not reach near-full occupancy until the mid-1980s, when space was being rented out for $18 to $24 per square foot ($190 to $260/m2).[51] During the 1980s, Garth Drabinsky of Cineplex Odeon Corporation took over the National Theater and renovated its two screens.[52]

Sales and renovations

Signs and advertisements at the building's base
The base

The structure was sold in 1988 for about $88 million, or approximately $200 per square foot ($2,200/m2).[53] The new owners, known as the 1500 Realty Company, had wanted to buy the building because it had windows on all sides, the offices did not require asbestos abatement, and the neighborhood was improving. However, the structure had 200,000 square feet (19,000 m2) of vacant space; brokers said potential tenants were dissuaded by the lack of security, poor maintenance, and rundown lobby. This prompted the owners to renovate the lower section of the building's facade and enlarge the lobby. The renovation attracted six tenants who collectively leased 130,000 square feet (12,000 m2).[18] The building's owners went bankrupt in the 1990s.[54] 1500 Broadway was 96 percent occupied by 1994, when a $75 million mortgage loan on the building was sold.[55]

The building was sold in September 1995 to a partnership[54][56] who paid Crossland Savings Bank $55 million.[57] The building's stakeholders included the Tamares Group,[58] Intertech,[59][60] Charles Bendit,[26] and Essex Capital Partners.[61] Rushbury Limited, an investment trust, bought a 6.25 percent ownership stake in 1996.[58] At the time, the ground level included electronics stores and souvenir shops.[62] After the building was sold, Intertech announced plans to renovate 1500 Broadway's mechanical systems and public spaces for $6 million.[57] Most of the tenants' retail leases were set to expire over the next several years,[60] and these tenants gradually moved out.[63] Intertech's executive vice president said, "One of the reasons we bought 1500 Broadway in 1995 was its potential for signage", as the building had never contained any advertisements.[64] As such, Intertech announced plans in early 1997 to install an advertising screen,[26][65] the first such screen to be installed on the building in its history.[65][66] To attract potential tenants, Bendit's firm Taconic Investment Partners replaced the building's wiring.[67]

Although clothing chain Old Navy had been negotiating to lease the building's ground level,[68] the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) leased the lower floors of 1500 Broadway in late 1997, with plans to add television studios and an ESPN Grill there.[63][69] ABC agreed to lease the space after two executives of ABC's parent company, the Walt Disney Company, had stood on the old National Theater's marquee while looking for sites for its studios.[70] ABC was one of several major companies to lease large amounts of space in Times Square during that time,[71] and rent rates at the building increased significantly in the following year.[72] The National Theater was closed to make way for the studios,[63] and the lowest five stories were gutted and rebuilt starting in mid-1998.[24][31] The renovation involved installing 300 short tons (270 long tons; 270 t) of steel.[31] Good Morning America started broadcasting from the studios in 1999,[31][73] following the renovation, which cost about $1,000 per square foot ($11,000/m2).[74] Bendit sold his stake in the building the same year.[62]

Late 1990s to present

A glass entrance to the building on 43rd Street
Entrance on 43rd Street

The building had about 65 tenants at the end of the 1990s.[75][76] According to The New York Times, the building's occupants included "lawyers, accountants, salesmen, public relations people, and the staffs of two magazines", namely Essence and Latina; its largest tenant was public-relations firm Edelman, which employed 300 people at the building.[75] 1500 Broadway was also known as Times Square Plaza by 2000.[12] Another billboard, promoting the Wrigley Company, was installed on 1500 Broadway in mid-2001.[27] Major tenants during the 2000s included stock exchange NASDAQ, which leased 60,000 sq ft (5,600 m2) immediately after the September 11 attacks; although NASDAQ quickly moved out, the exchange continued to sublease the space for 20 years.[77] In addition, Edelman continued to occupy a large part of the building until 2009.[78]

By the early 2010s, the building's tenants included Chinese Communist Party–owned newspaper China Daily,[79] in addition to 13 technology companies.[80] The Tamares Group acquired Rushbury Ltd.'s ownership stake in 1500 Broadway for $12 million in 2014 before obtaining a $335 million mortgage loan for the building. This prompted Simon Murray of Rushbury Ltd. to sue the Tamares Group's director, Poju Zabludowicz, claiming that Zabludowicz had convinced Murray to sell his ownership stake because Zabludowicz did not want to share the cash from the mortgage loan.[58] In late 2022, a Gordon Ramsay Fish & Chips restaurant opened in 1500 Broadway,[81] along with a Carlo's Bakery.[82][83] Tamashii Nations opened a toy and collectible store there the next year.[84][85] The building's $335 million loan was sent to special servicing in August 2024.[86][87] Tamares wanted forbearance on the loan as well. At the time, 25% of the space was vacant, and the owner was struggling to find tenants for the vacant space; in addition, two major tenants' leases were scheduled to expire that year.[87] Though Nasdaq chose not to renew its lease at the end of the month, the company continued to operate its signage on the building.[16]

