CR 531 begins at CR 514 in Edison. It heads north, soon passing under the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95) without an interchange. It has a partial cloverleaf interchange with US 1 before crossing over I-287. One ramp from southbound I-287's exit 1B provides access to CR 531 south. CR 531 continues north through a residential neighborhood. Known as Main Street, it proceeds northward into Metuchen. It has an intersection of Amboy Avenue (CR 501) while passing through Downtown Metuchen. It travels under Amtrak's Northeast Corridor at the Metuchen Train Station serving NJ Transit's Northeast Corridor Line while it later intersects with Middlesex Avenue (Route 27). CR 531 makes a short jog to the west where it becomes known as Plainfield Avenue, then turns to the north on Plainfield Road, crossing back into Edison, passing by St. Joseph High School. It then turns west on to Park Avenue before turning to the north again.[3]
It continues north through Edison and South Plainfield. The route passes near Putnam Park and intersects with Maple Avenue (CR 602) (also the terminus of unsigned CR 509). It crosses into Plainfield, Union County traveling near Cedar Brook Park and Plainfield High School. County maintenance of the road ends at the intersection of West 9th Street/East 9th Street in Plainfield while the city-maintained CR 531 continues northeast through Downtown Plainfield along Park Avenue. In the center of the city's business district, it intersects with Route 28. Route 28 splits into one way street. Eastbound direction follows West 5th Street/East 5th Street and westbound direction follows West 4th Street/East 4th Street, which provides access to Plainfield Train Station serving NJ Transit's Raritan Valley Line. Upon crossing the Green Brook into North Plainfield, Somerset County, county maintenance of the route resumes and the road name becomes Somerset Street. The mainline of CR 531 jogs to the east for one block at Pearl Street before turning northwest onto Watchung Avenue.[1] However, Somerset Street is a borough-maintained alternate route of CR 531 which travels through the central business district of North Plainfield.[4][5]
The two legs of CR 531 eventually reach the interchange with US 22. Watchung Avenue and Somerset Street provide right-in/right-out access to both sides of US 22, however for through traffic along CR 531, an overpass located between the two legs of the route is used to cross US 22. Heading northwest, the two legs of CR 531 come together and the road heads through a water gap formed by Stony Brook through the First Watchung Mountain towards Watchung. In the center of the borough, CR 531 and CR 527 intersect at the Watchung Circle. CR 531 and CR 527 share a brief concurrency along Valley Road to the northeast of the circle before breaking off onto Hillcrest Road while CR 527 continues east-northeast on Valley Road. This road heads north into Warren where it has an interchange with I-78 at its exit 40. CR 531 turns northwest to continue on Hillcrest Road and crosses the Passaic River into Long Hill, Morris County. The road reaches its northern terminus at the intersection of Valley Road (CR 512) in the community of Gillette, where CR 638 continues north on Mountain Avenue.[3]