Indaziflam
Preemergent herbicide discovered in 2009
Indaziflam
Names
IUPAC name
2-
N -[(1
R ,2
S )-2,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1
H -inden-1-yl]-6-(1-fluoroethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
[ 1]
Identifiers
20920435
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
100.216.692
UNII
InChI=1S/C16H20FN5/c1-8-4-5-11-7-9(2)13(12(11)6-8)19-16-21-14(10(3)17)20-15(18)22-16/h4-6,9-10,13H,7H2,1-3H3,(H3,18,19,20,21,22)/t9-,10?,13+/m0/s1
Key: YFONKFDEZLYQDH-BOURZNODSA-N
C[C@H]1CC2=C([C@@H]1NC3=NC(=NC(=N3)N)C(C)F)C=C(C=C2)C
Properties[ 2]
C 16 H 20 F N 5
Molar mass
301.369 g·mol−1
Density
1.23 g/mL
Melting point
183 °C (361 °F; 456 K)
2.8 mg/L (20 °C)
log P
2.8
Hazards
GHS labelling :
Warning
H373 , H410
P260 , P273 , P314 , P391 , P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Chemical compound
Indaziflam is a preemergent herbicide especially for grass control in tree and bush crops.
History
In 1991, the Japanese company Idemitsu Kosan filed a patent to 2-amino 6-fluoroalkyl triazine derivatives as herbicides.[ 3] One of these compounds was subsequently given the ISO common name triaziflam but had limited success as a commercial herbicide.[ 4] [ 5] Bayer scientists subsequently investigated this area of chemistry and identified indaziflam as having superior properties, which they patented and developed under the code number BCS-AA10717.[ 6] [ 7] The compound was first registered for use in the USA in 2010.[ 8] [ 9]
Mechanism of action
Indaziflam is an inhibitor of cellulose biosynthesis . This mechanism of action was theorized to be responsible for indaziflam's effect in 2009[ 7] and proven in 2014.[ 10] The cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs) are identified as Class 29 by the Weed Science Society of America /Herbicide Resistance Action Committee .[ 11] [ 12]
Resistance
As of March 2021[update] there are no resistant populations known[ 13] and none for the broader CBI class (discounting quinclorac ).[ 11] [ 14] [ 15] [ 16] [ 17]
Brand names
Indaziflam composes all or part of the a.i. of several herbicides from Bayer Environmental Science (now owned by Cinven, aka Envu, per Bayer's and Envu's websites),
[ 18]
[ 19] including Rejuvra,[ 20] the Esplanade[ 21] line (sometimes mixed with diquat dibromide and glyphosate isopropylamine),[ 22] Marengo,[ 23] [ 24] Specticle,[ 25] [ 24] and Bayer CropScience (the inventor of the ingredient), like Alion.[ 26]
Uses
Indaziflam is approved in the United States for hops , Rubus spp., Coffea spp., bushberries , tropical crops , drupes /stone fruit, and tree nuts .[ 27] It is used as a preemergent .[ 28] [ 27]
References
^ Weed Science Society of America . "Common and chemical names approved by WSSA" (PDF) .
^ Pesticide Properties Database. "Indaziflam" . University of Hertfordshire.
^ US patent 5169425 , Takematsu T.; Hirata T. & Kobayashi I. et al., "Herbicidal compositions comprising 2-Amino-4-Arylalkylamino-6-Haloalkyl-1,3,5-Triazines and Chlorophenoxy Acids and, optionally, substituted ureas", issued 1992-12-08, assigned to Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited
^ Grossmann, Klaus; Tresch, Stefan; Plath, Peter (2001). "Triaziflam and Diaminotriazine Derivatives Affect Enantioselectively Multiple Herbicide Target Sites" . Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C . 56 (7–8): 559–569. doi :10.1515/znc-2001-7-814 . PMID 11531090 . S2CID 13128483 .
^ "Triaziflam (ISO)" . chem.nlm.nih.gov . Retrieved 21 March 2021 .
^ WO patent 2004069814 , Ahrens H.; Dietrich H. & Minn K. et al., "Amino 1,3,5-Triazines N-substituted with chiral bicyclic radicals", issued 2004-08-19, assigned to Bayer Cropscience GMBH
^ a b Meyer, F.; Hanrahan, R.; Michel, J.; Monke, B.; Mudge, L.; Norton, L.; Olsen, C.; Parker, A.; Smith, J.; Spak, D. (2009). Indaziflam/BCS-AA10717-A new herbicide for pre-emergent control of grasses and broadleaf weeds for turf and ornamentals . WSSA Meeting Abstracts.
^ Mark D. Parrish; R. Darren Unland; William J. Bertges (7–10 December 2009). "Introduction of Indaziflam for Weed Control in Fruit, Nut, and Grape Crops". North Central Weed Science Society Proceedings . 64 . Kansas City, Mo: North Central Weed Science Society : 164.
^ "Bayer CropSciences new herbicide indaziflam received first registration in U.S." Grainews . 6 September 2010. Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ Brabham, C.; Lei, L.; Gu, Y.; Stork, J.; Barrett, M.; DeBolt, S. (30 July 2014). "Indaziflam Herbicidal Action: A Potent Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitor" . Plant Physiology . 166 (3). American Society of Plant Biologists (OUP ): 1177–1185. doi :10.1104/pp.114.241950 . ISSN 0032-0889 . PMC 4226351 . PMID 25077797 . S2CID 12250466 .
^ a b Weed Science Society of America (3 December 2020). "WSSA-Herbicide Site of Action (SOA) Classification List" .
^ Weed Science Society of America . "Summary of Herbicide Mechanism of Action According to the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA)" (PDF) .
^ "Herbicide Resistant Weeds by Individual Herbicide" . International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds . Herbicide Resistance Action Committee . Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ "List of Herbicide Resistant Weeds by Herbicide Mode of Action (L/26)" . International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds . Herbicide Resistance Action Committee . Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ Grossmann, Klaus; Kwiatkowski, Jacek (2000). "The Mechanism of Quinclorac Selectivity in Grasses". Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology . 66 (2). Elsevier : 83–91. Bibcode :2000PBioP..66...83G . doi :10.1006/pest.1999.2461 . ISSN 0048-3575 . S2CID 84092985 .
^ Tresch, Stefan; Grossmann, Klaus (2003). "Quinclorac does not inhibit cellulose (cell wall) biosynthesis in sensitive barnyard grass and maize roots". Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology . 75 (3). Elsevier : 73–78. Bibcode :2003PBioP..75...73T . doi :10.1016/s0048-3575(03)00013-0 . ISSN 0048-3575 . S2CID 84212641 .
^ Tresch, Stefan; Grossmann, Klaus (2003). "Erratum to "Quinclorac does not inhibit cellulose (cell wall) biosynthesis in sensitive barnyard grass and maize roots" " . Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology . 76 (2). Elsevier : 70–71. doi :10.1016/s0048-3575(03)00064-6 . ISSN 0048-3575 . S2CID 84794877 .
^ "Bayer completes sale of its Environmental Science Professional business to Cinven" . Envu . Retrieved 11 October 2023 .
^ "Bayer completes sale of its Environmental Science Professional business to Cinven" . Bayer Global . Retrieved 11 October 2023 .
^ "Envu's Rejuvra (indaziflam) Herbicide" . Envu, formerly Bayer Environmental Science . Retrieved 8 October 2023 .
^ "Esplanade 200 SC IVM Product" . Bayer Environmental Science US. Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ "Esplanade EZ IVM Product" . Bayer Environmental Science US. Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ Spesard, Bruce (8 June 2018). "Broadleaf and Grassy Weed Control" . Bayer Environmental Science. Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ a b "Marengo (indaziflam) or Specticle" . Extension Publications . NC State Ag Extension . 30 May 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ "Specticle Flo" . Bayer Environmental Science. Retrieved 14 March 2021 .
^ "US84467332F (170705Fv2) ALION SC 32 FOZ ETL 0119.indd" . CropScience . Bayer . 1 November 2019.
^ a b "PRIA Label Amendment – IR-4 tolerance petition and related amendments: (R190) to establish new uses on Hops, Caneberry subgroup 13-07A, Coffee, Bushberry subgroup 13-07B, Tropicals 23A and another amendment, and (R175) for crop group conversions in Stone Fruits 12-12 and Tree Nuts 14-12 Product Name: Indaziflam 200 SC Herbicide EPA Registration Number: 264-1106 Petition Number: 6E8452 Application Date: February 18, 2016 Decision Number(s): 514431, 514432, 514435, 514436" (PDF) . US EPA . 5 July 2017.
^ "Indaziflam" . PubChem . NCBI , NLM , US NIH . Retrieved 14 March 2021 . CID=CID 44146693 from PubChem