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House of Gwynedd

House of Gwynedd

Traditional arms of Gwynedd
Parent houseCunedda
CountryWales,
Sub-Roman Britain
Founded
  • 120 BC, 2144 years ago
    (legendary)
  • 401, 1623 years ago
    (historical)
Founder
  • Beli Mawr
    (legendary)
  • Cunedda Wledig
    (historical)
Titles
Estate(s)Kingdom of Gwynedd
Deposition1283
Cadet branchesHouse of Aberffraw
House of Dinefwr

The House of Gwynedd was a royal house during medieval Wales (c. 500 – 1500). The dynasty is seen as being divided between the founding of the kings settlement in Gwynedd during the Roman invasion of Britain and the subsequent kingdoms in Wales until after the Norman invasion of Wales and the subsequent incorporation of the separate kingdoms into the Principality of Wales.

The royal house is defined by the timeline of the Kings of Gwynedd as direct male line descendants of the founder of the Kingdom of Gwynedd, Cunedda Wledig c. 401, until the subsequent era of the founding of the palace (Welsh: Llys) at Aberffraw c. 873, after the male line expired in the 8th century, because Gwynedd was inherited by Merfyn Frych, a female line descendant of Gwynedd from the Isle of Man. The dynasty lasted until the conquest of Wales by Edward I in the 13th century, and the deposition of the direct line of kings in 1283, and then the senior line of male heirs in medieval Wales, up until the 15th century.

History

See also: List of rulers of Gwynedd § House of Cunedda
Depiction of king Cunedda, founder of the House of Cunedda

The House of Gwynedd, divided between the earlier House of Cunedda, which lasted from c.401 to 825, was eventually replaced by the later House of Aberffraw, beginning in 844.[1] The first is so named after Cunedda (386-460), the founding King of Gwynedd in late Roman Britain; following the departure of Magnus Maximus in the 380s, and the second after Aberffraw, the old capital of the Kingdom of Gwynedd.[1][2]

This House was the first not being descended from the male line of Cunedda, as king Hywel ap Rhodri Molwynog was the last in the direct male line. Through inheritances from the great uncle of Merfyn the Oppressor, the line of Cunedda continued from the maternal side through the House of Aberffraw, and through the House of Dinefwr through Rhodri's son, King Cadell ap Rhodri.[3][1][4][5][6]

The Senior line of the House of Aberffraw descended from Prince Llywelyn the Great in patrilineal succession and became extinct on the death of Owain Lawgoch in 1378, while the House of Dinefwr was succeeded by its cadet branch, the House of Mathrafal.[7][8]

Lineage

The House of Gwynedd claimed descent from the mythical king Beli Mawr through the line of Cunedda (b. 386), as appears in the Harleian genealogies and Jesus College MS 20 genealogies.[9][10][11]

The House of Aberffraw began with the accession of Rhodri Mawr to the throne of Gwynedd.[12] His father Merfyn Frych ap Gwriad had seized the throne of Gwynedd on the death of the last of the old royal line Hywel ap Rhodri Molwynog, Merfyn was descended from Hywel's father, but through the female line, representing a new start for the family of his son, Rhodri, who settled Aberffraw on Anglesey.[12][13] He was his maternal grandnephew via the former king's niece Esyllt verch Cynan ap Rhodri Molwynog.

Beli Mawr descent

The descent of Beli Mawr, King of Britain and his wife, Anna the Prophetess, cousin of the Virgin Mary,[14][a] and father in law to Llŷr.

Beli Mawr (120 – 80 BC)
Afallach ap Beli Mawr
Owain ab AfallachEuddolen ab Afallach
Brychwain ab OwainEudos ab Euddolen
Difwng ap BrychwainEifudd ap Eudos
Peryf ap DifwngEudeyrn ab Eifudd
Onwedd (ap Peryf) ap DifwngEuddigan ab Eudeyrn
Amwerydd ab OnweddRhydeyrn ab Euddigan
Afloyd (Amguoloyt) ab AmweryddRhifedel ap Rhydeyrn
Gwrddwfn ab Afloyd ab AmweryddGradd ap Rhifedel
Dwfn ap GwrddwfnUrban ap Gradd
Gwrddoli ap DwfnTelpwyll ab Urban
Doli ap GwrddoliDeheuwaint ap Telpwyll
Gwrgain ap DoliTegfan ap Deheuwaint
Cain ap GwrgainCoel Hen
Tegid ap CainGwawl ferch Coel Hen
Padarn Beisrudd
Edern ap Padarn Beisrudd
Cunedda Wledig (c. 370 AD)


