FC Bayern Munich are a football club based in the city of Munich in Bavaria, Germany. Founded in 1900, they have been competing in UEFA competitions since the 1960s and have become one of the most successful teams in Europe, winning eight major continental trophies[1] including six European Cup/Champions League titles[3][4][5] and are ranked joint third among all clubs across the continent in this regard.[6] Bayern are by far Germany's most successful international representatives: no other teams from that nation have won Europe's premier competition more than once, or have more than two trophy wins overall.[7]
Bayern were not one of the major teams in West Germany in the years following the end of World War II and the partition of the nation, and had been treated unfavourably by the Nazi regime due to the Jewish origins of their founders prior to 1945.[9] They were inaugural members of the Oberliga Süd in 1945 but never finished higher than 3rd in that region so were not eligible to compete for the overall championship, which gave access to the new European Cup from 1955. Bayern finished behind city rivalsTSV 1860 Munich in the 1962–63 campaign and were not invited to join the nationwide Bundesliga which had was due to start the following season[9] – the organisers invited other clubs who had finished lower as they did not want more than one entrant per city. However, the club did take part in a European competition for the first time in that 1962–63 season, reaching the quarter-finals of the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (a non-UEFA competition which at that time was organised by invitation for clubs in cities which hosted trade fairs, although its qualification path later became more closely associated with placings in each national league and is considered the forerunner of the UEFA Cup). They had already won the national cup in 1956–57,[9] but the European Cup Winners' Cup would not be introduced until three years later.
Under coach Zlatko Čajkovski, Bayern gained promotion to the Bundesliga for the 1965–66 season[9] and finished third (1860 were champions).[10] That year they also won the Cup again, so entered a UEFA competition for the first time, namely the 1966–67 European Cup Winners' Cup. They went on to lift that trophy, beating Scottish club Rangers 1–0 after extra time in the final.[10] Bayern were fortunate in that the match was played in Bavaria, with the contest in Nuremberg (Franconia) being almost a home tie, and also benefitted from their opponents' chaotic preparations: Rangers had eliminated the holders and fellow Germans Borussia Dortmund in an earlier round,[11] but had since dispensed with the services of two prolific forwards who took the blame for a shock defeat in the Scottish Cup in January 1967, instead relying on a converted defender who did not have the quality required to overcome the Bayern resistance.[11] The winning side contained several young local talents[12][13] – goalkeeper Sepp Maier, sweeper Franz Beckenbauer and striker Gerd Müller who would become recognised as world-class in their positions, plus midfielder Franz Roth (scorer of the only goal in 1967) and reserve defender Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck – all of whom would be integral to the spell of great success about to be enjoyed by the club.[10]
In their attempt to retain the Cup Winners' Cup, Bayern lost to eventual winners A.C. Milan in the semi-finals, but won their first double in 1969.[10][12] They were eliminated from the 1969–70 European Cup at the first hurdle as French team Saint-Etienne overturned a 2–0 deficit from Germany to win 3–0 at their own stadium, contributing to the departure of head coach Branko Zebec (who was later acknowledged as having laid many of the foundations of what was to follow)[14] - but also was said to be unstable due to a drinking problem. His successor Udo Lattek, who had been recommended to the club by Beckenbauer, recruited Paul Breitner and Uli Hoeneß, another two important additions to the squad.[15] Ironically, it was Beckenbauer who blamed Lattek later on for "playing tennis with teammembers on the day of an important match which we lost consequently" (in the first of his "autobiographies", called "Einer wie ich"), and is thought to have masterminded the switch to Dietmar Cramer, his former coach at age 17 in the "Youth National Team".
