1565
This article is about the year 1565. For the channel, see
Toon-A-Vision .
Calendar year
March 1 : Rio de Janeiro is founded.Year 1565 (MDLXV common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar .
Events
July 29 – The widowed Mary, Queen of Scots , marries her half-cousin Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley , at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh, in a Catholic ceremony .[ 10] August 6 – Sark , in the Channel Islands , is granted as a fief by Elizabeth I of England to Hellier de Carteret , Seigneur of Saint Ouen .[ 11] [ 12] August 26 – The Chaseabout Raid begins in Scotland as a rebellion against Mary, Queen of Scots by her half-brother, by James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray , following her July 29 marriage to Lord Darnley.August 28 (feast day of St. Augustine) – The Spanish fleet of Pedro Menéndez de Avilés first sights land in Florida .[ 13] August 31 – Chaseabout Raid : Moray and at least 1,000 of his rebels arrive in Edinburgh for a confrontation with the Scottish crown. After cannon fire from Edinburgh Castle, the rebels retreat toward England to seek help. The rebellion is ended by the end of September.September 4 – The Spanish fleet of Pedro Menéndez de Avilés lands in Florida to oust the French under Jean Ribault .[ 14] French colony of Fort Caroline .September 8 – St. Augustine, Florida (named after Augustine of Hippo ), is established by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , becoming the oldest surviving European settlement in the modern-day United States, and a mass of Thanksgiving is said.September 11 – The Knights of Malta lift the Great Siege of Malta after four months.[ 15]
October 11 – Ottavio Gentile Oderico is elected to a two-year term as the Doge of the Republic of Genoa .[ 16] October 18 – Battle of Fukuda Bay : Ships belonging to the Matsura clan of Japan fail to capture a Portuguese trading carrack , in the first recorded naval battle between Japan and a European nation.[ 17] October 20 – In the Northern Seven Years' War , the Battle of Axtorna is fought in Sweden, near Falkenberg , as Daniel Rantzau of the Army of Denmark and Norway leads 7,400 troops in defeating a counterattack by over 11,000 Swedish troops led by Jacob Henriksson Hästesko.[ 18] October – The first Martello tower , the Tour de Mortella , designed by Giovan Giacomo Paleari Fratino (el Fratin), is completed as part of the Genovese defence system at Mortella (Myrtle) Point, in Upper Corsica .[ 19] November 25 – The army of Burma , under the command of King Bayinnaung conquers Chiang Mai , capital of the Siamese Kingdom of Lan Na , and departs on November 30.[ 20] December 31 – The Burmese Army conquers Vientiane , the main city of the kingdom of Lan Xang (now Laos).December – The Mariovo and Prilep rebellion occurs, the very first recorded rebellion by the Macedonian hajduks or voivode against the Ottoman Empire.[ 21]
Date unknown
Births
Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex January 17 – Mariana Navarro de Guevarra Romero , Spanish Roman Catholic nun, member of the Mercedarian Tertiaries (d. 1624 )[ 27] February 13 – Willem Baudartius , Dutch theologian (d. 1640 )[ 28] March 23 – Eilhard Lubinus , German theologian (d. 1621 )[ 29] April 2 – Cornelis de Houtman , Dutch explorer (d. 1599 )April 3 – Anna III, Abbess of Quedlinburg (d. 1601 )May 15 – Hendrick de Keyser , Dutch sculptor and architect born in Utrecht (d. 1621 )[ 30] June 2 – Francisco Ribalta , Spanish painter (d. 1628 )[ 31] June 14 – Francis Tanfield , English governor of the South Falkland colony[ 32] July 6 – Hugh Hamersley , Lord Mayor of London, 1627–1628 (d. 1636 )[ 33] August 5 – Paola Massarenghi , Italian composer (d. unknown)[ 34] August 9 – Louis II, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1627 )[ 35] August 16 – Christina, Grand Duchess of Tuscany (d. 1637 )August 20 – Margaretha van Valckenburch , Dutch shipowner, only female member of the VOC (d. 1650 )[ 36] August 29 – Agostino Ciampelli , Italian painter (d. 1630 )[ 37] September 17 – Edward Fortunatus , German nobleman (d. 1600 )[ 38] September 28 – Alessandro Tassoni , Italian poet and writer (d. 1635 )[ 39] October 6 – Marie de Gournay , French writer (d. 1645 )[ 40] October 12 – Ippolito Galantini , Italian founder of the Congregation of Christian Doctrine of Florence (d. 1619 )[ 41] October 22 – Benedikt Carpzov the elder , German legal scholar (d. 1624 )[ 42] November 10
November 14 – Petrus Bertius , Flemish theologian and scientist (d. 1629 )[ 45] December 2 – Toby Caulfeild, 1st Baron Caulfeild , Northern Irish politician (d. 1627 )[ 46] date unknown
probable
Deaths
Diego Laynez Pope Pius IV January 19 – Diego Laynez , Spanish Jesuit theologian (b. 1512 )[ 57] January 28 – Francisco Cesi , Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1500 )[ 58] February 28 – John, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels and Count of Glatz (b. 1509 )[ 59] March 17 – Alexander Ales , Scottish theologian (b. 1500 )[ 60] c. March – Lope de Rueda , Spanish dramatist (b. c. 1510 )[ 61]
April 2 – Elisabeth Parr, Marchioness of Northampton , English noble (b. 1526 )[ 62] April 27 – Osanna of Cattaro , Dominican visionary and anchoress (b. 1493 )[ 63] May 14 – Nicolaus von Amsdorf , German Protestant reformer (b. 1483 )[ 64] May 5 – Queen Munjeong , Korean queen (b. 1501 )May 28 – Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł , Polish magnate (b. 1515 )[ 65] June 12 – Adrianus Turnebus , French classical scholar (b. 1512 )[ 66] June 17 – Ashikaga Yoshiteru , Japanese shogun (b. 1536 )[ 67] [unreliable source? June 19 – Wolfgang Lazius , Austrian historian (b. 1514 )[ 68] June 23 – Turgut Reis , Ottoman naval commander (b. 1485 )[ 69] July 18 – Kat Ashley , governess of Elizabeth I of EnglandAugust – Jacques Buus , Flemish composer and organist (b. 1500 )[ 70] August 29 – Alfonso Carafa , Italian cardinal (b. 1540 )[ 71] June 25 – Herluf Trolle , Danish Admiral of the Fleet and co-founder of Herlufsholm School (b. 1516 )[ 72] September 13 – William Farel , French evangelist (b. 1489 )[ 73] September 11 –20 – Cipriano de Rore , Flemish composer and teacher (b. 1515 )[ 74] October 4 – Pier Paolo Vergerio , Italian reformer (b. 1498 )[ 75] October 5 – Lodovico Ferrari , Italian mathematician (b. 1522 )[ 76] October 7 – Johannes Mathesius , German theologian (b. 1504 )[ 77] October 12 – Jean Ribault , French explorer and colonizer (b. 1520 )[ 78] October 14 – Thomas Chaloner , English statesman and poet (b. 1521 )[ 79] October 21 – John Frederick III, Duke of Saxony and nominal Duke of Saxe-Gotha (b. 1538 )[ 80] October 22 – Jean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de Servieres , French bibliophile (b. 1479 )[ 81] October 29 – Ranuccio Farnese , Italian prelate (b. 1530 )[ 82] November 2 – Mechthild of Bavaria , German duchess (b. 1532 )[ 83] November 25 – Hu Zongxian , Chinese general (b. 1512 )[ 84] December 9 – Pope Pius IV (b. 1499 )[ 85] December 12 – Johan Rantzau , German general (b. 1492 )[ 86] December 13 – Conrad Gessner , Swiss naturalist (b. 1516 )[ 87] date unknown
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