Family tree of the House of Gwynedd

See also: Family tree of Welsh monarchs

Key

Cunedda
Gwynedd
Ceredig ap Cunedda
Ceredigion
c. 450–453		Einion Yrth
Gwynedd
c. 470–480
Usai ap Ceredig [br]
Ceredigion 453–490		Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion
Gwynedd
480–534		Owain Ddantgwyn
Serwyl ap Usai [br]
Ceredigion 490–523		Maelgwn Gwynedd
Gwynedd
534–547		Cuneglasus
Rhos and
Powys
517-550
Boddw ap Serwyl [br]
Ceredigion 523–560		Rhun Hir ap Maelgwn
Gwynedd
547–586		Meig ap CynlasEinion ap Cynlas [br]
Rhos
540-c. 570
Arthfoddw ap Boddw
Ceredigion
560–595		Beli ap Rhun
Gwynedd 586–599		Cyngen ap Meig
Arthlwys ap Arthwfoddw
Ceredigion 595–630		Iago ap Beli
Gwynedd
599–616		Cadwallon Crisban ap Cyngen
Cadfan ap Iago
Gwynedd
616–625		Idgwyn ap Cadwallon
Clydog ap Arthlwys [br]
Ceredigion 630–665		Cadwallon ap Cadfan
Gwynedd
625–634		Einion ap Idgwyn
Seisyll ap Clydog
Ceredigion 665–700		Cadwaladr
Gwynedd
655–682		Rhufon ap Einion
Arthwyr ap Seisyll
Seisyllwg 700–735		Idwal Iwrch
Gwynedd
682–720		Meirion ap Rhufon
Dyfnwal ap Arthwyr [br]
Seisyllwg 735–770		Rhodri Molwynog ap Idwal
Gwynedd
720–754		Caradog ap Meirion
Gwynedd
754–798
Meurig ap Dyfnwal [br]
Seisyllwg 770–807		Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri
Gwynedd
798–816		Hywel ap Rhodri Molwynog
Gwynedd
816–825
Ethyllt ferch CynanGwriad ap Elidyr
Gwgon ap Meurig
Seisyllwg 808–872		Merfyn Frych
Gwynedd
825–844		Nest ferch Cadell
Angharad ferch MeurigRhodri the Great b.820
Gwynedd
844–878
Powys 855–878
Anarawd ap Rhodri
Gwynedd
878–916		Tudwal GloffMerfyn ap Rhodri
Powys
878–900		Cadell ap Rhodri b.854
Seisyllwg
878–909
Idwal Foel
Gwynedd
916–942		Alser ap TudwalLlywelyn ap Merfyn
Powys
900–942		Hywel Dda b.880
Dyfed
905–909
Deheubarth
909–950
Gwynedd
942–950
Powys
942–950		Elen ferch Llywarch
Meurig ap IdwalIago ap Idwal
Gwynedd
950–979		Ieuaf ap Idwal
Gwynedd
950–969		Rhodri ap Hywel
Deheubarth
950–953		Owain ap Hywel
Deheubarth
950–987		Edwin ap Hywel
Deheubarth
950–954
Idwal ap MeurigHywel ap Ieuaf
Gwynedd
979–985		Cadwallon ab Ieuaf
Gwynedd
985–986		Einion ab Owain
d.984		Maredudd ab Owain
Deheubarth
987–999
Gwynedd
986–999
Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig
Gwynedd
1023–1039		Cynan ap Hywel
Gwynedd
999–1005		Aeddan ap Blegywryd
Gwynedd
1005–1018		Edwin ab Einion
Deheubarth
1005–1018		Cadell ab Einion
Deheubarth
1005–1018		Cynfyn ap GwerstanAngharad ferch MareduddLlywelyn ap Seisyll
Gwynedd
1018–1023
Deheubarth
1018–1023
Cynan ab Iago
1014–1063		Trahaearn ap Caradog
Gwynedd
1075–1081		Owain ab EdwinHywel ab Edwin
Deheubarth
1033–1044		Tewdwr ap CadellRhiwallon ap Cynfyn
1020–1069		Bleddyn ap Cynfyn
Gwynedd
1063–1075
Powys
1063–1075		Gruffydd ap Llywelyn
Gwynedd
1039–1063
Powys
1039–1063
Deheubarth
1055–1063
Gruffudd ap Cynan b.1055
Gwynedd
1081–1137		Angharad ferch Owain
Deheubarth
1065-1162		Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin
Deheubarth
1063–1072		Rhys ab Owain
Deheubarth
1072–1078		Rhys ap Tewdwr
