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Hitchcockian

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Hitchcockian films are those made by various filmmakers, with the styles and themes similar to those of Alfred Hitchcock.

Characteristics

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Elements considered Hitchcockian include:

Climactic plot twist.
The cool platinum blonde.^[1]
The presence of a domineering mother in someone's life.^[2]
An innocent man accused.
Restricting the action to a single setting to increase tension (e.g. Lifeboat, Rope, Rear Window).
Characters who switch sides and/or who cannot be trusted.
Tension building through suspense to the point where the audience enjoys seeing the character in a life-threatening situation (e.g. Vertigo).
Average people thrust into strange or dangerous situations (e.g., Psycho, North by Northwest, The Man Who Knew Too Much).
Bumbling or incompetent authority figures, particularly police officers.
Use of darkness to symbolize impending doom (dark clothing, shadows, smoke, etc.)
Strong visual use of famous landmarks (Statue of Liberty, Mount Rushmore, Forth Rail Bridge, Golden Gate Bridge, Albert Hall, British Museum, Piccadilly Circus, etc.)
Mistaken identity (e.g. North by Northwest, Frenzy).
The use of a staircase as a motif for impending danger or suspense.^[3]
Use of a MacGuffin plot device.^[4]^[5]
Referring to crime for mystery rather than presenting it explicitly (e.g. Dial M for Murder).
Train scenes (e.g. North by Northwest, The Lady Vanishes, Strangers on a Train, Shadow of a Doubt).
The color red provoking a fearful, and potentially self-destructive, reaction.
A beautiful woman needlessly embezzling her employer's money.
Voyeurism and surveillance.^[6]

Notable examples

Some films, or films with scenes, considered Hitchcockian include:

Gaslight (1944)^[7]
Sorry, Wrong Number (1948)^[8]
Niagara (1953)^[9]
23 Paces to Baker Street (1956)^[10]
Witness for the Prosecution (1957)^[11]^[12]
Midnight Lace (1960)^[13]
Cape Fear (1962)^[14]
Charade (1963)^[15]
From Russia with Love (1963)^[16]
The Prize (1963)^[17]
Mirage (1965)^[18]
Arabesque (1966)^[19]
Blowup (1966)^[20]
Wait Until Dark (1967)^[21]^[22]
Duel (1971)^[23]
Play Misty for Me (1971)^[24]
Sisters (1972)^[25]
The Last of Sheila (1973)^[26]
Phantom of the Paradise (1974)^[27]
Jaws (1975)^[28]
Obsession (1976)^[29]
Halloween (1978)^[30]
Last Embrace (1979)^[31]
Dressed to Kill (1980)^[32]
Blow Out (1981)^[33]
Body Double (1984)^[34]
Blue Velvet (1986)^[35]
Fatal Attraction (1987)^[36]
Frantic (1988)^[37]
Arachnophobia (1990)^[38]
Misery (1990)^[39]
Cape Fear (1991)^[14]
Basic Instinct (1992)^[40]
Shallow Grave (1994) ^[41]^[42]
12 Monkeys (1995)^[43]^[44]
Bound (1996)^[45]^[46]
The Cable Guy (1996)^[47]
Double Jeopardy (1999)^[48]
What Lies Beneath (2000)^[49]
Mulholland Drive (2001)^[50]
Panic Room (2002)^[51]
Femme Fatale (2002)^[52]
Phone Booth (2002)^[53]
Disturbia (2007)^[54]
Bad Education (2004)^[55]
Funny Games (2007)^[56]
Passion (2012)^[52]
Side Effects (2013)^[57]^[58]^[59]
Stoker (2013)^[60]
Not Safe for Work (2014)^[61]
Crimson Peak (2015)^[62]
The Gift (2015)^[63]
Don't Breathe (2016)^[64]^[22]
Nocturnal Animals (2016)^[65]
A Kind of Murder (2016)^[66]
Split (2016)^[67]
Thoroughbreds (2017)^[68]
Gerald's Game (2017)^[69]
A Simple Favor (2018)^[70]
Eileen (2023)

Filmmakers

The following is a list of filmmakers who have directed multiple Hitchcockian films:

Films by country

Australia

Roadgames (1981)^[75]
Crosstalk (1982)^[76]
Coffin Rock (2009)^[77]
Blame (2010)^[78]
Crawl (2011)^[79]
Bad Blood (2017)^[80]

France

Les Diaboliques (1955)^[81]
Plein Soleil (1960)^[82]
The Bride Wore Black (1968)^[83]
La Piscine (1969)
Mississippi Mermaid (1969)^[83]
Le Boucher (1970)^[84]
The Vanishing (1988)^[85]^[86]
Love Crime (2010)^[87]
Elle (2016)^[88]
Personal Shopper (2016)^[89]
L'Amant double (2017)^[90]