In 1972–73, Bayern reached the last eight before losing to holders Ajax, who would go on to retain their title.[12] However, the Bundesliga was successfully defended, and another opportunity in the European Cup beckoned in 1973–74. That campaign was almost a very short one, with a penalty shootout required to overcome Swedish semi-professionals Åtvidaberg in the first round (Bayern were sufficiently impressed with the opposition's Conny Torstensson to sign him a short time later).[21][22] Subsequent rounds behind the Iron Curtain, including a narrow hard-fought 7–6 victory over East Germans Dynamo Dresden for the 'true German Championship',[23][24][25][26] brought the club to their first Champions Cup final, to be staged at Heysel Stadium in Brussels, the same venue as West Germany's Euro victory. The opposition, Atlético Madrid, were known for their defensive strength, and the 90 minutes ended goalless. When Atlético scored with only five minutes of extra time remaining it seemed like Bayern's dream was over, but a Schwarzenbeck goal with a shot from 30 yards in the last minute meant the tie was saved and a replay was needed.[12][27][28] 48 hours later, Bayern produced a superior performance, Hoeneß and Müller each scoring twice, and the 4–0 result brought European football's biggest prize to Bavaria, and indeed to Germany, for the first time.[12][10][27][28]
Two months after the European Cup victory, Bayern's players formed the spine of the West Germany national team which won the 1974 FIFA World Cup on home soil, defeating bitter rivalsthe Netherlands in the final held in Munich.[10][29] Beckenbauer, 'Der Kaiser' was the captain and the goals were scored by Breitner and Müller. The outcome represented a shift in power away from the Dutch, whose clubs had participated in the past five European Cup finals but would not be involved again for 14 years.
Bayern and Cup Winners' Cup holders 1. FC Magdeburg of East Germany[30] proved unable to find suitable dates for a European Super Cup meeting. The East's national team had recorded a shock win over the West when they met in the group stage of the World Cup a few months earlier,[31] but when the draw for the second round of the 1974–75 European Cup brought those very teams together by chance, it was again Bayern representing the West who came out on top, although not without problems after falling behind in the first leg.[32][33]
With Dettmar Cramer[12][34] newly installed as head coach after parting company with Lattek in January 1975,[32] they progressed past two further opponents including Saint-Etienne to set up a meeting with Leeds United in the Paris final. The result was a 2–0 win for Bayern with goals by Roth and Müller,[12] but the event would be unfavourably remembered for some brutal challenges by the Leeds players and several debatable decisions by the French referee in Bayern's favour including a disallowed goal.[35][36] This led some English fans to riot in frustration, using broken seats as missiles within the stadium and continuing to damage property in the city through the night.[35]
Domestically, Gladbach won the title and Bayern finished only 10th; they were minus Breitner who had moved to Real Madrid, although their future star Karl-Heinz Rummenigge had joined the club and was an unused substitute in Paris. The following season, the club played in the European Super Cup for the first time, but lost both legs of the tie to Dynamo Kyiv.[37][38]
Bayern again made little challenge for the domestic title, eventually finishing third as the key players passed their physical peak and lost some of their hunger having won every trophy they could;[12] however, encouraged by the promise of big win bonuses in the competition,[39] Bayern reached the European Cup final once again, defeating Real Madrid in the semis[39] (with Müller and the referee assaulted on the pitch by a spectator at the end of the first leg)[40][41] to face Saint Etienne in Glasgow. Roth scored the only goal in the second half to bring the trophy home for a third time in succession (following Real Madrid and Ajax in this achievement which allowed them to keep the trophy permanently),[12] while the French team asserted afterwards that it was only the unusual square goalposts at Hampden Park which prevented them from scoring when their attempts struck the crossbar on two occasions.[42][43][44] Bayern Munich were represented by four of the West Germany side in the UEFA Euro 1976 Final that summer in Belgrade, but the national squad were also slightly past their absolute best and lost on penalties to Czechoslovakia.[45]
Bayern lost their second Super Cup match to Anderlecht that August,[46][47] but took part in the Intercontinental Cup for the first time,[10] having ceded their 1974 invitation to Atlético Madrid[48] and been unable to find mutually suitable fixture dates with their South American Libertadores Cup-winning counterparts in 1975 (it has also been suggested there was a reluctance to play against Argentinian sides, as would have happened in both those years, due to violence in previous editions).[49] The opposition in November and December 1976 was Brazil's Cruzeiro; Bayern secured a 2–0 first leg lead in a snowy Munich – inevitably Gerd Müller was a scorer, along with Jupp Kapellmann[34] – and held on for a goalless draw across the Atlantic Ocean a month later in front of a crowd of 117,000 at the Mineirão[34] to become the world champions (at the time that title was unofficial, but was retrospectively awarded as such by FIFA in 2017).[8][50][51]
A West German club reached the 1977 European Cup Final, but it was Lattek's Gladbach who did so; their loss to Liverpool signalled the start of a period of dominance in that competition by English teams.[15] Bayern had finally relinquished their grip on the trophy at the quarter-final stage, losing to Dynamo Kyiv. Gerd Müller was the competition's top scorer for the fourth time. Domestically they dropped down to 7th, scraping into the UEFA Cup for the first time, but then were eliminated by fellow Bundesliga club Eintracht Frankfurt in the early rounds of that tournament; between the two legs of the tie (already all but lost with a heavy 4–0 deficit) Bayern engaged in an unusual 'trainer exchange' with the opposition, with Dettmar Cramer going west to Frankfurt am Main and Gyula Lóránt east to Munich,[52] but despite this change, they finished the 1977–78 season at home in a historic low placing of 12th, meaning there would be no European football at all in the next campaign.[52] It was the end of that era, but it would not be the club's last spell of success by any means.