Deheubarth
1078–1093		Gwladys ferch RhiwallonIorwerth ap Bleddyn
Powys
1075–1103		Maredudd ap Bleddyn
Powys
1116–1132		Cadwgan ap Bleddyn
Powys
1075–1111
Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd
1096–1172		Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd
1097–1136		Gruffydd ap Rhys
Deheubarth
1116–1137		Nest ferch Rhys
1085–1136		Susanna ferch GruffyddMadog ap Maredudd
Powys
1132–1160		Gruffydd ap MareduddLord of Nannau
Owain Gwynedd b.1100
Gwynedd
1137–1170		Cadell ap Gruffydd
Deheubarth
1143–1153		Maredudd ap Gruffydd
Deheubarth
1153–1155		Anarawd ap Gruffydd
Deheubarth
1137–1143		Rhys ap Gruffydd b.1132
Deheubarth
1155–1197		Gwenllian ferch MadogOwain Cyfeiliog
Powys Wenwynwyn
1160–1197
Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd b.1120
Gwynedd
1170		Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd
Gwynedd
1170–1195
d. 1203		Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd
Gwynedd
1170–1173		Cynan ab Owain GwyneddRhodri ab Owain Gwynedd
1135–1195		Gwenllian ferch RhysGruffydd ap Rhys II
Deheubarth
1197–1201		Rhys Gryg
Deheubarth
1216–1234		Angharad ferch Owain GwyneddGruffydd Maelor I
Powys Fadog
1160–1191
Iorwerth Drwyndwn
1145–1174		Marared ferch MadogGruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd
1150–1200		Maredudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd
1150–1212		Anwyl of Tywyn family & Wynn baronets descendantsMaelgwn ap Rhys
Deheubarth
1201–1230		Gwenllian ferch RhysEdnyfed Fychan
1170–1246		Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor
Powys Fadog
1191–1236		Gwenwynwyn
Powys Wenwynwyn
1197–1216
Tangwystl GochLlywelyn the Great b.1173
Gwynedd
1195–1240
Powys
1216–1240		Joan Plantagenet, Lady of WalesLlywelyn the Elder ap MareduddGoronwy ab Ednyfed
1205–1268		Owain ap GruffuddMaredudd ap Rhys Grug
d.1271		Gruffydd II ap Madog
Powys Fadog
1236–1269		Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn
Powys Wenwynwyn
1241–1287
Gruffudd ap Llywelyn
1200–1244		Dafydd ap Llywelyn b.1215
Wales
1240–1246		Angharad ferch LlywelynMaelgwn FychanMaredudd ap Llywelyn
d. 1255		Rhys ap Maredudd
1250–1292		Lord of Powys
Llywelyn ap Gruffudd b.1223
Wales
1246–1282		Owain Goch ap Gruffudd d. 1282
Gwynedd
1246–1255		Dafydd ap Gruffudd
1238–1283		Rhodri ap Gruffudd
1230–1315		Llywelyn ap Maredudd
d.1263		Tudur Hen
d.1311		Maredydd ab OwainElen ferch Maelgwn
Catherine ferch LlywelynLlywelyn ap Dafydd
1267–1287		Owain ap Dafydd
1265–1325		Tomas ap Rhodri
1300–1363		Madog ap Llywelyn
claimant
1294–1295		Goronwy ap Tudur Hen
d.1331		Owain ap MaredyddGruffudd Fychan I
Powys Fadog
1277–1283		Madog II ap Gruffydd
Powys Fadog
1269–1277
Owain Lawgoch
1330–1378		Llywelyn ab OwainMadog Crypl
1275–1304
Eleanor GochTomas ap LlewelynGruffydd of Rhuddallt
1296–1343
Tudur ap Goronwy
d.1367		Marged ferch TomosElen ferch TomosGruffudd Fychan II
d. 1369
Maredudd ap Tudur
d.1406		Owain Glyndŵr
claimant
1400–1415
Owen Tudor
1400–1461		Amongst others: Croft baronets
House of Tudor

