Jugovizija

*Jugovizija*
Jugovizija
Also known as	Festival Opatija
Genre	Song contest
Presented by	Various (see below)
Country of origin	Yugoslavia
Original languages	Bosnian; Croatian; Macedonian; Montenegrin; Serbian; Slovene;
No. of episodes	31 editions
Production
Production location	Various cities and towns (see below)
Production company	Yugoslav Radio Television (JRT)
Original release
Release	16 February 1961 –; 28 March 1992
Related
	Eurovision Song Contest (1956–present);

Jugovizija (Cyrillic: Југовизија, English: Yugovision) was the Yugoslav national final to select their entry for the Eurovision Song Contest, organized by the Yugoslav broadcaster Yugoslav Radio Television (JRT) and its subnational public broadcasting centers based in the capitals of each of the constituent republics of the Yugoslav federation: SR Bosnia and Herzegovina (RTV Sarajevo), SR Croatia (RTV Zagreb and RTV Split), SR Macedonia (RTV Skopje), SR Montenegro (RTV Titograd), SR Serbia (RTV Belgrade) and SR Slovenia (RTV Ljubljana) and also the broadcasting services of the autonomous provinces within SR Serbia: SAP Kosovo (RTV Prishtina) and SAP Vojvodina (RTV Novi Sad). The first subnational public broadcasters to compete in 1961 were RTV Belgrade, RTV Ljubljana and RTV Zagreb, while the others joined in the following years.^[1]

Jugovizija was the original title for the festival. But when the festival was staged in Opatija for several years in the 1970s, it began being known as Festival Opatija. In 1981, it began to be known in Serbo-Croatian as Jugoslovenski izbor za Pesmu Evrovizije (Serbian) or Jugoslavenski izbor za Pjesmu Eurovizije (Croatian).

