Born in Innishannon, County Cork, Crowley first began playing rugby with Bandon. There is a Crowley family connection with the club as Crowley's father, uncles, cousins and brothers have all played for it too. Whilst Crowley was playing for the club's under-18s side, they won the Munster Under-18 Cup and the All-Ireland Under-18 Cup, with Crowley scoring 15 points in the 20–7 win against Skerries under-18s in the latter.[1][2]
Crowley attended Bandon Grammar School and played three years of senior rugby with the school, firstly as a scrum-half before moving to fly-half, and helped guide the school to the semi-final stage of the Munster Schools Senior Cup for the first time in 2017, as well as a second semi-final in 2019, though Presentation Brothers College defeated them on both occasions. Crowley was captain during his third year and scored 21 points in their quarter-final replay win against Glenstal Abbey School, who were defending champions.[1][3]
To play in the amateur All-Ireland League, Crowley moved to Cork Constitution in 2019, where his older brother Billy was already on the books.[3] In recognition of his performances for Con during the 2019–20 season, Crowley was awarded the All-Ireland League Division 1A Rising Star accolade in May 2020.[4]
Previously a member of the province's sub-academy, Crowley joined Munster's academy ahead of the 2020–21 season,[13] and made his senior competitive debut for the province in their 2020–21 Pro14 round ten fixture against provincial rivals Ulster on 2 January 2021, coming on as a 65th minute replacement for fellow academy fly-half Ben Healy and converting Darren Sweetnam's late try to secure a losing bonus-point for Munster in their 15–10 defeat.[14]
Crowley joined the senior squad on a two-year contract from the 2021–22 season,[15] and made his first start for Munster in their 18–10 away defeat against Welsh side Ospreys in round 5 of the United Rugby Championship on 23 October 2021.[16] Crowley made his Champions Cup debut for Munster in their 2021–22 pool B round 2 fixture at home to French club Castres on 18 December 2021, coming on as a replacement for Ben Healy in the province's 19–13 win.[17] In the reverse fixture away to Castres on 14 January 2022, Crowley made his first start in the Champions Cup and scored 11 points off the kicking tee in Munster's 16–13 win.[18]
Crowley signed a two-year contract extension with the province in December 2022, a deal that will see him remain with Munster until at least June 2025.[19] Crowley scored a 77th minute drop goal for Munster to secure a 16–15 win away to Leinster in the semi-finals of the 2022–23 United Rugby Championship on 13 May 2023,[20] and won Men's Young Player of the Year at the 2023 Rugby Players Ireland awards.[21] He started and scored two conversions in Munster's 19–14 win against the Stormers in the final of the 2022–23 United Rugby Championship on 27 May 2023.[22]
Following the Toyota Challenge, Crowley was also selected in the Ireland A panel that joined the senior Ireland team after round 7 of the 2022–23 United Rugby Championship to face an All Blacks XV on 4 November 2022;[33] Crowley featured as a replacement in Ireland A's 47–19 defeat.[34]
Men’s national team
Crowley received his first senior international call-up when he joined the Ireland squad ahead of their 2022 Autumn Nations Series fixture against Fiji.[35] Crowley made his senior international debut for Ireland in the game against Fiji on 12 November, replacing Munster teammate Joey Carbery at fly-half early in the second-half of the match and scoring two conversions in Ireland's 35–17 win.[36] Following a pre-match injury to Johnny Sexton, Crowley was promoted from the bench to make his first senior international start for Ireland against Australia on 19 November, scoring a penalty and conversion in their 13–10 win.[37]
Crowley was selected in his first senior Ireland squad for the Six Nations ahead of the 2023 tournament,[38] and made his tournament debut as a replacement in Ireland's 34–20 away win against Italy in round three on 25 February.[39] Ireland went on win the grand slam.[40]
During the 2023 Rugby World Cup warm-up matches, Crowley started in Ireland's opening 33–17 win against Italy on 5 August,[41] featured as a replacement in the 29–10 win against England on 19 August,[42] before starting again in the 17–13 win against Samoa on 26 August.[43] He was selected in Ireland's 33-man squad for the 2023 Rugby World Cup,[44] and featured as a replacement in their opening 82–8 win against Romania on 9 September,[45] the 13–8 win against South Africa on 23 September,[46] and the 36–14 win against Scotland on 7 October.[47]
He was once again selected for the following 2024 Six Nations Championship, he was picked to start in the opener versus France in Marseille on 2 February, helping Ireland to a record 38-17 win against France.[48] He started the following weekend in Ireland's match at home to Italy, scoring his first senior try and kicking two conversions on the way to a 36-0 win.[49]