Aided by the return of Paul Breitner, it took Bayern and coach Pál Csernai little more than a year to re-establish themselves as a force, finishing 4th in the 1978–79 Bundesliga to qualify for the 1979–80 UEFA Cup, where they reached the semi-finals, beating 1. FC Kaiserslautern then losing to the eventual winners Frankfurt[53] – all the semi-finalists were from West Germany, a unique situation which in combination with the presence of Hamburger SV in the European Cup final demonstrated the quality of their league at that time.[54] Bayern regained the Bundesliga championship, but Rummenigge was their sole representative on the field as the West Germany team won UEFA Euro 1980, such was the strength across several of their clubs.[55] This period also saw what would prove to be an important off-field appointment as Uli Hoeneß, forced to retire early from playing due to injury, was installed as general manager.[10]
Another semi-final was reached in 1981, this time back in the Champions Cup, and again the club who knocked them out – Liverpool, on away goals – won the trophy.[56][57]
Bayern held off Hamburg for another domestic title and access to the 1981–82 European Cup, and went all the way to the final in Rotterdam. In a surprise outcome, the final was lost to English opposition, but rather than holders Liverpool (eliminated by CSKA Sofia who had then lost to Bayern)[58] the victors were surprise package Aston Villa, who had never been in contention for a continental final previously and would never be again in the decades to follow, had changed manager a few months before the final[58] and finished 11th in their domestic league, the lowest ever position by a European champion (surpassing Bayern's own 10th place in 1975).[59] Bayern were unable to get past Villa's defence despite the Birmingham side having to substitute experienced goalkeeper Jimmy Rimmer with rookie Nigel Spink in the opening minutes. Along with Rummenigge, Bernd Dürnberger and Udo Horsmann were survivors from the 1976 final.
The club had returned to winning ways at home, and had won two successive championships and on their way to a third when they progressed through the rounds of the 1986–87 European Cup, disposing of four strong rivals: PSV, Austria Wien, Anderlecht and Real Madrid (the first leg of which featured an assault on Lothar Matthäus by Juanito, and the second a hail of missiles onto the pitch from the Spanish supporters with the tie lost)[66][40] – to meet FC Porto in the final. By this time English clubs had been banned from competing after the events of Heysel in 1985, removing one opponent of likely high strength from the draw.[67] The Portuguese club had little European pedigree aside from being runners-up in the Cup Winners' Cup three years earlier, and as in 1982, Bayern were installed as favourites. Although they had lost Karl-Heinz Rummenigge to the Italian team Inter Milan in a record deal which was essential to restore the club's financial security,[61] the side now included his brother Michael,[68] and also contained four members of the West Germany team – Norbert Eder, Lothar Matthäus, Dieter Hoeneß (younger sibling of Uli) and Andy Brehme – which had lost another World Cup final in Mexico the previous summer[60] (where the club's Belgian goalkeeper Jean-Marie Pfaff was nominated the best in the tournament) and so were desperate to avoid more heartache, as well as more experienced in big events than the Portuguese team. Another Germany regular and Bayern youth product Klaus Augenthaler[13] had already been left disappointed when he was suspended for the encounter.[69] They were also coached again by Udo Lattek, who had an important role in their 1970s success, and had by far the majority of the support in Vienna, only 400 kilometres (250 mi) from Munich. Despite these seemingly favourable circumstances, and taking the lead on the night through youngster Ludwig Kögl, Bayern were unable to hold their advantage and Porto scored two skillful goals in three minutes late in the game to transform the outcome and take the prize, breaking a pattern of no team having to score more than once in the past decade of finals to win.[69][70][61][15] The defeat of the Bayern team that was assembled relatively inexpensively from within Germany was said to have caused Uli Hoeneß to switch focus onto attracting international stars in an attempt to revive the club's fortunes.[68]
Brehme and Matthäus soon also departed for Italy (specifically Inter), and after suffering a defeat to the Netherlands on home soil in the UEFA Euro 1988 tournament, they were in the national side which won the World Cup in that nation in 1990.[71] Led by Franz Beckenbauer as coach, serving Bayern players Stefan Reuter, Jürgen Kohler, Raimond Aumann, Hans Pflügler, Olaf Thon and Augenthaler were also in that World Cup winning squad,[72][60] although the moves of defenders Reuter and Kohler to Italy in 1991 (along with several more German players) meant that Bayern had to reinforce their back line again.
Under Jupp Heynckes as coach, the team reached the semi-finals of the UEFA Cup in 1989 and the European Cup in 1990 and 1991, with their conquerors Napoli,[73] Milan and Red Star Belgrade winning the title on each occasion - extra time had been needed for Milan to beat Bayern on away goals,[74] while Red Star progressed due to an unfortunate own goal by Augenthaler in the last minute.[75][76] Outside official UEFA competitions, German reunification took place in this period, and in November 1990 Bayern played in the commemorative single-game Deutschland-Cup as reigning champions of the West, losing 1–0 to the 1990 East German title holders Dynamo Dresden at their home ground.[26]
Only one Bundesliga title was collected in a transitional period between 1990 and 1996. After a record-equalling margin of loss (6–2) in the first leg of their defeat at the hands of Denmark's B 1903 in the 1991–92 UEFA Cup's early rounds,[77] the club did not qualify for Europe at all the following year, and in 1993 suffered elimination from the same competition by Norwich City, who became the first English team to win at the Olympiastadion.[78] Matthäus returned to Bavaria in 1992[71] and the club also picked up some of the most promising talents from around Germany, including goalkeeper Oliver Kahn, defenders Christian Ziege, Markus Babbel, Thomas Helmer and midfielder Mehmet Scholl, plus Brazilian Jorginho who would win the World Cup while at the club in 1994.[60] Franz Beckenbauer and Karl-Heinz Rummenigge were also invited to rejoin the club in an executive capacity. Bayern's first experience of the new-style[59]UEFA Champions League in the 1994–95 season was ended in the semi-finals by eventual winners Ajax, coached by Louis van Gaal,[79] who did not lose a match in any competition that year.[72]
In that year's domestic campaign, Bayern finished 6th and only qualified for the 1995–96 UEFA Cup due to Mönchengladbach, who were one place higher, also winning the Pokal and entering the Cup Winners' Cup. That good fortune was capitalised upon, as new signing Jürgen Klinsmann became the competition's leading striker with a record haul of 15 goals[80] helping the club past rivals including FC Barcelona. Despite this, poor domestic results led to coach Otto Rehhagel losing his position before the two-legged final against Girondins Bordeaux; Beckenbauer, who had taken on the role of club president after winning the title as coach in 1993–94, stepped back onto the bench temporarily.[72] Wins in both legs, each featuring a strike from Scholl, sealed a 5–1 aggregate victory over the French team who had only entered the UEFA Cup via the UEFA Intertoto Cup, the pre-season qualifying competition.[81][82][83] As well as the first continental title in 20 years, claiming the UEFA Cup after the Cup Winners' Cup and the Champions Cup meant that Bayern became only the third club to win each of those three main UEFA competitions, after Juventus and Ajax.[84] That summer, Germany became European champions again, with several of Bayern's contingent (other than Matthäus who was not selected and Kahn who stayed on the bench throughout)[71] playing prominent roles in the triumph in England.[85] A year after their UEFA Cup final, Former Bordeaux full-back Bixente Lizarazu moved to Bayern after a short spell at Athletic Bilbao.
Nevertheless, winning a fourth European Cup remained an ongoing priority. The elite competition was revamped to include runners-up in addition to league champions,[59] later being expanded further, which meant prominent clubs like Bayern would rarely fail to qualify, but would now have to face multiple contenders from the other top leagues to reach the latter stages whereas in the past a favourable draw and results elsewhere could make progression more straightforward. The final year of solely champions being invited, 1996–97, concluded with the final at Munich's Olympiastadion. Bayern could only look on with envy as German rivals Borussia Dortmund lifted the coveted Henkelpott in their first appearance in the final with a victory over Juventus, with the Dortmund team including the ex-Bayern pair Kohler and Reuter (they and three other teammates had also formerly played for Juventus).[86][87] Bayern had the consolation of winning the Bundesliga under Giovanni Trapattoni, but they were eliminated from the next edition of the Champions League by Dortmund and lost the league crown to newly-promoted Kaiserslautern, coached by Rehhagel.[88]
If those were disappointing outcomes, worse was to follow. In the 1998–99 UEFA Champions League, Bayern topped a tough group containing Alex Ferguson's Manchester United and a Barcelona team coached by van Gaal, eliminating the latter,[89] then easily defeated Kaiserslautern and narrowly overcame Dynamo Kyiv[89] to set up a rematch with Manchester United in the final at Camp Nou, the first time the occasion would feature two clubs who had not won their domestic league or the Champions Cup the previous season.[59] Leading through an early free-kick from Mario Basler, Bayern (without Lizarazu and leading forward Giovane Élber through injury) squandered chances to extend their lead but seemed to have done enough for a 1–0 win going into stoppage time. However, the English side, also missing important midfielders through suspension, found an equaliser from a corner kick in the 91st minute, quickly forced another corner and scored again.[89] Bayern had no time or energy to respond, and the cup was on its way to Old Trafford. The dramatic circumstances of the defeat left several players distraught, while the club and supporters had to come to terms with a third narrow loss in a European Cup final.[68] A few weeks later they lost the 1999 DFB-Pokal Final to Werder Bremen on penalties,[72] although the Bundesliga title had been reclaimed by a huge margin weeks before the Barcelona showpiece.
Bayern bounced back immediately in the 1999–2000 season, winning a league and cup double and only losing in the semi-finals of the Champions League to eventual winners Real Madrid, whom they had already defeated heavily twice in the group stage.[91] When the same teams met again at the same point in the 2000–01 edition, Bayern secured a 1–0 victory at the Bernabéu through Élber, who also scored in the return leg (as he had in a 'revenge' win over Manchester United in the quarter-final)[91] to secure another final berth.[92]
Mehmet Scholl's 2001 Champions League winner's medal, on display at the club museum.
While Bayern, had just sealed a third league title in a row, appeared cursed not to win the European Cup again – in contrast to the Bayern-luck which was perceived to benefit them in domestic competitions such as their two most recent league titles, won on the final day by the narrowest of margins[91] – their opponents at the San Siro showdown would be Valencia, the team beaten by Madrid in the 2000 final, therefore it was something of a 'battle of the losers' (the first time the previous two beaten finalists had met)[59] with one club to be redeemed and another to suffer a second misfortune in quick succession. The match was a tense affair, ending 1–1 after extra time with both goals from penalty kicks (Bayern's from Stefan Effenberg in the second half after Scholl failed to score from one in the first period),[93] leading to a shootout in which Kahn saved three of Valencia's seven attempts for a 5–4 victory,[93][94] the end of a 25-year wait to lift the 'big ears cup' for a fourth time,[91] and a sense of both triumph and relief for the players and head coach Ottmar Hitzfeld who had been involved two years earlier (by contrast, for Hitzfeld's counterpart Héctor Cúper it was his third defeat in major European finals in as many years).
Bayern lost the 2001 UEFA Super Cup to Liverpool (whose team contained their former players Markus Babbel and Dietmar Hamann)[97][98] but won the 2001 Intercontinental Cup over Boca Juniors in Tokyo through a goal from Samuel Kuffour in extra time[99][91] to be named world champions for a second time. French international Lizarazu became the first player to be simultaneously a European and World champion at club and international level[100] (the feat would later be emulated in 2011 by the Spanish players of Barcelona; Bayern's previous Champions Cup stalwarts were no longer reigning European international title holders by the time they won the Intercontinental Cup in late 1976). Bayern relinquished the Bundesliga title to Dortmund, and in the Champions League it was Real Madrid who prevailed in their latest battle, in the quarter-finals[91] – the Spaniards again went on to claim the trophy, overcoming Germans Bayer Leverkusen (who had finished above Bayern Munich in the domestic league) in the final. These Bayern-Madrid matches signalled the start of what became something of a rivalry between the two famous clubs, as the meetings between them became a frequent occurrence (although they have never met in a final).[101][102][103]
Despite the national team going through a poor spell by their standards, due in part to the leading clubs such as Bayern choosing to bring in established foreign imports rather than developing young local players from their Junior team,[13][105] Germany unexpectedly reached the 2002 FIFA World Cup Final – Bayern's representatives[60] were defender Thomas Linke, midfielder Jens Jeremies, forward Carsten Jancker and goalkeeper Kahn, who won the Golden Ball as the tournament's best player, the first in his position to win it and also the first from the club, eclipsing the heroes of the past generation in that respect. Germany's other star in 2002 was Michael Ballack who transferred to Bayern from Leverkusen immediately after the tournament. Despite a good scoring rate for Bayern, Élber was not selected for the Brazil squad which won the competition.
Bayern won three German doubles in the next four seasons,[91] but failed to reach the last four in the Champions League. In 2005 the club moved from the Olympiastadion to the new Allianz Arena,[91] built for the 2006 FIFA World Cup to be held in Germany, giving a significant increase in capacity for home matches as well as moving the spectators closer to the playing field for improved atmosphere. At the World Cup, a Germany squad including young Bavarians Bastian Schweinsteiger and Phillipp Lahm,[13] as well as Lukas Podolski who joined Bayern from 1. FC Köln later that summer, lost to winners Italy in the semi-finals but defeated Portugal to claim the bronze medal. The 2006–07 season was a disappointment as Bayern again failed to make much impact in Europe (losing to Italian opposition in Milan)[106] and finished fourth at home, out of the Champions League places.[91] Installed as favourites for the 2007–08 UEFA Cup, they overcame Aberdeen after waiting 25 years to meet the Scots again,[107][108] but lost to Zenit Saint Petersburg in the semi-finals;[91] the Russians defeated another Scottish team, Rangers, in the final. Bayern returned to winning ways domestically with another double, but surrendered both trophies in 2008–09 and once more went no further than the last eight in the Champions League.[91]
Louis van Gaal became Bayern head coach in summer 2009, spending large sums on forwards Mario Gómez and Arjen Robben,[109] adjusting Schweinsteiger's role and installing youngsters Holger Badstuber and Thomas Müller into the line-up,[109][13][110] while allowing players like Podolski and Lúcio to depart. The changes brought not only another domestic double but improvement in the Champions League – another final was reached with the possibility of a historic treble,[111] but the tactics of Jose Mourinho's Inter Milan (featuring Lúcio in defence) proved superior with a 2–0 win in Madrid, and it was the Italian club which claimed a treble of their own.[112][113][109]
At the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the numerous Bayern players in the Germany squad would be left disappointed again as they finished 3rd, losing 1–0 in the semi-final to Spain, who had also defeated Germany by the same scoreline in the UEFA Euro 2008 Final. The club's Dutch players Robben and Mark van Bommel were on the losing side in both finals.[60] Thomas Müller was the winner of the Golden Boot with five goals and was the 'best young player', while Schweinsteiger and Lahm were named in the tournament's Dream Team.
In 2010–11, Bayern dropped to third in the Bundesliga and made an early exit from the Champions League, with holders Inter again ending their hopes.[109] Van Gaal departed and was replaced by Jupp Heynckes for another spell in charge.
In 2011–12, after eliminating Real Madrid on penalties in the Champions League semi-final, they lost both the title race and the cup final to Borussia Dortmund[109] by the time of the continental final against Chelsea – to be held at the Allianz Arena. Home advantage appeared to have made the difference when Thomas Müller scored the opening goal with only seven minutes left to play,[110] but Didier Drogba equalised for Chelsea five minutes later.[114] No further goals were scored during extra time, with Arjen Robben having a penalty saved for the home side in the first period, so penalties were needed:[114] after three kicks had been saved, Drogba took his opportunity to win the cup for Chelsea.[114][115] It was another bitter blow in Bayern Munich's long history of contrasting fortunes.[109]
As on previous occasions, Bayern returned stronger from a setback.[109] After gaining a small revenge over Dortmund to win the 2012 DFL-Supercup, they reclaimed the Bundesliga title in style, losing only once and breaking multiple records during the campaign.[109] In Europe, they eliminated Arsenal, Juventus and Barcelona by increasing margins (a 7–0 aggregate over the Catalans)[109] to reach a tenth Champions League final, to be staged at Wembley Stadium in London.
Arjen Robben featured in three Champions League finals for the club, missing a penalty in 2012 then scoring the winning goal in 2013
Their opponents would be familiar: Borussia Dortmund,[110] in the first all-German final in the competition's history (there had previously been one all-Spanish, one all-Italian and one all-English final since the competition invited multiple entrants in the late 1990s).[59][116] Most of Bayern's squad for the final remained the same as the previous year, and they were slight favourites due to their dominant domestic form.[110]Mario Mandžukić scored the opening goal in the second half, swiftly equalised by Dortmund through a penalty.[117] The contest seemed to be moving towards extra time when Franck Ribéry set up Arjen Robben in the 89th minute, and the Dutchman found the net.[117] Dortmund had little time to respond, and the match ended 2–1 to give Bayern the prize for a fifth time.[109][118] The following week, Bayern defeated Stuttgart in the 2013 DFB-Pokal final to complete the treble[109] (or a quadruple including the DFL-Supercup), an unprecedented feat in German football and only achieved seven times previously in other leagues across Europe.
Three months later, the 2013 UEFA Super Cup saw a rematch between Bayern, now coached by Pep Guardiola,[109] and Chelsea (who had dropped out of their Champions League defence at the group stage but gone on to win the 'Europa League', as the UEFA Cup had now been rebranded). After a 1–1 draw on 90 minutes they shared two more goals in extra time, Bayern equalising in the last minute. Penalties were required again, and this time Chelsea missed their last while Bayern scored all five, to add the Super Cup to the club's trophy cabinet for the first time.[119] However, they had already missed the chance to make a clean sweep in the 2013 calendar year when Dortmund won the 2013 DFL-Supercup. As European champions, Bayern moved straight to the semi-final stage of the FIFA Club World Cup which in 2013 was held in Morocco. They defeated Asian representatives Guangzhou Evergrande 3–0 to progress to the final, and saw off the host nation's Raja Casablanca (who had unexpectedly eliminated the South American champions Atlético Mineiro) in the final to be crowned world champions for a third time.[120] As in the European Cup and the Intercontinental Cup, they were the first German club to lift the World Club Cup.[121]
Bayern retained both the Bundesliga and the German Cup in 2014 in dominant fashion,[123] but lost their grip on the Champions League after a heavy defeat to Real Madrid, who again went on to win it (exactly as had transpired in 2002).[59] That summer, Germany won the 2014 FIFA World Cup:[60] serving Bayern players Manuel Neuer, Philipp Lahm, Jérôme Boateng, Toni Kroos, Thomas Müller and Bastian Schweinsteiger played the entirety of the final against Argentina, substitute Mario Götze scored the winning goal, and the club's former players Mats Hummels and Miroslav Klose were also involved. Neuer was named as best goalkeeper, and was in the Dream Team along with Kroos and Müller.
Bayern line up for a Champions League match in Russia, 2014 (at that point still displaying the gold shield of reigning World Champions on their jerseys)
In the wake of Germany's World Cup victory, the next four campaigns all followed similar patterns to 2013–14 for Bayern Munich: with their attack led by Robert Lewandowski, triumph in the domestic League by a large margin (an ongoing record sequence of six titles in a row was claimed),[124] but defeated by Spanish opposition in the later stages of the Champions League (falling to winners Barcelona in 2015, to runners-up Atlético Madrid in 2016 – in the clubs' first meeting since the 1974 final[27] – and to winners Real Madrid in both 2017 and 2018).[125] Thomas Müller's Champions League goal tally stood at 42 by the end of 2017–18,[126] a club record in that competition ahead of Lewandowski but some way behind namesake Gerd's overall total of 67 in all competitions.[1][2]
Bayern had another player to add to their list of World Cup winning players[60] in 2018 when Corentin Tolisso, the club's record signing at €41.5 million,[127] was in the France squad which won the tournament in Russia, with Germany having failed to qualify from the group stage. That international failure was mirrored in the Champions League, with Bayern's 2018–19 involvement ending with a home defeat at the hands of Liverpool in the Round of 16, the earliest exit since 2010–11;[128] Dortmund and Schalke also suffered heavy losses to English opposition at the same stage.[129]
Scoreboard from the Tottenham Hotspur Stadium where Bayern defeated the home side 7–2 in October 2019, one of several dominant performances en route to winning the 2020 UEFA Champions League final, with a 100% record of victories from 11 fixtures
Bayern were notably strong in the 2019–20 Champions League autumn fixtures, finishing the group stage with a 100% record for the first time. Their goal difference from the six matches was 24–5, including a 7–2 away victory over Tottenham Hotspur with Serge Gnabry scoring four,[130] and a 6–0 win over Red Star on the road, in which Robert Lewandowski matched Gnabry's total and set a UEFA individual record: his four goals were all scored in a 15-minute spell.[131] Their domestic form was not as consistent until Hansi Flick (a member of the 1987 European Cup Final team) took over as head coach, dropping only two Bundesliga points after mid-December.[132] The good European showings continued into the knockout stages with a 7–1 aggregate win over Chelsea (the two legs played five months apart due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe)[133] followed by an 8–2 victory over Barcelona to reach the semi-finals in a single match played in Lisbon as part of an altered format for the closing stages due to the pandemic – the result being the Catalans' heaviest ever defeat in Europe and the first time they had conceded as many goals in any competition since 1946, plus the first occasion that Bayern had scored eight in Europe since 1983 and the first time since 2003 that any team had scored as many in the Champions League.[134][135] With the domestic league and cup already secured, the team went on to comfortably beat Lyon 3–0 in the semi-finals and then defeat Paris Saint-Germain 1–0 in the final with a goal from Kingsley Coman (a former PSG player), thus conquering its sixth European Cup and second continental treble. Additionally, Bayern became the first team to claim any European competition with a 100% winning record.[136][137][138]
Bayern met six-time Europa League winners Sevilla in the 2020 UEFA Super Cup. The game was tightly contested, and Sevilla pulled ahead early in the game thanks to a Lucas Ocampos penalty. Bayern equalised through Leon Goretzka and saw two goals disallowed by the Video assistant referee system in the second half with Manuel Neuer making a crucial save from Youssef En-Nesyri. In extra time, Javi Martínez scored the decisive goal with a header to bring the trophy to Munich for a second time. Amid ongoing COVID-19 restrictions across the world, the match was also the first major football event to feature spectators, albeit in limited numbers.[141]
Bayern met Mexican club UANL, representing CONCACAF as the reigning champions of the CONCACAF Champions League in the 2020 FIFA Club World Cup. It was the first time a team from the CONCACAF region played in the final. The final was originally scheduled to be played in December 2020, but was moved to February due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the scheduling of the various continental club competitions.[143] Bayern Munich won the match 1–0 for their second FIFA Club World Cup title and fourth club world championship. With the win, Bayern became the second European team to complete a sextuple (six trophies in a year) after Barcelona in 2009; they had won a continental treble in the previous season, along with their domestic and continental super cups in the 2020–21 campaign.[144][145][146]
Having safely negotiated the group stage in the autumn, when Champions League ties resumed in early 2021, a re-match of the previous final at the quarter-final stage saw Paris Saint-Germain exact some revenge over Bayern. Their 3–2 first leg win in Munich was the first time the holders had lost an international game since 2019 (a run of 21 victories and one draw);[148] a 1–0 victory for the Germans in Paris was not enough,[149] with elimination on away goals in the last season the rule would be in use. A ninth successive Bundesliga title would ensure the club made a swift return to the competition.[150]
The next year's campaign was a disappointing one. Despite dominating their group, that included Barcelona, and finishing with a maximum of 18 points, Bayern were eliminated in the quarter-finals by underdogs Villarreal 1–2 on aggregate. That result meant the Bavarian giants had been knocked out at that stage for the second year in a row. As in previous years, a Bundesliga win meant Bayern would return to the competition the following year.
Records
UEFA annual ranking
The table below shows the points gained by Bayern Munich over the past ten seasons, according to the UEFA coefficient, and the club's ranking among clubs across Europe – this is used primarily for qualification seeding purposes in the continental tournaments for the upcoming season.[151]
^"Als Uli Hoeneß vor Vergiftungen warnte" [Dynamo's big fight against Bayern: When Uli Hoeneß was warned about poisoning] (in German). n-tv. 26 December 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
^ abc"2. Finals"(PDF). UEFA Champions League Statistics Handbook 2016/17. Nyon, Switzerland: Union of European Football Associations. 2017. p. 1. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
^"Full Time Report"(PDF). UEFA.com. Union of European Football Associations. 30 August 2013. Archived(PDF) from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
^"Bayern Munich vs. UANL". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 11 February 2021. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
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