1883
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1883 .
An 1888 lithograph of the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa . 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII ) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar , the 1883rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini 2nd millennium , the 83rd year of the 19th century , and the 4th year of the 1880s decade. As of the start of 1883, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
February 16 : Ladies Home Journal
January 4 – Life January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee , Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people.January 16 – The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act , establishing the United States civil service , is passed.January 19 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service in Roselle, New Jersey , United States, installed by Thomas Edison .February – The Adventures of Pinocchio Carlo Collodi is first published complete in book form, in Italy.February 15 – Tokyo Electrical Lightning Grid, predecessor of Tokyo Electrical Power (TEPCO ), one of the largest electrical grids in Asia and the world, is founded in Japan.[ 1] February 16 – The Ladies' Home Journal [ 2] February 23 – Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an antitrust law .February 28 – The first vaudeville theater is opened, in Boston , Massachusetts .March 2 – The Hong Kong Observatory is established.[ 3] March 20 – The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is held.[ 4] March 28 – Battle of Gia Cuc : A French force defeats the Vietnamese in northern Vietnam in the run-up to the Sino-French War .
May 24 : Brooklyn Bridge is opened.
July 3 – The SS Daphne sinks on launch in Glasgow , Scotland, leaving 124 dead.[ 6] July 4 – The world's first rodeo is held in Pecos, Texas .July 22 – Zulu King Cetshwayo barely escapes a rebel attack with his life.August – King William's College is opened on the Isle of Man .August 12 – The last quagga dies at the Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam .August 21 – 1883 Rochester tornado : An F5 tornado strikes Rochester, Minnesota , leading to the creation of the Mayo Clinic .August 26 –27 – 1883 eruption of Krakatoa : The volcanic island of Krakatoa erupts at 10:02 AM (local time); 163 villages are destroyed, 36,417 killed by tsunami.August 29 – Dunfermline Carnegie Library , the first Carnegie library , is opened in Andrew Carnegie 's hometown, Dunfermline , Scotland.September 1 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Supremi apostolatus officio September 11 – Major Evelyn Baring becomes Consul-General of Egypt under British rule .September 15
September 29 – A consortium of flour mill operators in Minneapolis forms the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway , as a means to get their product to the Great Lakes ports, avoiding the high tariffs of Chicago.
October 1
October 4
October 15 – The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional, allowing individuals and corporations to discriminate based on race .October 20 – Peru and Chile sign the Treaty of Ancón , by which the Tarapacá province is ceded to Chile, ending Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific .October 22 – The Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram in Vienna (Austria) is the first electric tram powered by overhead wire .October 24 – Cardiff University , Wales, opens (under the name of University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire).October 30 – Two Clan na Gael dynamite bombs explode in the London Underground , injuring several people. The next day, British Home Secretary Vernon Harcourt drafts 300 policemen to guard the underground, and introduces the Explosives Bill.November 3
November 14 – Chile's National Library of Congress is founded.November 18 – U.S. and Canadian railroads institute 5 standard continental time zones , ending the confusion of thousands of local times .November 28 – Whitman College is chartered as a 4-year college in Walla Walla, Washington .December 1 – Battleford Industrial School , the first government-operated Indian residential school opens in Canada.December 5 – Bisbee Massacre : Five people are killed in the robbery of a general store by bandits in Bisbee, Arizona .[ 7] December 16 – Tonkin Campaign : French forces capture the Sơn Tây citadel.December 21 – The Royal Canadian Dragoons and The Royal Canadian Regiment , the first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army, are formed.December 26 – The Harbour Grace Affray takes place in Harbour Grace , Colony of Newfoundland .
Date unknown
Antoni Gaudí begins to work on the Sagrada Família Cathedral in Barcelona (it will be consecrated in 2010 ).Construction of Speicherstadt as a free zone in the Port of Hamburg begins.
During construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1883, blasting and excavation reveal high concentrations of nickel –copper ore at Murray Mine , on the edge of the Sudbury Basin , located near Sudbury, Ontario , Canada.
Otto von Bismarck pushes the first social security law through the Reichstag .The British Parliament considers a major bill to allow Indian judges to try Europeans in India. The British community rises in protest, and defeats the measure.
The Mexican government passes a law allowing real estate companies (controlled by General Porfirio Díaz 's political associates) to survey public and "vacant" lands, and to retain one third of the land they survey.
Bernard Kroger establishes the first Kroger grocery store , in Cincinnati , Ohio .The first purebred Percheron (horse) stud book is created in France.