Format of the contest

Year	Date	Host city and venue	Host of the show	Format of the contest	Number of contestants	Voting system
1961	16 February	Ljubljana Slovene National Theatre Drama, Ljubljana (SLO)	Milanka Bavcon	Final only	9	Eight-member jury of experts, one juror for each of the six republics and the two autonomous provinces
1962	23 January	RTV Zagreb Studios, Zagreb (CRO)	Mladen Delić		12
1963	1 February	Venue unknown, Belgrade (SRB)	Host unknown		8
1964	5 February	Delavski Dom, Trbovlje (SLO)	Helena Koder		8
1965	6 February	Radnički Dom, Zagreb (CRO)	Željka Marković		14
1966	23 January	Dom Sindikata, Belgrade (SRB)	Mića Orlović		13
1967	19 February	RTV Ljubljana Studios, Ljubljana (SLO)	Tomaž Terček		15	The winner was chosen by eight-member jury of experts, one juror from each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT
1968	25 February	RTV Skopje Studios, Skopje (MKD)	Vesna Nestorović, Kristina Remskar, Dubravka Cecez, Snežana Lipkovska, Rosanda Kovijanić and Helga Vlahović		15	The winner was chosen by the votes of a mixed jury of experts and citizens, one juror from each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT, and three non-experts - citizens
1969	5 February	RTV Zagreb Studios, Zagreb (CRO)	Oliver Mlakar		17
1970	14 February	RTV Belgrade Studios, Belgrade (SRB)	Mića Orlović		15
1971	20 March	Komunalni center Hall, Domžale (SLO)	Helena Koder and Ljubo Jelčić		9	The winner was chosen by the votes of 10 juries in five cities and towns in each Yugoslav Republic, a total of 400 jurors
1972	12 February	Skenderija Center, Sarajevo (BIH)	Mirjana Jančić		12
1973	1–3 March	Crystal Hall of the Hotel Kvarner, Opatija (CRO)	Helga Vlahović and Oliver Mlakar	2 semi-finals and a final	12 finalists (36 semi-finalists)	A 40-member jury from 5 cities and towns from each of the six republics and the two autonomous provinces. In the semi-finals, juries gave each song a "Yes" or "No", depending on whether they wanted to see the song qualify for the final. In the final, juries gave each song points between 1–9.
1974	28 February-2 March		Oliver Mlakar, Ljiljana Trajkovska, Milanka Bavcon and Mića Orlović		12 finalists (36 semi-finalists)	The winner was chosen by an eight-member jury of experts, one juror from each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT
1975	13–15 February		Oliver Mlakar		14 finalists (33 semi-finalists)
1976	20–21 February		Oliver Mlakar	1 semifinal and a final	16 finalists and 21 semi-finalists
Jugovizija not held in 1977
1978	18 February	Crystal Hall of the Hotel Kvarner, Opatija (CRO)	Oliver Mlakar, Helga Vlahović, Milanka Bavcon and Mića Orlović	Final only	16	Eight-member jury of, one juror from each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT
1979	3 March		Oliver Mlakar and Helga Vlahović		18
1980	19 February		Oliver Mlakar and Helga Vlahović		18
1981	28 February	Studio IX - RTV Belgrade Studios, Belgrade (SRB)	Minja Subota and Helga Vlahović		16	Eight seven-member regional juries, one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. Jurors gave points on a scale 1 - 5 to their favourite songs, which then were converted into the Eurovision style grading system with the ascending format of going from 1-8 points, 10 points and finally 12 points. The subnational public broadcasters could not vote for their own entries.
1982	12 March	Studio 1 - RTV Ljubljana Studios, Ljubljana (SLO)	Miša Molk			Eight seven-member regional juries of non-experts, of age 16 - 50 (3-5 jurors over 25, and 3-4 under 25), one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. Jurors gave points on a scale from 1 to 5 to their favourite songs, which then were converted into the Eurovision style grading system with the ascending format of going from 1-8 points, 10 points and finally 12 points. The subnational public broadcasters could not vote for their own entries.
1983	4 March	Studio M - RTV Novi Sad Studios, Novi Sad (VOJ)	Dina Čolić			Eight seven-member regional juries, one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. Juries voted according to the Eurovision style grading system with the ascending format of going from 1-8 points, 10 points and finally 12 points. The subnational public broadcasters could not vote for their own entries.
1984	23 March	Universal Hall, Skopje (MKD)	Marija Damjanovska			Eight seven-member regional juries of non-experts, of different age and gender (in 3:4 ratio: younger - older, female - male), one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. Jurors gave points on a scale from 1 to 5 to their favourite songs, which then were converted into the Eurovision style grading system with the ascending format of going from 1-8 points, 10 points and finally 12 points. The subnational public broadcasters could not vote for their own entries.
1985	2 March	Studio 5 - RTV Zagreb Studios, Zagreb (CRO)	Ana Brbora		15	Eight three-member regional juries, one jury for each of the participating subnational public broadcasters of JRT.
1986	7 March	Boro i Ramiz Hall, Prishtina (KOS)	Enver Petrovci		16	Eight regional juries, one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. Juries voted according to the Eurovision style grading system with the ascending format of going from 1-8 points, 10 points and finally 12 points. The subnational public broadcasters could not vote for their own entries.
1987	7 March	Sava Centar Congress Hall, Belgrade (SRB)	Dubravka Milošević		24	Eight regional three-member juries, one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. Each of the jurors, 24 in total, gave points to their favorite songs according to a system with the ascending format of going from 1–3, 5 and finally 7 points. The subnational public broadcasters could vote for their own entries.
1988	12 March	Cankar Centre, Ljubljana (SLO)	Miša Molk and Bogdan Barovič		15
1989	4 March	Great Hall of the Serbian National Theatre, Novi Sad (VOJ)	Dina Čolić and Boško Negovanović		16
1990	3 March	Jazine Sports Hall, Zadar (CRO)	Ana Brbora-Hum, Branko Uvodić			Eight regional three-member juries, one jury for each of the subnational public broadcasters of JRT. At least two professionals within the music industry, and one under age of 30. Each of the jurors, 24 in total, gave points to their favorite songs according to a system with the ascending format of going from 1–3, 5 and finally 7 points. The subnational public broadcasters could vote for their own entries.
1991	9 March	Studio 7 - RTV Sarajevo Studios, Sarajevo (BIH)	Draginja Balac, Senad Hadžifejzović
1992	28 March	RTV Belgrade Studios, Belgrade (SRB)	Radoš Bajić		20	15-member jury of experts of JRT. Each of the jurors gave points to their favorite songs according to a system with the ascending format of going from 1–3, 5 and finally 7 points.

List of winners

Table key
1	Winner
13	Last place
DNP	Entry selected but did not compete
DNP	National final not held, did not compete

