Almaden, named after the ancient Spanish mining town of Almadén, traces its history back to the 1820s, when Mexican miners discovered mercury deposits on Rancho Los Capitancillos, which later led to the establishment of the New Almaden mines. Almaden Valley, known for its abundant parkland, is one of the most expensive neighborhoods to live in San Jose and is consistently ranked as one of the most expensive areas in the country.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
History
Almaden was originally inhabited by the Tamien nation of Ohlone people, prior to the arrival of the Spanish. The Ohlone had long utilized the area for its cinnabar, which they used for paint production.[9]
The Hacienda de Beneficio in New Almaden, shown in 1852View of Almaden Valley (William Rich Hutton, c. 1847–1852)
Almaden Valley's origins go back to the early 1800s in what is now its southernmost neighborhood, known as New Almaden (Spanish: Nueva Almadén). In the 1820s, there were several attempts by local Californio officials from the Pueblo of San José to mine the area for silver, including an 1824 venture led by Don Antonio Suñol, a prominent local figure, and Luis Chaboya, of Rancho Yerba Buena.[10]
Quicksilver (mercury) was only successfully identified in 1845, by Mexican cavalry captain Andrés Castillero, who was able to obtain a grant to mine the area by Governor Pío Pico.[10] However, occupied with his military responsibilities, Castillero sold his claim to the mines to Alexander Forbes, then serving as the British Consul to Mexican California.[10] The area was named after the ancient Spanish mining town of Almadén, where mercury has been mined since Roman times.[11][10]
Mercury was extracted from the New Almaden mines from the time of the California Gold Rush until 1975. Many of the names in Almaden retain their mercury mine themes, such as Silver Lode Lane and Silver Mine Drive. Many places in Almaden still use the name Quicksilver.
Post-Conquest era
The Old Almaden Winery, founded in 1852, was the first commercial winery established in California.
Following the American Conquest of California, Almaden Valley attracted a significant amount of settlers from the East Coast and Europe.
In 1852, Charles LeFranc founded Almaden Vineyards, the first commercial winery in California,[12] with his father-in-law Éthienne Thée, using vine cuttings from his native France. Following Prohibition, the winery and the company had great success with their blush wine and the White Grenache Rosé, one of the first popular pink wines in the United States. Almaden Vineyards has since moved its winery to Madera, California, while the historic remains of the property are now known as the Old Almaden Winery, which serves as a public park and California Historic Landmark.[13]
Beginning in the late 1800s, Almaden was home to the Graystone Quarry (originally the Goodrich Quarry), one of the most significant quarries in the Bay Area, used in the construction of landmarks including San Francisco City Hall, Stanford University, Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph, among numerous others. Today, the area where Graystone Quarry once existed and where the Pfeiffer family once lived is occupied by the neighborhood of Pfeiffer, also known as, the Graystone of Almaden, thus named after the quarry's stone master Jacob Pfeiffer and the Quarry.[14][15][16][17]
20th century
A community picnic in 1908 at the Casa Grande in the New Almaden neighborhood of Almaden Valley
In December 1959, the Regents of the University of California selected Almaden Valley to be the site of the next campus of the University of California system.[18] Unfortunately, news of this decision caused property values in the area to increase so rapidly that the Regents could no longer afford to buy the needed land.[18] After another year of study, the Regents selected another site much farther south, which opened in 1965 as the University of California, Santa Cruz.[18]
The Santa Teresa Hills are to Almaden's east, separating it from Santa Teresa, and the Capitancillos Hills of the Sierra Azul are to Almaden's west and south.
Almaden Valley includes all the areas within the 95120 ZIP code, comprising the neighborhoods Almaden Country Club, Calero, Almaden Hills Estates, Almaden Meadows, Graystone, New Almaden, Pfeiffer Ranch, Shadow Brook and several more.
Los Alamitos Creek Trail passes through most of Almaden Valley, starting at the Almaden Lake and ending close to the Almaden Quicksilver County Park Almaden Lake Loop Trail
Almaden Valley is home to an expansive trail system, including:
Integral to Silicon Valley, Almaden is home to numerous high tech companies. It is notably home to the IBM Almaden Research Center, which has played an important role in the discovery and development of new technologies.[25][26][27]
Government
Almaden Valley is part of District 10[28] in the legislative structure of the San Jose City Council and is represented by councilmember and Silicon Valley technology executive Arjun Batra.[29][30]
Arjun Batra is the first Indian-American councilmember for Almaden Valley and District 10,[31] and the first for San Jose since Ash Kalra left in 2016 to serve as the first Indian-American on the California State Legislature.
Prior to this, Matt Mahan, was the council member representing Almaden Valley and District 10, before being elected as the current Mayor of San Jose.