Critical reception

Paul Goldberger criticized the building as having brought "nothing more than Third Avenue banality to a part of town that, whatever its social problems, has always been visually spectacular."[88] Robert A. M. Stern similarly described the building as a "banality", especially as contrasted with the Hotel Claridge.[7] Just before the building's late-1990s renovation, a writer for Crain's New York described 1500 Broadway as "a plain black box with dowdy retail space".[72]

References

Notes

  1. ^ As the two roads intersect at a very shallow angle, they are nearly parallel through Times Square. Broadway is west of Seventh Avenue to the north of 45th Street and east of Seventh Avenue to the south of 44th Street.[3] Because Broadway between 42nd and 47th Streets was closed in the 2010s, 1500 Broadway only faces Seventh Avenue.[4][5]
  2. ^ Other sources cited the building as being 32,[14] 34,[17] or 35 stories high.[18]
  3. ^ Eberson was the son of prolific movie palace designer John Eberson.[21]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
  2. ^ a b c d e "1500 Broadway, 10036". New York City Department of City Planning. Archived from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
  3. ^ a b Pollak, Michael (June 12, 2005). "Times Square Shuffle". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
  4. ^ a b Warerkar, Tanay (April 19, 2017). "See How Snøhetta's Transformation of Times Square Made It More Pedestrian Friendly". Curbed NY. Archived from the original on November 1, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Fishbein, Rebecca (April 19, 2017). "Photos: Times Square's Transformation Into A Pedestrian-Friendly Tourist Fun Zone Is Complete". Gothamist. Archived from the original on November 1, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  6. ^ "Claridge Hotelin Times Square Is Acquired by Douglas Leigh". The New York Times. May 21, 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  7. ^ a b c d e Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995, p. 447.
  8. ^ "Rector's to Open for the Holidays; Work Is Now Being Pushed on the Interior of New Times Square Hotel and Restaurant". The New York Times. December 4, 1910. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 21, 2024. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  9. ^ Chan, Sewell (May 15, 2006). "Neon Nostalgia From Times Square to Be Sold by Sign Maker". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 20, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  10. ^ "Roxburghe Sells Midtown Parcel; Chicago Man Buys Building at Broadway and 43d Building Downtown Sold First Sale in 43 Years". The New York Times. June 17, 1963. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  11. ^ a b c Kaufman, Michael T. (December 13, 1972). "Broadway Greets New Movie Theater". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  12. ^ a b Gelder, Lawrence Van (October 16, 2000). "This Week". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  13. ^ a b c d "News of the Realty Trade". The New York Times. March 17, 1974. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g Fowler, Glenn (January 13, 1970). "32-Story Tower on Times Square Will Be 6Th New Project in Area". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 21, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  15. ^ Goldstein, Matthew (May 17, 1999). "Durst's Uninsured". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 15, no. 20. p. 1. ProQuest 219162088.
  16. ^ a b Elstein, Aaron (August 30, 2024). "Nasdaq to vacate former Times Square headquarters". Crain's New York Business. Retrieved September 5, 2024.
  17. ^ a b Horsley, Carter B. (February 6, 1972). "Industrial Properties, Acreage, Rooms and Board, Section G 1972 The New York Times Company". The New York Times. p. R1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 119407723.
  18. ^ a b c d Kennedy, Shawn G. (May 17, 1989). "Real Estate; Renovation Of Buildings On Times Sq". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  19. ^ a b c d "Pictures: Claridge Hotel Part of New Building For Natl. Genl. Corp.; Two Theatres". Variety. Vol. 257, no. 9. January 14, 1970. p. 30. ProQuest 1014858362.
  20. ^ a b c d "Nat'l General Building Twin Flagships in Broadway Skyscraper". The Independent Film Journal. Vol. 65, no. 4. January 21, 1970. p. 8. ProQuest 1505867839.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h Horsley, Carter B. (December 3, 1972). "Times Square's New Movie Palace Scorns the Palatial: Times Square Theater". The New York Times. p. R1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 119393250.
  22. ^ a b "NGT's National to Open In Times Square Dec. 12". Boxoffice. Vol. 102, no. 5. November 13, 1972. p. 9. ProQuest 1476048327.
  23. ^ a b c d e f "NGT Gives Its Regards To B'way With Lavish New National Theatre". The Independent Film Journal. Vol. 70, no. 12. November 13, 1972. p. 48. ProQuest 1014665905.
