Cobalt(II) oxide

Cobalt(II) oxide
Names
	IUPAC name Cobalt(II) oxide
	Other names Cobaltous oxide; Cobalt monoxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1307-96-6 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChemSpider	8117730 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.777
EC Number	215-154-6;
PubChem CID	9942118;
RTECS number	GG2800000;
UNII	V9X9644V7Q ;
UN number	3288
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6051649 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Co.O/q+2;-2 Key: IUYLTEAJCNAMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/Co.O/rCoO/c1-2 Key: IVMYJDGYRUAWML-NNYFCMOLAO; InChI=1/Co.O/q+2;-2 Key: IUYLTEAJCNAMJK-UHFFFAOYAY;
	SMILES [Co]=O; [Co+2].[O-2];
Properties
Chemical formula	CoO
Molar mass	74.9326 g/mol
Appearance	olive or gray powder
Odor	odorless
Density	6.45 g/cm3
Melting point	1,933 °C (3,511 °F; 2,206 K)
Solubility in water	insoluble in water
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+4900.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	cubic, cF8
Space group	Fm3m, No. 225
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H317, H410
Precautionary statements	P260, P280, P284, P301+P310+P330, P304+P340+P310, P342+P311, P403+P233
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	202 mg/kg
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 1551
Related compounds
Other anions	Cobalt(II) sulfide; Cobalt(II) hydroxide
Other cations	Iron(II) oxide; Nickel(II) oxide
Related compounds	Cobalt(II,III) oxide; Cobalt(III) oxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Cobalt(II) oxide is an inorganic compound that has been described as an olive-green^[3] or gray^[4] solid. It is used extensively in the ceramics industry as an additive to create blue-colored glazes and enamels, as well as in the chemical industry for producing cobalt(II) salts. A related material is cobalt(II,III) oxide, a black solid with the formula Co₃O₄.

Structure and properties

CoO crystals adopt the periclase (rock salt) structure with a lattice constant of 4.2615 Å.^[5]

It is antiferromagnetic below 289 K.^[6]

Preparation

Cobalt(II) oxide is prepared by oxidation of cobalt powder with air or by thermal decomposition of cobalt(II) nitrate or the carbonate.^[3]^[4]

Cobalt(II,III) oxide decomposes to cobalt(II) oxide at 950 °C:^[7]

2 Co₃O₄ → 6 CoO + O₂

It may also be prepared by precipitating the hydroxide, followed by thermal dehydration:^{[citation needed]}

CoX₂ + 2 KOH → Co(OH)₂ + 2 KX

Co(OH)₂ → CoO + H₂O

Reactions

As can be expected, cobalt(II) oxide reacts with mineral acids to form the corresponding cobalt salts:^{[citation needed]}

CoO + 2 HX → CoX₂ + H₂O

Applications

Cobalt(II) oxide has for centuries been used as a coloring agent on kiln fired pottery. The additive provides a deep shade of blue named cobalt blue. The band gap (CoO) is around 2.4 eV.^{[citation needed]} It also is used in cobalt blue glass.

References

^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
^ Advanced Search – Alfa Aesar – A Johnson Matthey Company Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Alfa.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-19.
^ ^a ^b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ ^a ^b Donaldson, John Dallas; Beyersmann, Detmar (2005). "Cobalt and Cobalt Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_281.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
^ Kannan, R.; Seehra, Mohindar S. (1987). "Percolation effects and magnetic properties of the randomly diluted fcc system CopMg1-pO". Physical Review B. 35 (13): 6847–6853. Bibcode:1987PhRvB..35.6847K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.35.6847. PMID 9940938.
^ Silinsky, P. S.; Seehra, Mohindar S. (1981). "Principal magnetic susceptibilities and uniaxial stress experiments in CoO". Physical Review B. 24 (1): 419–423. Bibcode:1981PhRvB..24..419S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.24.419.
^ US 4389339, James, Leonard E.; Crescentini, Lamberto & Fisher, William B., "Process for making a cobalt oxide catalyst", published 1983-06-21

[1] Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.

[2] Advanced Search – Alfa Aesar – A Johnson Matthey Company Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Alfa.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-19.

[G&E-3] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[Ullmann-4] Donaldson, John Dallas; Beyersmann, Detmar (2005). "Cobalt and Cobalt Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_281.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.

[5] Kannan, R.; Seehra, Mohindar S. (1987). "Percolation effects and magnetic properties of the randomly diluted fcc system CopMg1-pO". Physical Review B. 35 (13): 6847–6853. Bibcode:1987PhRvB..35.6847K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.35.6847. PMID 9940938.

[6] Silinsky, P. S.; Seehra, Mohindar S. (1981). "Principal magnetic susceptibilities and uniaxial stress experiments in CoO". Physical Review B. 24 (1): 419–423. Bibcode:1981PhRvB..24..419S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.24.419.

[7] US 4389339, James, Leonard E.; Crescentini, Lamberto & Fisher, William B., "Process for making a cobalt oxide catalyst", published 1983-06-21

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