Germany

Unknown (2011)^[91]^[92]^[93]

Italy

The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970)^[94]
Terror (1978)^[95]
Tenebrae (1982)^[96]

South Korea

Mother (2009)^[97]
The Handmaiden (2016)^[98]
Decision to Leave (2022)^[99]

Spain

Buried (2010)^[100]

United Kingdom

Peeping Tom (1960)^[101]

See also

References

^ Franich, Darren. "'The Girl' and the Director: A guide to the Hitchcock Blondes". EW.com. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Hiland, Dan (15 March 2023). "Hitchcock's Mother's". The House That Hitchcock Built. Archived from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Hellerman, Jason. "How Hitchcock's Use of Stairs Was Different Than Any Other Director". nofilmschool.com. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Ostberg, René (29 December 2023). "MacGuffin | Definition, Origin, Hitchcock, Examples, & Facts". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ Bose, Swapnil Dhruv (13 March 2021). "Alfred Hitchcock explains vital plot device 'The MacGuffin'". faroutmagazine.co.uk. Far Out Magazine UK. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ Regis, Ralph (17 October 2023). "Dial M for Manipulation!". Medium. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ "Gaslight(s)". 10 July 2012. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
^ Lowry, Andrew (1 June 2014). "The 20 Best Home Invasion Movies of All Time". Taste of Cinema - Movie Reviews and Classic Movie Lists. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
^ "Henry Hathaway: 10 essential films".
^ "23 Paces to Baker Street DVD | Classic Movies | Films by Movie Mail UK". Archived from the original on 2012-11-03. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
^ "MoMA - Billy Wilder's Witness for the Prosecution". www.moma.org.
^ "Witness for the Prosecution (1957)" – via www.imdb.com.
^ "Midnight Lace". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
^ ^a ^b "Cape Fear: 1991 vs. 1962". 10 June 2012.
^ Greydanus, Steven D. "Charade (1963) - Decent Films - SDG Reviews".
^ Gilligan, Patrick. Alfred Hitchcock: A Light in Darkness and Light. New York City: HarperCollins, 2004. Print.
^ "Prize The (1963) – full review! - Classic Film Guide". www.classicfilmguide.com.
^ Johnson, Ted (27 February 1992). "'Mirage': A Hitchcock-Like Thriller Not Easily Forgotten". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Dfordoom (11 September 2014). "Classic Movie Ramblings: Arabesque (1966)".
^ "Freedom, revolt and pubic hair: Why Antonioni's Blow-Up thrills 50 years on". TheGuardian.com. 10 March 2017.
^ "Wait Until Dark: Audrey Hepburn's Non-Hitchcock Hitchcock Film". www.alfredhitchcockgeek.com. 19 July 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Don't Breathe is a ruthlessly efficient, claustrophobic terror machine". 25 August 2016.
^ "Duel (1971) - Creative Criticism". creativecriticism.net.
^ "Play Misty for Me – Eastwood does Hitchcock". 9 July 2012.
^ Rickey, Carrie. "Sisters: Psycho-Thriller, Qu'est-ce Que C'est?". Criterion. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
^ "DVD and Blu-ray - Slant Magazine". www.slantmagazine.com. 11 May 2024.
^ Sherlock, Ben (11 December 2022). "The Success Of Rocky Horror Overshadowed Another Great '70s Horror Comedy Musical". Game Rant. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
^ "Jaws: The Hitchcockian Blockbuster | Diorama". Archived from the original on 2017-02-07. Retrieved 2017-02-07.
^ "'Obsession': When De Palma Stepped Out of Hitchcock's Shadow". 2 May 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ "How Alfred Hitchcock inspired John Carpenter's 'Halloween'". 25 October 2021.
^ "Last Embrace - Blu-ray Review - Slant Magazine". Slant Magazine. 20 October 2014.
^ Ebert, Roger. "Dressed to Kill movie review & film summary (1980)". rogerebert.com. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
^ Yorker, The New (11 June 2010). "DVR Alert: Blow Out". The New Yorker. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
^ Brody, Richard (11 June 2010). "DVR Alert: Blow Out". The New Yorker. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
^ "How Blue Velvet reflects the voyeuristic gaze of Rear Window". Lwlies.com. 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
^ Cassidy, Suzanne (24 June 1990). "FILM; James Dearden's Latest Fatal Attraction". The New York Times.
^ Howe, Desson (Feb 26, 1988). "'Frantic' (R)". The Washington Post. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
^ "18 Creepy Facts about Arachnophobia". 18 July 2015.
^ "Misery - The Psychology of a Stalker (Blu-Ray) REVIEW - Cultured Vultures". 21 November 2017.
^ we're fighting back on Basic Instinct: "Basic Instinct owes a lot to Hitchcock's Vertigo, and the homage is so obvious as to be a bit embarrassing."
^ "Shallow Grave". Criterion. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ Goble, Blake; Roffman, Michael; Gerber, Justin (10 February 2015). "DNA: Shallow Grave (1995)". Consequence. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ "…Hitchcockian…" — 12 Monkeys review from Time Out Film Guide Archived 2009-03-08 at the Wayback Machine
^ 'A time-travel thriller that dares to compare itself to Alfred Hitchcock's "Vertigo."… actually pays back its debt to Hitchcock…' — Salon.com Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine
^ Schickel, Richard (October 27, 1996). "No Gag". Time. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
^ LaSalle, Mick (October 4, 1996). "Darkly Witty 'Bound' a Taut Noir Caper". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved May 28, 2007.
^ Kehr, Dave (25 February 2011). "Jim Carrey as the Id Unleashed a Bit Before Its Time". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ Ebert, Roger. "Double Jeopardy Movie Review & Film Summary (1999) - Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert.com.