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c The Houses of Cunedda and Rhodri Mawr, Welsh Medieval Law: The Laws of Howell the Good (1909) by Hywel ap Cadell, translated by Arthur Wade Wade-Evans
  2. ^ Welsh Medieval Law: The Laws of Howell the Good (1909), Hywel ap Cadell, translated by Arthur Wade Wade-Evans
  3. ^ "MERFYN FRYCH (died 844), king of Gwynedd". biography.wales. Retrieved 2022-09-16.
  4. ^ "RHODRI MAWR ('the Great') (died 877), king of Gwynedd, Powys, and Deheubarth". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  5. ^ Koch, John Thomas,"Celtic Culture: a Historical Encyclopedia", ABC-CLIO, 2006, p 945.
  6. ^ Davies, R. R., 'Native Wales, 1172–1240', The Age of Conquest: Wales 1063-1415, History of Wales (Oxford, 2000; online edn, Oxford Academic, 3 Oct. 2011), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208785.003.0010, accessed 17 July 2023.
  7. ^ Davies, John (2007). A History of Wales. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-14-192633-9. Retrieved 23 December 2019. The plot was carried out (by a Scot) in 1378, and Saint Leger on the banks of the Garonne (opposite Chateau Calon Segur - not a Welsh name, alas) became the burial place of the last of the senior male line of the house of Aberffraw. Following the extinction of that line,...
  8. ^ Davies, R. R., 'Native Wales, 1172–1240', The Age of Conquest: Wales 1063-1415, History of Wales (Oxford, 2000; online edn, Oxford Academic, 3 Oct. 2011), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208785.003.0010, accessed 17 July 2023.
  9. ^ Nicholson, E. Williams B. (1908). "The Dynasty of Cunedag and the 'Harleian Genealogies'". London: Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion. pp. 63–67–105 (Beli "magnus").
  10. ^ Ben Guy (2020). "The Pedigrees of the Kings of Gwynedd". Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  11. ^ "11 The Britons and the Northumbrians, 547-685:The Evidence, by T.M. Charles-Edwards, page 343-380, November 2012". Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  12. ^ a b "RHODRI MAWR ('the Great') (died 877), king of Gwynedd, Powys, and Deheubarth". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  13. ^ "MERFYN FRYCH (died 844), king of Gwynedd". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.
  14. ^ Bartrum, Peter Clement (1993). A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend Up to about A.D. 1000. National Library of Wales. ISBN 0907158730.

Notes

  1. ^ Bartrum 1993, Welsh classical dictionary book pages: 6, 8, 16, 42, 43, 75, 106, 153, 172, 173, 215, 224, 230, 237 253, 258, 292, 333, 349, 375, 377, 586, 590, 599, 618, 633, 649, 690, 696, 725

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Ukraine vehicle license plates Ukrainian implementation of a format similar to the EU format. Both the EU format and the Ukrainian format satisfy the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic. Since Ukraine's independence in 1991, the country has used four main systems of vehicle registration plates. The first system was introduced in 1992 and was based on the last Soviet license plate conception, regulated by the 1977 standard, but with the addition of a new regional suffix corresponding to a Ukrain...

The Film Club

The Film Club AuthorDavid GilmourCountryCanadaLanguageEnglishGenreNon-fictionPublisherThomas Allen PublishersPublication dateSeptember 2007Pages264 pagesISBN978-0-88762-285-4OCLC141842386 The Film Club is a non-fiction book by Canadian writer David Gilmour. It is a memoir of himself letting his teenage son (Jesse Gilmour) drop out of high school under the stipulation that he must watch three films a week. It was first published by Thomas Allen Publishers in September 2007. Plot David Gilmour ...

 

Bozo people

Mande ethnic group in Southern Mali This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (August 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article is about the West African ethnic group. For the clown, see Bozo the Clown. Bozo peopleA Bozo girl from Bamako, MaliTotal population132,100Regions with significa...

 
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