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Jemima Nicholas

Jemima Nicholas
Memorial stone for Jemima Nicholas outside St Mary's Church, Fishguard
Born
Llanrhian, Wales
Baptised2 March 1755
Died16 July 1832 (aged 82)
Fishguard, Wales
Occupation(s)Cobbler, homemaker

Jemima Nicholas (also spelt Niclas; bapt.Tooltip baptised 2 March 1755 – 16 July 1832), also known as Jemima Fawr, was a Welsh heroine during the 1797 Battle of Fishguard (commonly known as the last invasion of mainland Britain).

Early life

Jemima Nicholas was the daughter of Elinor and William Nicholas of Llanrhian, and was baptised on 2 March 1755 in Mathry.[1] She was a cobbler,[2] or a cobbler's wife.[3]

Battle of Fishguard

Main article: Battle of Fishguard

In 1797, 1,400 French troops, many of them drawn from prisons,[4] sailed from Camaret and landed at Llanwnda in Wales.[5] According to folk legend, armed with a pitchfork, Nicholas led a group of women and rounded up 12 French soldiers who had been drinking, and held them captive inside a church overnight. The French surrendered shortly afterwards at the Royal Oak pub.[1] She was awarded a lifetime pension for her efforts.[6]

A Jemima Nicholas was also involved with rioting in Fishguard in 1824, though she was not convicted of any crime.[7]

Legacy

Nicholas died at the age of 82 on 16 July 1832.[2] A memorial stone was installed in the churchyard of St Mary's, Fishguard, in 1897, on the occasion of the invasion's centennial.[8] She is featured in the Last Invasion Tapestry commissioned by the Fishguard Arts Society for the 200th anniversary of the invasion. The 100-foot-long tapestry is housed in its own gallery on the first floor of Fishguard Town Hall.[9][10]

In 2019, a hat said to have belonged to Jemima Nicholas sold by one of her brother's descendants at a charity auction, for £5,000. The buyer was a distant relative who lived in Australia.[11][12]

The town of Fishguard has an official Jemima Nicholas re-enactor. She was played by Yvonne Fox, until her death in 2010,[13] and has been portrayed by Jacqui Scarr since 2013.[14]

A children's book about Nicholas, Jemima Nicholas: Heroine of the Fishguard Invasion by Sian Lewis, was published in 2012, as part of a series on Welsh women's history.[6][15]

Jemima Nicholas was included in the list of 100+ Welsh women who have made a significant contribution to Welsh life produced by WEN Wales.[16]

In February 2024, a Purple Plaque in her memory was installed in Fishguard.[17]

References

  1. ^ a b "Invasion heroine's records find". BBC News. 4 April 2006. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Jemima Nicholas, a Fishguard Heroine". Coastal Cottages. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  3. ^ Hayward, Will (28 October 2017). "The Welsh woman with a pitchfork who faced down an invading army". WalesOnline. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  4. ^ Shakespeare, Andrew-Paul (22 February 2019). "The Glorious Army of France, Beaten by a Bunch of Girls!". Medium. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  5. ^ Johnson, Ben. "The last invasion of Britain by the French at Fishguard". Historic UK. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  6. ^ a b "The Royal Oak, Fishguard". Land of Legends. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  7. ^ Lewis, Mike (3 May 2017). "Did heroine Jemima have a later brush with the law?". County Echo. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  8. ^ "Fishguard". Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  9. ^ "The Last Invasion Tapestry". Fishguard Library. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  10. ^ "Jemima the Great and the Fishguard Tapestry". Historic Houston. 1 September 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  11. ^ "War heroine's traditional hat sells for £5,000". BBC News. 25 August 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  12. ^ Lewis, Mike (1 August 2019). "Last Invasion heroine Jemima Nicholas' relative flies in from Oz". County Echo. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  13. ^ Hancock, Lucy (2019). "Jemima Nicholas, a Fishguard Heroine". Coastal Cottages. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  14. ^ "New actress to play invasion heroine". BBC News. 11 April 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  15. ^ Lewis, Siân, 1945- (2012). Jemima Nicholas : heroine of the Fishguard Invasion. Howells, Graham. Llanrwst: Gwasg Carreg Gwalch. ISBN 978-1-84527-364-4. OCLC 782986756.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ "Jemima Nicholas". 100+ Welsh Women. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
  17. ^ Morris, Steven (24 February 2024). "Welsh woman 'who took on French invaders' with pitchfork wins recognition". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 February 2024.
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