^ Levy, Emanuel (16 July 2000). "What Lies Beneath".
^ Cwik, Greg (16 April 2015). "9 Great Films Influenced By Alfred Hitchcock's 'Vertigo'".
^ Review: 'Panic Room' Screams Hitchcock Archived 2011-07-13 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b Goldstein, Patrick (17 September 2002). "Defensive? Him?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
^ "The Film Canon: Phone Booth (2002) | the Young Folks". 28 February 2016.
^ "Disturbia (2007) – Deep Focus Review – Movie Reviews, Critical Essays, and Film Analysis". Archived from the original on 2016-10-20. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
^ Ebert, Roger. "Bad Education movie review & film summary (2004)". rogerebert.com. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
^ Wray, John (23 September 2007). "Minister of Fear". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ "Side Effects: Making of Hitchcockian Thriller - Emanuel Levy". www.emanuellevy.com.
^ "Steven Soderbergh's 'Side Effects': A 'Hitchcock mindf---'".
^ "Side Effects is Steven Soderbergh's post-modern Hitchcock thriller". honeycuttshollywood.com.
^ "Park Chan-wook does Hitchcock by way of de Palma in the stylish Stoker". The A.V. Club. 19 October 2020.
^ "Not Safe for Work (2014)".
^ Kermode, Mark; critic, Observer film (18 October 2015). "Crimson Peak review – an American in fear of the Lake District". The Guardian. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
^ Holden, Stephen (6 August 2015). "Review: 'The Gift,' a Stalker Thriller That Isn't What It Seems". The New York Times.
^ "[Repost Review] 'Don't Breathe' Is Like Hitchcock On Crack! - Bloody Disgusting". bloody-disgusting.com. 24 August 2016.
^ "'Nocturnal Animals' Review: Tom Ford's Complex Suspense Thriller Is Worthy Of Hitchcock". Deadline Hollywood. 15 November 2016. Retrieved January 24, 2017.
^ "'A Kind Of Murder' Brings Hitchcock To The 2016 Tribeca Film Festival [REVIEW]". International Business Times. 22 April 2016.
^ "Split review – James McAvoy is 23 shades of creepy in M Night Shyamalan chiller - Film - The Guardian". Retrieved October 1, 2016.
^ Lemire, Christy (2018-03-09). "Thoroughbreds movie review & film summary (2018)". rogerebert.com. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
^ "Film Review: 'Gerald's Game'". 25 September 2017.
^ "Review: 'A Simple Favor,' with Anna Kendrick and Blake Lively, is a Delicious Adult Thriller". Forbes.
^ Rafferty, Terrence (June 2008). "Blood Not So Simple, From Dario Argento, Italy's Hitchcock". The New York Times.
^ Taylor, Drew (19 March 2013). "Park Chan-wook Talks Differences Between Korean & American Films, How 'Stoker' Fits In With His Filmography & More".
^ "The Criterion Collection". The Criterion Collection.
^ Murray, Noel (10 March 2011). "Dive into the virtuosic thrillers of Brian De Palma". The A.V. Club.
^ Buckmaster, Luke (23 May 2014). "Road Games: rewatching classic Australian films". the Guardian.
^ "CROSSTALK (OZPLOITATION CLASSICS) - Umbrella Entertainment". www.umbrellaent.com.au. Archived from the original on 2020-08-06.
^ dave_or_did. "Dave's Film & DVD Reviews: November 2009". Davesfilmreviews.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2018-08-18.
^ "Blame - John McDonald". johnmcdonald.net.au. 25 June 2011.
^ "Crawl (2011) - News" – via www.imdb.com.
^ "Bad Blood To Get Cinema Release". 5 September 2017.
^ Richman, Darren (1 November 2017). "Movies You Might Have Missed: Henri-Georges Clouzot's Les Diaboliques". The Independent. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ "Purple Noon". TIFF. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "'Mississippi Mermaid,' New Wave homage to Hitchcock, plays at Northwest Film Forum". The Seattle Times. 14 August 2009. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
^ "Le boucher". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ Nieporent, Ben. "Movie Review - Vanishing, The (1988) - eFilmCritic". www.efilmcritic.com.
^ Hinson, Hal. "The Vanishing". www.washingtonpost.com.
^ "Love Crime: Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. 14 October 2010.
^ Scott, A. O. (10 November 2016). "Review: In 'Elle,' Isabelle Huppert Subverts the Role of Rape Victim". The New York Times.
^ Bradshaw, Peter (16 May 2016). "Personal Shopper review: Kristen Stewart's psychic spooker is a must-have". the Guardian.
^ Earle, Peggy (21 June 2018). "Ozon inspired by vintage Hitchcock and De Palma for "Double Lover"". High-Def Watch.
^ 'Unknown' review: Liam Neeson brings gravitas to pulpy Alfred Hithcock-style [sic] action thriller, Joe Neumaier, New York Daily News, February 17, 2011
^ Unknown review, Roger Ebert, February 16, 2011
^ Neeson wakes up 'Unknown', Steven Rea,The Philadelphia Inquirer, February 18, 2011
^ Gonzalez, Ed (26 October 2001). "Review: The Bird With the Crystal Plumage". Slant Magazine. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ Milne, Tom (May 1979). "Terror". The Monthly Film Bulletin. Vol. 46, no. 544. London, UK: British Film Institute. p. 102. ISSN 0027-0407. OCLC 2594020.
^ Argento, Dario (1999). Tenebrae DVD Audio Commentary. Anchor Bay Entertainment. ASIN B00000IBRJ.
^ Rife, Katie (23 October 2020). "Bong Joon Ho's Mother is a Hitchcock disciple at his most Hitchcockian". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Thompson, Anne (11 October 2016). "How Park Chan-Wook's 'The Handmaiden' Reveals His Ongoing Passion For Strong Women". IndieWire. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ Wise, Damon (12 January 2023). "'Decision To Leave' Director Park Chan-Wook Explains How Less Is Much More When It Comes To Creating Tension: "That's The Purest Form Of Cinema"". Deadline. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
^ "'Buried' And Alfred Hitchcock: An Expert's Perspective". MTV. Archived from the original on February 23, 2016.
^ Charles Barr, Vertigo (London: BFI, 2002)

Bibliography

Michael Walker (2005), Hitchcock's motifs, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 978-90-5356-773-9

External links

Entertainment Weekly's EW.com feature: What, exactly, makes a film "Hitchcockian?"

Alfred Hitchcock

Feature films

Silent films	The Pleasure Garden (1925) The Mountain Eagle (1926) The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) The Ring (1927) Downhill (1927) The Farmer's Wife (1928) Easy Virtue (1928) Champagne (1928) The Manxman (1929)
British sound films	Blackmail (1929) Juno and the Paycock (1930) Murder! (1930) Elstree Calling (1930) The Skin Game (1931) Mary (1931) Rich and Strange (1931) Number Seventeen (1932) Waltzes from Vienna (1934) The Man Who Knew Too Much (1934) The 39 Steps (1935) Secret Agent (1936) Sabotage (1936) Young and Innocent (1937) The Lady Vanishes (1938) Jamaica Inn (1939)
Hollywood and later	Rebecca (1940) Foreign Correspondent (1940) Mr. & Mrs. Smith (1941) Suspicion (1941) Saboteur (1942) Shadow of a Doubt (1943) Lifeboat (1944) Spellbound (1945) Notorious (1946) The Paradine Case (1947) Rope (1948) Under Capricorn (1949) Stage Fright (1950) Strangers on a Train (1951) I Confess (1953) Dial M for Murder (1954) Rear Window (1954) To Catch a Thief (1955) The Trouble with Harry (1955) The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956) The Wrong Man (1956) Vertigo (1958) North by Northwest (1959) Psycho (1960) The Birds (1963) Marnie (1964) Torn Curtain (1966) Topaz (1969) Frenzy (1972) Family Plot (1976)

Short films

Television

Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1955, episodes)
Incident at a Corner (1960)
Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1985, episodes)

Related

Family

Category

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