  24. ^ a b c d Larsen, Soren (December 1999). "Times Square Studios New York City: Disney's Imagineers and Hlw Concoct an Attention-Getter On a Prominent Site Amid the Cacophony of Times Square" (PDF). Architectural Record. pp. 138–139. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 27, 2024. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  25. ^ a b Carter, Bill (September 18, 1999). "Part ABC Studio, Part Disney Billboard". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 21, 2024. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  26. ^ a b c Lueck, Thomas J. (February 6, 1997). "Times Square to Get More Big TV Screens". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  27. ^ a b Elliott, Stuart (June 19, 2001). "The Media Business: Advertising; After More Than 40 Years, Wrigley Is Set for a Flashy Return to Times Square". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  28. ^ "New Film Theatres In Skyscraper". Back Stage. Vol. 4, no. 11. January 23, 1970. p. 17. ProQuest 963312994.
  29. ^ Alleman, Richard (2013). New York: The Movie Lover's Guide: The Ultimate Insider Tour of Movie New York. Crown. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-8041-3778-2. Archived from the original on August 21, 2024. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  30. ^ Hartnett 1999, pp. 52–53.
  31. ^ a b c d e f Hartnett 1999, p. 52.
  32. ^ Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995, p. 441.
  33. ^ Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995, p. 444.
  34. ^ Schroeder, Robert J. (April 21, 1969). "Broadway's Theatres: 'Too Valuable to Keep'". New York Magazine. Vol. 2. pp. 47–48. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  35. ^ Sibley, John (December 8, 1967). "Board of Estimate Approves Measure to Encourage Theater Construction". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
  36. ^ a b c Kirk, Christina (December 5, 1971). "Broadway Turns the Corner". Daily News. pp. 120, 121. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  37. ^ a b Lelyveld, Joseph (January 5, 1972). "Painting Adorns Building Frame". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 21, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  38. ^ a b Oser, Alan S. (January 18, 1970). "Boom in Office Space Demand Slows a Bit". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 23, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  39. ^ Stern, Mellins & Fishman 1995, pp. 447–448.
  40. ^ "Okay 1,500-Seater For NGC On Site Of Claridge Hotel". Variety. August 11, 1971. p. 4.
  41. ^ Horsley, Carter B. (January 1, 1973). "Subway Noise Threatens Reade Theater Opening". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
  42. ^ Wallach, Amei (December 12, 1973). "Good Times Ahead For Times Square". Newsday. p. 1A. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 917418611.
  43. ^ "Five Leases Signed in McGraw-Hill Building Five Companies Have: News of the Realty Trade Officer Elected Jersey Warehouse Executive Named Full Floor Leased Midtown Lease Broadway Lease". Newsday. July 28, 1974. p. 286. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 119947432.
  44. ^ a b "News of the Realty Trade: Office Center Leases 5 Floors 1500 Broadway Midtown Subleases Midtown Tract Sold Gallant-Roth Executives Named". The New York Times. February 23, 1975. p. R8. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 120214120.
  45. ^ "Junior Leaguers Link Their Aims To Urban League". The New York Times. January 10, 1977. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  46. ^ "Skyscraper Office Spaces Vacant". The Austin American Statesman. December 19, 1975. p. 25. ProQuest 1500100908.
  47. ^ Barmash, Isadore (February 21, 1976). "Chase Will Close Branch at 44th Street and Broadway". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  48. ^ "A Race for Space". Newsweek. Vol. 90, no. 10. September 5, 1977. pp. 72, 74. ProQuest 1879156470.
  49. ^ Horsley, Carter B. (December 23, 1979). "Times Square's Potential Inspires the Developers: Proposals Depend on City Condemning Sites Times Square Potential Inspires Builders". The New York Times. p. R1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 120657001.
  50. ^ "National Twin". Cinema Treasures. Archived from the original on March 24, 2013. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  51. ^ Kennedy, Shawn G. (September 26, 1984). "About Real Estate; Times Sq. Project: Impact on the Area". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  52. ^ Aikman, Becky (October 12, 1987). "Inside New York's Movie Business National Theater Chains Are Shaking Up a Market Of Hard-Core Film Buffs". Newsday. p. 1. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 277810972.
  53. ^ McCain, Mark (November 20, 1988). "Commercial Properties: Shopping for Buildings; 'Trophies' Are Rare, And There Are Risks Aplenty". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  54. ^ a b McNatt, Robert (October 16, 1995). "A Magic Kingdom in the City?". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 11, no. 42. p. 39. ProQuest 219179292.
  55. ^ Deutsch, Claudia H. (June 22, 1994). "Real Estate; A Well-Received Auction of New York Properties Was a Pitchman's Dream, And a Successful One". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  56. ^ Holusha, John (March 9, 1997). "Lag in New Construction Tightens Midtown Market". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 20, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  57. ^ a b Slatin, Peter (November 6, 1995). "Site-Seeing Foreigners in Search of Dream Deal". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 11, no. 45. p. 15. ProQuest 219167330.
  58. ^ a b c Hall, Miriam (November 30, 2016). "Former investor in 1500 Broadway says billionaire owner hoodwinked him into selling stake". The Real Deal. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  59. ^ Brookman, Faye (April 22, 1996). "Turf War: 42nd St.'s Revival May Jeopardize 57th St.'s Outlook". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 12, no. 17. p. 25. ProQuest 219153402.