ASEA is founded by Ludvig Fredholm in Sweden , predecessor of the global electronic equipment and engineering business ABB .[ 8] Founding of:
Births
Ichirō Hatoyama Clement Attlee Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy Karl Jaspers January 1 – Ichirō Hatoyama , Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1959 )January 3 – Clement Attlee , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1967 )January 4 – Johanna Westerdijk , Dutch plant pathologist (d. 1961 )January 5 – Döme Sztójay , Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1946 )January 6 – Kahlil Gibran , Lebanese poet, painter and novelist (d. 1931 )January 10
January 16 – Oswald Short , English aircraft manufacturer (d. 1969 )January 19 – Waite Phillips , American businessman, philanthropist (d. 1964 January 20 – Bertram Ramsay , British admiral (d. 1945 )[ 10] February 8 – Joseph Schumpeter , Austrian economist (d. 1950 )[ 11] February 15 – Sax Rohmer , English author (d. 1959 )February 16 – Koshirō Oikawa , Japanese admiral (d. 1958 )February 22
February 23 – Karl Jaspers , German philosopher (d. 1969 )February 28 – Gheorghe Argeșanu , Romanian general and politician, 40th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1940 )
Maude Fealy Stanley Bruce March 2 – Nikos Kazantzakis , Greek writer (d. 1957 )March 3 – Cyril Burt , British educational psychologist (d. 1971 )March 4
March 7 – Michael Somogyi , Hungarian-American biochemist (d. 1971 )March 19
March 24 – Dorothy Campbell , Scottish golfer (d. 1945 )April 1
April 3 – Henry Diesen , Norwegian admiral (d. 1953 )April 5 – Walter Huston , Canadian-born American actor (d. 1950 )April 11 – Leonard Mudie , English actor (d. 1965 )April 12 – Dally Messenger , Australian rugby league player (d. 1959 )April 15 – Stanley Bruce , 8th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1967 )April 25 – Semyon Budyonny , Cossack cavalryman, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1973 )April 30 – Jaroslav Hašek , Czech writer (d. 1923 )[ 12]
Eleazar López Contreras José Ortega y Gasset Celâl Bayar Walter Gropius Eurico Gaspar Dutra Douglas Fairbanks Victor Franz Hess Pierre Laval May 1 – Tom Moore , Irish-American actor (d. 1955 )May 5
May 9 – José Ortega y Gasset , Spanish philosopher (d. 1955 )May 10 – Eugen Leviné , Communist leader of the Munich Soviet Republic (d. 1919 )May 16
May 18
May 23 – Douglas Fairbanks , American actor (d. 1939 )May 24 – Elsa Maxwell , American gossip columnist, international party giver (d. 1963 )May 25 – Lesley J. McNair , American general (d. 1944 )May 27 – Jessie Arms Botke , American artist (d. 1971 )May 28 – Vinayak Damodar Savarkar , Indian pro-independence activist, Hindu nationalist (d. 1966 )May 31 – Lauri Kristian Relander , President of Finland (d. 1942 )June 5
June 7 – Sylvanus Morley , American scholar, World War I spy (d. 1948 )June 11 – Aubrey Fitch , American admiral (d. 1978 )June 18 – Mary Alden , American stage, screen actress (d. 1946 )June 20 – Royal E. Ingersoll , American admiral (d. 1976 )June 24 – Victor Francis Hess , Austrian-born American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964 )June 28 – Pierre Laval , Prime Minister of France (d. 1945 )June 29 – Lothrop Stoddard , American eugenicist , radical scientific racist (d. 1950 )
Franz Kafka Max Fleischer Benito Mussolini Coco Chanel July 1 – István Friedrich , 24th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1951 )July 3 – Franz Kafka , Austrian writer (d. 1924 )July 4 – Rube Goldberg , American cartoonist (d. 1970 )July 6 – Godfrey Huggins , English-born Rhodesian politician and physician, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (d. 1971 )July 10 – Johannes Blaskowitz , German general (d. 1948 )July 13 – Jack Reagan , American salesman (d. 1941 )July 16 – Charles Sheeler , American photographer, artist (d. 1965 )July 19
July 20 – Catherine Bramwell-Booth , English Salvation Army officer (d. 1987 )July 23
July 25 – Alfredo Casella , Italian composer (d. 1947 )July 26 – Edwin Balmer , American science fiction, mystery writer (d. 1959 )July 29
July 31 – Ramón Fonst , Cuban fencer (d. 1959)August 2 – Aurelio Mosquera , Ecuadorian politician, 25th President of Ecuador (d. 1939 )August 6 – Scott Nearing , American political activist, economist, and simple living advocate (d. 1983 )August 9 – Chester Gillette , American murderer (d. 1908 )August 12
August 15 – Ivan Meštrović , Croatian sculptor and architect (d. 1962 )August 19
August 23
August 30 – Theo van Doesburg , Dutch artist, painter, architect, and poet (d. 1931 )
Mel Sheppard Otto Heinrich Warburg September 2 – Rudolf Weigl , Polish biologist (d. 1957 )September 5 – Mel Sheppard , American Olympic athlete (d. 1942 )September 13 – August Zaleski , 6th President of Poland (d. 1972 )September 15 – Esteban Terradas i Illa , Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (d. 1950 )September 28 – Berta Pīpiņa , Latvian politician (d. 1942 )October 2 – Karl von Terzaghi , Austrian civil engineer and "father of soil mechanics" (d. 1963 )October 5 – Joseph Hubert Priestley , British botanist (d. 1944 )[ 17] October 8 – Otto Heinrich Warburg , German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970 )October 15 – Robert L. Ghormley , American admiral (d. 1958 )October 26 – Paul Pilgrim , American athlete (d. 1958 )October 30 – Bob Jones Sr. , American evangelist, religious broadcaster, and founder of Bob Jones University (d. 1968 )October 31 – Anthony Wilding , New Zealand tennis player (d. 1915 )
Diego Martínez Barrio November 4 – Nikolaos Plastiras , Greek general and politician (d. 1953 )November 8 – Arnold Bax , English composer (d. 1953 )November 9 – Edna May Oliver , American stage and film character actress (d. 1942 )November 11 – Ernest Ansermet , Swiss conductor (d. 1969 )November 14 – Ado Birk , 3rd Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1942 )November 18
November 25
November 26 – Belle da Costa Greene , American librarian, bibliographer, and archivist (d. 1950 )November 29
December 3 – Anton Webern , Austrian composer (d. 1945 )December 9
December 10 – Giovanni Messe , Italian field marshal and politician (d. 1968 )December 12 – Maxey Dell Moody , American businessman and founder of M. D. Moody & Sons, Inc. (d. 1949 )December 14 – Morihei Ueshiba , Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (d. 1969 )December 16 – Max Linder , French actor (d. 1925 )December 22 – Edgard Varèse , French composer (d. 1965 )December 25 – Hugo Bergmann , German and Israeli Jewish philosopher (d. 1975 )December 26 – Maurice Utrillo , French artist and illustrator (d. 1955 )December 28 – Lloyd Fredendall , American general (d. 1963 )December 29 – Forrest Taylor , American stage, film and television actor (d. 1965 )
Date unknown
Deaths
Richard Wagner Keʻelikōlani Karl Marx Édouard Manet January 4 – Antoine Chanzy , French general and colonial governor (b. 1823 )January 8 – Miska Magyarics , Slovene poet in Hungary (b. 1825 )January 10
January 17 – Matilde Diez , Spanish actress (b. 1818 )[ 20] January 23 – Gustave Doré , French artist (b. 1832 )January 24 – Friedrich von Flotow , German composer (b. 1812 )February 13 – Richard Wagner , German composer (b. 1813 )February 15 – Prince Kachō Hiroatsu of Japan (b. 1875 )February 17
February 18 – Francis Abbott , Australian astronomer (b. 1799 )March 4 – Alexander Hamilton Stephens , Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1812 )March 14 – Karl Marx , German communist philosopher (b. 1818 )March 20 – Charles Lasègue , French physician (b. 1816 )March 21 – Grigol Orbeliani , Georgian poet and soldier (b. 1804 )March 27 – John Brown , Scottish personal servant and favourite of Queen Victoria (b. 1826 )March 28 – Napoleon Bonaparte Buford , American general and railroad executive (b. 1807 )April 4 – Peter Cooper , American industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (b. 1791 )April 13 – Archduchess Maria Antonietta of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (b. 1858 )[ 21] April 15 – Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b. 1823 )April 16 – Charles II, Duke of Parma (b. 1799 )April 26 – Napoleon Orda , Belarusian composer and artist (b. 1807 )April 30 – Édouard Manet , French painter (b. 1832 )May 6 – Cecilia Fryxell , Swedish educational pioneer (b. 1806 )[ 22] May 24 – Keʻelikōlani , princess of Hawaii (b. 1826 )[ 23] May 26 – Abdelkader El Djezairi , Algerian leader (b. 1808 )June 6 – Ciprian Porumbescu , Romanian composer (b. 1853)June 11 – Caroline Leigh Gascoigne , English writer (b. 1813)June 20 – John Colenso , English-born mathematician and theologian, Bishop of Natal (b. 1814 )June 26 – Edward Sabine , Irish astronomer (b. 1788 )
Carl Wilhelm Siemens July 15 – General Tom Thumb , American circus performer and entertainer (b. 1838 )July 22 – Edward Ord , U.S. Army officer (b. 1818 )July 23 – Rose Massey , English actress (b. 1851 ?)July 24 – Matthew Webb , English sailor, first recorded person to swim the English Channel without the use of artificial aids (b. 1848 )July 27 – Montgomery Blair , American politician (b. 1813 )July 28 – Carlo Pellion di Persano , Italian admiral and politician (b. 1806 )August 24 – Henri, Count of Chambord , pretender to the French throne (b. 1820 )August 25 – Louise Lateau , Belgian mystic and stigmatist (b. 1850 )September 3 – Ivan Turgenev , Russian writer (b. 1818 )September 10 – Otto Pius Hippius , Baltic German architect (b. 1826 )September 17 – Junius Brutus Booth Jr. , American actor and theatre manager (b. 1821 )October 5 – Joachim Barrande , French palaeontologist (b. 1799 )October 14 – Sir Arthur Elton, 7th Baronet , English writer and Liberal Party politician (b. 1818 )October 20 – George Chichester, 3rd Marquess of Donegall , Anglo-Irish landowner, courtier and politician (b. 1797 )October 22 – Thomas Mayne Reid , Irish-American novelist (b. 1818 )October 30
November 19 – Carl Wilhelm Siemens , German engineer (b. 1823 )November 20 – Tenshoin , wife of 13th Shōgun of Japan, Tokugawa Iesada (b.1836 )November 29 – Elisabeth Dieudonné Vincent , Haitian-born migrant and free woman of colour (b. 1798 )December 13 – Victor de Laprade , French poet and critic (b. 1812 )December 27 – Andrew A. Humphreys , American general and civil engineer (b. 1810 )
Dates unknown
Margaret Agnes Bunn
References
^ ja:東京配電#沿革 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on July 12, 2020.^ "Top 100 U.S. Magazines by Circulation" (PDF) . PSA Research Center . Archived from the original (PDF) on November 15, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2016 .^ "History of the Hong Kong Observatory" . Hong Kong Observatory. May 20, 2011. Archived from the original on January 11, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2011 .^ World Intellectual Property Organization (1983). The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property from 1883 to 1983 ISBN 978-92-805-0099-8 ^ "History of melrose sevens" . Archived from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved March 2, 2014 .^ "SS Daphne" . Clydebuilt Database . Archived from the original on July 7, 2006. Retrieved June 23, 2014 .^ "Bisbee Massacre", in The Encyclopedia of Lawmen, Outlaws, and Gunfighters , Leon Claire Metz, ed. (Infobase Publishing, 2002) p25.
^ Glete, Jan (1987). Asea under hundra år: 1883-1983 . Västerås.{{cite book }}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )^ Stanley Hochman (1984). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes . McGraw-Hill. p. 31. ^ Farrell, Brian P. (May 19, 2011). "Ramsay, Sir Bertram Home (1883–1945), naval officer" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/35661 . Retrieved September 5, 2019 . (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) ^ Humphrey, Thomas M. (2008). "Schumpeter, Joseph (1883–1950)" . In Hamowy, Ronald (ed.). Schumpeter, Joseph (1893–1950) . The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications; Cato Institute. pp. 452–455. doi :10.4135/9781412965811.n276 . ISBN 978-1412965804 LCCN 2008009151 . OCLC 750831024 . ^ Patrick, Julian (2009). 501 great writers : A comprehensive guide to the giants of literature ISBN 9781845433109 ^ Watson, Fiona R. (2004). "Young, Mary Helen (1883–1945), nurse and resistance worker" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/73212 . ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8 . Retrieved August 24, 2022 . (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) ^ Ubaldo Soddu on [1] , Access date 24 February 2020^ "Official US Air Force biography" . Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2022 .^ "Coco Chanel | Biography, Fashion, Designs, Perfume, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved February 19, 2021 .^ Who's Who Macmillan Publishers . 1944. p. 2239. OCLC 49208358 . Retrieved December 6, 2021 .^ Bercin-Drăghicescu, Adina; Dorin, Lozovanu; Virgil, Coman (2012). Aromâni, meglenoromâni, istroromâni: aspecte identitare și culturale ISBN 9786061601486 ^ "SPYBUCK, ERNEST (1883–1949)" . Digital.library.okstate.edu . Oklahoma State University. Retrieved August 30, 2010 .^ The Athenaeum . J. Lection. 1883. p. 194.^ "Il divin salvatore periodico settimanale romano" . Tip. Salviucci. June 7, 1883 – via Google Books.^ Miss SKBL name as parameter ^ Damon, Samuel C. (1883). "The Friend" . Vol. 32, no. 7. S.C. Damon. p. 60.
Further reading and year books
1883 Annual Cyclopedia (1884) online