Demographics
Saint Basil the Great Church
The neighborhood is primarily an affluent residential area. The average income per household in Almaden Valley is $297,716[32]
The racial makeup of Almaden Valley was 20,726 (54.4%) White, 13,866 (36.4%) Asian, 2,700 (7.1%) Hispanic or Latino, 741 (1.9%) African American, 124 (0.3%) Native American, 2184 (5.7%) from two or more races and 442 (1.2%) of some other race.
The population was spread out, with 9430 (24.7%) children under the age of 18, 21,243 (55.7%) adults aged 18 to 64, and 7,449 (19.5%) adults aged 65 years or older. The median age was 46.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.
Almaden Valley students attend primary, middle and high schools across three different school districts: San José Unified School District, Campbell Union School District and Los Gatos Union School District. While most neighborhoods are in San José Unified School District, some in the northwest are in the Campbell Union School District, and some in the southwest bordering Los Gatos are in the Los Gatos Union School District.[34]
Almaden is home to numerous annual cultural events, including the Almaden Art & Wine Festival, the Almaden Harvest Festival, and the San Jose Water Lantern Festival.[39][40][dead link][41]
Sporting events held in the area include the Quicksilver Endurance Runs and the Quicksilver Trail Challenge.[42]
Casa Grande was constructed in 1854, under the direction of the mine's general manager, Henry Halleck, who used the building until 1920 as a personal and official residence for the New Almaden Mining Company. John McLaren, of Golden Gate Park fame, assisted in designing the five acres of formally landscaped grounds around the house.
In 1997, Santa Clara County purchased the building to house the Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum, which started as a private collection by Constance Perham, who displayed it in her house in New Almaden. The new museum opened in 1998. The building underwent extensive renovation from 2009 to 2010 to restore it to its configuration when it was a mine manager's residence from 1854 to 1925. It reopened in January 2011. It houses interpretive exhibits and displays on the history of the New Almaden mines and on the lives of its workers and their families.[43]
Hacienda Hotel
The historic Hacienda Hotel, now home to La Forêt, one of San Jose's most famous French restaurants
In the mid-1800s, just a few years before the great California Gold Rush, Andres Castillera, a Mexican officer with the Artillery discovered cinnabar in New Almaden, a precious metal also known as quicksilver which bought Castillera lot of riches. As the word spread, New Almaden was thriving with miners trying to mine more cinnabar themselves.
In 1848, a boarding house was constructed by the creek in New Almaden as a house for boarding for the miners. Hot meals were served in the rustic dining room downstairs. This was the first two-story lodging in California. Fire destroyed the building in 1875 but it was rebuilt and stayed in operation in this capacity until the 1930s.
It was then converted into Cafe Del Rio which served New Almaden for almost 40 years.
In 1992, La Foret, a high-end French restaurant opened in the building. The restaurant, still in operation, is a local landmark in San Jose and well known across the Bay Area for its fine dining.[44][45][46]
A two-teacher school was built in the 1860s on a flat near Casa Grande. Enrollment came chiefly from the Hacienda along with some children from nearby ranches. One of the oldest buildings in the district is the Carson-Perham Adobe, built between 1848 and 1850 by Mexican miners, and later the home of George Carson, the mine company bookkeeper, postmaster, telegraph operator, and Wells Fargo agent. Constance Perham lived in the adobe house for many years and established a private museum there in 1949, the collections of which were purchased in 1983 by Santa Clara County.[47]
The Tillman Story, a 2010 documentary on the life of Pat Tillman, who grew up in Almaden Valley, a defensive back with the Arizona Cardinals. Tillman decided to walk away from a multimillion-dollar contract to go to Afghanistan in 2002, where he was killed. The documentary was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival. It was named 2010 Best Documentary by the San Francisco Film Critics Circle,[51] the St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association, and the Florida Film Critics Circle.[52]
David E. Osborne — Author, Reinventing Government and The Coming. Senior White House advisor, Clinton administration.[60][61] 2018 Spur Award Winner, Historical Novel.[62]
^"Santa Clara Valley Water District: Calero Dam and Reservoir". Archived from the original on 2017-06-20. Retrieved 2017-07-03. Calero Reservoir provides water directly to drinking water treatment plants, which treat and test it for safety. The district then distributes the water to water retailers to sell to the county's 1.8 million residents. Calero also captures and stores winter runoff to recharge groundwater basins, helps store water from the nearby Almaden Reservoir watershed and accepts imported water.
^Knight, Dennis (November 4, 2004). "Pregame Ceremony to Honor Local Hero". San Jose Mercury News. Archived from the original on October 11, 2012. Retrieved November 8, 2007. When Pat Tillman was a freshman at Leland High School, he didn't make the varsity baseball team, despite being one of the best players his age in the South Bay.
^"Reggie Smith". Basketball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 17, 2015.