  60. ^ a b Deutsch, Claudia H. (March 10, 1996). "Commercial Property/Times Square;Those Retail Feet Are Dancing North of 42d Street". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 26, 2015. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  61. ^ Gross, Daniel (October 21, 1996). "Restaurant Build-Outs On the House". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 12, no. 43. p. 53. ProQuest 219149911.
  62. ^ a b Cortese, Amy (May 18, 2008). "A New Stamp on a Vast Space". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  63. ^ a b c Halbfinger, David M. (November 21, 1997). "Metro Business; ABC Confirms Lease For Times Sq. Studio". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  64. ^ Levin, Jay (October 19, 1998). "Signs of Prosperity in Times Square". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 14, no. 42. p. 52. ProQuest 219159351.
  65. ^ a b Carrns, Ann (February 28, 1997). "Seeing Dollar Signs in Times Square". The Wall Street Journal. p. 12:3. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 398566359.
  66. ^ Holusha, John (October 29, 1997). "Commercial Real Estate; Exploiting the Fame of Times Square". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 24, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  67. ^ Brooks, David (October 19, 1998). "State-Of-The-Art Wiring, No Charge". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 14, no. 42. p. 53. ProQuest 219192188.
  68. ^ Bagli, Charles V. (February 8, 1999). "As Rents Soar, Boom Is Slowed in Times Square". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  69. ^ Furman, Phyllis; Williams, Scott (November 21, 1997). "ABC TV Is Going B'way Times Square A.m. Show Eyed". New York Daily News. p. 7. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 313605437.
  70. ^ Carter, Bill (September 18, 1999). "Part ABC Studio, Part Disney Billboard". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 21, 2024. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  71. ^ Bagli, Charles V. (June 20, 1999). "Conde Nast's Stylish Clan Moves Into Times Sq". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 16, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
  72. ^ a b Flamm, Matthew (April 20, 1998). "The New Market for Makeovers". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 14, no. 16. p. 32. ProQuest 219197997.
  73. ^ Lerman, Laurence (November 5, 2000). "Times Square Studios Act as Dioramas to Public". Variety. p. 24. ProQuest 236307456.
  74. ^ Strasse, Kimberley A. (September 29, 1999). "Plots & Plans". The Wall Street Journal. p. B12. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 398674387.
  75. ^ a b Eaton, Leslie (July 25, 1998). "Sorry, Nobody's in the Office; Displaced Companies Work From Hotels and Homes". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  76. ^ Goldstein, Matthew (July 27, 1998). "Insurance Gaps Leave Times Sq. Firms Vulnerable". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 14, no. 30. p. 3. ProQuest 219152394.
  77. ^ Croghan, Lore (January 20, 2003). "Vacancy Sign Lights up in Times Square". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 19, no. 3. p. 3. ProQuest 219167109.
  78. ^ Marks, Andrew (November 30, 2009). "Tough Times in Times Square". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 25, no. 48. p. 12. ProQuest 219214821.
  79. ^ Kusisto, Laura (January 17, 2012). "Chinese Media Aiming High in City". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on November 13, 2012. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  80. ^ Hughes, C. J. (August 28, 2012). "Bargain Seekers Broaden Manhattan's Silicon Alley". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  81. ^ Adams, Erika (May 9, 2022). "Celebrity Chef Gordon Ramsay Is Opening a Fish-And-Chips Chain in Times Square". Eater NY. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  82. ^ Hallum, Mark (September 27, 2022). "Carlo's Bakery Signs 2.2K-SF Lease at 1500 Broadway". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  83. ^ Adams, Erika (September 27, 2022). "Cake Boss to Open Another Bakery in Times Square". Eater NY. Archived from the original on August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  84. ^ "Tamashii Nations Store New York Opens in Times Square". Otaku USA Magazine. September 8, 2023. Archived from the original on August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  85. ^ "New Toys and Collectibles Store to Open in Times Square". Connect CRE. February 19, 2024. Archived from the original on August 13, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  86. ^ Coen, Andrew (August 12, 2024). "CMBS Loan on GMA-Anchored Times Square Property Hits Special Servicing". Commercial Observer. Retrieved August 13, 2024.
  87. ^ a b Cavanaugh, Suzannah (August 14, 2024). "Midtown office default shows refi pain persists". The Real Deal. Archived from the original on August 18, 2024. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
  88. ^ Goldberger, Paul (July 4, 1981). "A Renewal as Lively as Times Square Itself; An Appraisal". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 5, 2022. Retrieved April 5, 2022.

Sources
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya