The aircraft was operating a ferry and test flight from the Lukhovitsy Aviation Plant after some maintenance.[2] Four minutes after take off the aircraft made its last contact with the air traffic controller, and reached its maximum altitude of about 900 metres (2,953 ft).[3]
The aircraft crashed seven minutes after take off, about 80 kilometres (50 miles) south-east of its destination airport, near the city of Kolomna, in a wooded area killing all three crew members,[4][5][6] including two pilots and a flight engineer, all of whom were employees of Sukhoi.[2] According to Novaya Gazeta, the aircraft sent a distress signal and circled to burn fuel preparing to perform an emergency landing, before crashing.[7]
According to sources cited by Izvestia, the probable cause of the crash were malfunctioning angle of attack sensors installed during maintenance.[8] This was the fifth hull loss and third fatal accident of the Superjet since its introduction in 2011.[9]
Aircraft
The aircraft involved was a Sukhoi Superjet 100-95LR, MSN 95078, and registered as RA-89049. The aircraft was manufactured in 2014 and the flight consisted of three crew members, composed by Captain Evgeniy Bulavko, First officer Vladislav Kharlamov, and Flight engineer Maxim Lukmanov.[3][7][10][11]
Investigation
The investigation is being carried out by the Interstate Aviation Committee.[12] On the evening of 12 July, both flight recorders were found.[13] On 30 August 2024, the Interstate Aviation Committee released the preliminary report on the accident. The Ministry of Transport said that the aircraft did not have permission to fly.[14]
According to the preliminary report, the aircraft was flying at 5,000 feet (1,524 m) with a nose pitch angle between 5 and 6 degrees, the Air Data Computer 1 indicated an angle of attack between 10 and 11.5 degrees, while the second computer indicated an angle of attack between 11 and 13.5 degrees; the aircraft was cruising at a speed of 230 knots (426 km/h; 265 mph; 118 m/s). The crew received the clearance to climb at 15,000 feet (4,572 m) (FL 150), but the aircraft initially seemed to climb, but then it started to descend. To correct it, the first officer tried to pull the nose of the aircraft up to nearly 14 degrees, causing the autopilot to disconnect. Then the captain took control of the aircraft and accelerated to 270 knots (500 km/h; 311 mph; 139 m/s), arresting the descent. At 4,500 feet (1,372 m), as the aircraft starting to ascend again, the crew turned off the autothrottle and, as a consequence, the aircraft's airspeed reached 308 knots (570 km/h; 354 mph; 158 m/s), activating the overspeed warning. The crew then reported the unreliable airspeed to the ATC. Due to the excessive airspeed, the aircraft initiated a nose-up manoeuvre and activated the speed brakes to slow the airframe down. The ascent was arrested at around 4,800 feet (1,463 m), but then the elevator automatically lowered the nose down to prevent an excessive angle of attack (AOA), so the aircraft started to descend again. At 3,000 feet (914 m), the crew attempted to arrest the descend, but the elevators did not respond and the aircraft impacted with terrain in a wooded area with a velocity of 365 knots (676 km/h; 420 mph; 188 m/s).[15][16][17]
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