Discoaster

Discoaster; Temporal range: Paleocene –Pleistocene Most abundant during Miocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Discoaster surculus, about 15 μm across
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Haptophyta
Class:	Prymnesiophyceae
Order:	Coccosphaerales
Family:	Coccolithaceae
Genus:	†Discoaster; Tan Sin Hok (1931)

Discoaster is a genus of extinct star-shaped marine algae, with calcareous exoskeletons of between 5-40 μm across that are abundant as nanofossils in tropical deep-ocean deposits of Neogene age. Discoaster belongs to the haptophytes. About 100 species can be recognized.^[2]

Biostratigraphic significance

The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has assigned the extinction of Discoaster brouweri as the defining biological marker for the start of the Calabrian Stage of the Pleistocene, 1.806 million years ago. ICS has assigned the extinction of Discoaster pentaradiatus and Discoaster surculus as the defining biological marker for the start of the Gelasian Stage, 2.588 million years ago, the earliest stage of the Pleistocene. ICS further assigned the extinction of Discoaster kugleri as biological marker for the start of the Tortonian Stage of the Miocene, 11.62 million years ago.

Species

Some species in this genus include:^[2]^[3]^[4]

*Discoaster*
Species	Authority
D. asymmetricus	Gartner
D. bellus	Bukry & Percival
D. berggrenii	Bukry
D. bollii	Martini & Bramlette
D. brouweri	Bramlette & Riedel
D. calcaris	Gartner
D. exilis	Martini & Bramlette
D. hamatus	Martini & Bramlette
D. intercalaris	Bukry
D. kugleri	Martini & Bramlette (1963)
D. loeblichii	Bukry
D. neohamatus	Bukry & Bramlette
D. neorectus	Bukry
D. pentaradiatus	(Tan, 1931) Bramlette & Riedel
D. quintatus	Gartner
D. surculus	Martini & Bramlette
D. toralus	Ellis, Lohmann, & Wray
D. triradiatus	Tan (1931)
D. variabilis	Martini & Bramlette
D. arneyi	—

References

^ Bukry, David (1971). "Discoaster evolutionary trends". Micropaleontology. 17 (1). The Micropaleontology Project, Inc.: 43–52. doi:10.2307/1485036. JSTOR 1485036.
^ ^a ^b "Discoasters". Springer Reference. Springer. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
^ Raffi, I.; Mozzato, C.; Fornaciari, E.; Hilgen, F.J.; Rio, D. (Spring 2003). "Late Miocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and astrobiochronology for the Mediterranean region". Micropaleontology. 49 (1). The Micropaleontology Project, Inc.: 1–26. doi:10.1661/0026-2803(2003)049[0001:LMCNBA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 198157383.
^ Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Discoaster". World-wide electronic publication. AlgaeBase. Galway, IE: National University of Ireland. Retrieved 2009-02-21.

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[Bukry-1971-1] Bukry, David (1971). "Discoaster evolutionary trends". Micropaleontology. 17 (1). The Micropaleontology Project, Inc.: 43–52. doi:10.2307/1485036. JSTOR 1485036.

[SpringerRef-2] "Discoasters". Springer Reference. Springer. Retrieved 4 July 2013.

[Raffi-etal-2003-3] Raffi, I.; Mozzato, C.; Fornaciari, E.; Hilgen, F.J.; Rio, D. (Spring 2003). "Late Miocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and astrobiochronology for the Mediterranean region". Micropaleontology. 49 (1). The Micropaleontology Project, Inc.: 1–26. doi:10.1661/0026-2803(2003)049[0001:LMCNBA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 198157383.

[AlgaeDB-4] Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Discoaster". World-wide electronic publication. AlgaeBase. Galway, IE: National University of Ireland. Retrieved 2009-02-21.

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