Year	Host city	Winner	Artist	Song	Language	Eurovision
1961	Ljubljana (SLO)	RTV Ljubljana	Ljiljana Petrović	"Neke davne zvezde"	Serbo-Croatian	8th
1962	Zagreb (CRO)	RTV Ljubljana	Lola Novaković	"Ne pali svetla u sumrak"	Serbo-Croatian	4th
1963	Belgrade (SRB)	RTV Zagreb	Vice Vukov	"Brodovi"	Serbo-Croatian	11th
1964	Trbovlje (SLO)	RTV Sarajevo	Sabahudin Kurt	"Život je sklopio krug"	Serbo-Croatian	13th
1965	Zagreb (CRO)	RTV Sarajevo	Vice Vukov	"Čežnja"	Serbo-Croatian	12th
1966	Belgrade (SRB)	RTV Ljubljana	Berta Ambrož	"Brez Besed"	Slovene	7th
1967	Ljubljana (SLO)	RTV Ljubljana	Lado Leskovar	"Vse rože sveta"	Slovene	8th
1968	Skopje (MKD)	RTV Zagreb	Dubrovački trubaduri	"Jedan dan"	Serbo-Croatian	7th
1969	Zagreb (CRO)	RTV Zagreb	4M	"Pozdrav svijetu"	Serbo-Croatian	13th
1970	Belgrade (SRB)	RTV Ljubljana	Eva Sršen	"Pridi, dala ti bom cvet"	Slovene	11th
1971	Domžale (SLO)	RTV Zagreb	Krunoslav Slabinac	"Tvoj dječak je tužan"	Serbo-Croatian	14th
1972	Sarajevo (BIH)	RTV Zagreb	Tereza Kesovija	"Muzika i ti"	Serbo-Croatian	9th
1973	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Sarajevo	Zdravko Čolić	"Gori vatra"	Serbo-Croatian	15th
1974	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Belgrade	Korni Grupa	"Moja generacija"	Serbo-Croatian	12th
1975	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Ljubljana	Pepel in Kri	"Dan ljubezni"	Slovene	13th
1976	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Sarajevo	Ambasadori	"Ne mogu skriti svoju bol"	Serbo-Croatian	17th
Jugovizija not held in 1977						DNP
1978	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Zagreb	Oliver Dragojević	"Zbogom ostaj ljubavi"	Serbo-Croatian	DNP
1979	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Zagreb	Tereza Kesovija	"Disco"	Serbo-Croatian	DNP
1980	Opatija (CRO)	RTV Skopje	Maja Odžaklijevska	"Vraćam se"	Serbo-Croatian	DNP
1981	Belgrade (SRB)	RTV Sarajevo	Seid Memić "Vajta"	"Lejla"	Serbo-Croatian	15th
1982	Ljubljana (SLO)	RTV Belgrade	Aska	"Halo, Halo"	Serbo-Croatian	14th
1983	Novi Sad (VOJ)	RTV Titograd	Danijel	"Džuli"	Serbo-Croatian	4th
1984	Skopje (MKD)	RTV Titograd	Vlado & Isolda	"Ciao, amore"	Serbo-Croatian	18th
1985	Zagreb (CRO)	RTV Zagreb	Zorica Kondža & Josip Genda	"Pokora"	Serbo-Croatian	DNP
1986	Prishtina (KOS)	RTV Zagreb	Doris Dragović	"Željo moja"	Serbo-Croatian	11th
1987	Belgrade (SRB)	RTV Zagreb	Novi Fosili	"Ja sam za ples"	Serbo-Croatian	4th
1988	Ljubljana (SLO)	RTV Zagreb	Srebrna Krila	"Mangup"	Serbo-Croatian	6th
1989	Novi Sad (VOJ)	RTV Zagreb	Riva	"Rock Me"	Serbo-Croatian	1st
1990	Zadar (CRO)	RTV Zagreb	Tajči	"Hajde da ludujemo"	Serbo-Croatian	7th
1991	Sarajevo (BIH)	RTV Belgrade	Bebi Dol	"Brazil"	Serbo-Croatian	21st
1992	Belgrade (SRB)	RTV Belgrade	Extra Nena	"Ljubim te pesmama"	Serbo-Croatian	13th

The two Yugoslav socialist autonomous provinces; SAP Kosovo (RTV Prishtina) and SAP Vojvodina (RTV Novi Sad) have never won the Jugovizija. SR Croatia were the most successful constituent republic, as its performers won the national contest 13 out of the 31 times, all from RTV Zagreb. They have also hosted 12 national finals.^[2]

From 1977 to 1980, and again in 1985, Yugoslavia did not participate in the contest. Yugoslavia intended to enter the contest in 1985. However, due to the Contest being held on the national memorial day marking the fifth anniversary of former Yugoslav president Josip Broz Tito's death, broadcasting any musical program wasn't allowed and JRT was forced to withdraw.^[3] In 1977 the national final was not held.

Hostings and victories

Broadcaster	Federal Unit	Hostings	Victories
RTV Zagreb	SR Croatia	12 (1962, 1965, 1969, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1985, 1990)	13 (1963, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990)
RTV Ljubljana	SR Slovenia	6 (1961, 1964, 1967, 1971, 1982, 1988)	6 (1961, 1962, 1966, 1967, 1970, 1975)
RTV Belgrade	SR Serbia	6 (1963, 1966, 1970, 1981, 1987, 1992)	4 (1974, 1982, 1991, 1992)
RTV Sarajevo	SR Bosnia and Herzegovina	2 (1972, 1991)	5 (1964, 1965, 1973, 1976, 1981)
RTV Skopje	SR Macedonia	2 (1968, 1984)	1 (1980)
RTV Titograd	SR Montenegro	0	2 (1983, 1984)
RTV Novi Sad	SAP Vojvodina	2 (1983, 1989)	0
RTV Prishtina	SAP Kosovo	1 (1986)	0
RTV Split	SR Croatia	0	0

Appearances and entries

Broadcaster	Federal Unit	Appearances	Appearances in the final	First Appearance	Last Appearance	Entries	Entries in the final
RTV Zagreb	SR Croatia	30	30	1961	1991	92	87
RTV Belgrade	SR Serbia	30	30	1961	1992	84	79
RTV Ljubljana	SR Slovenia	30	30	1961	1991	82	76
RTV Sarajevo	SR Bosnia and Herzegovina	29	29	1962	1992	73	65
RTV Skopje	SR Macedonia	24	22	(1963) 1965	1991	60	51
RTV Titograd	SR Montenegro	21	19	(1963) 1968	1992	37	34
RTV Novi Sad	SAP Vojvodina	19	18	(1963) 1974	1992	34	31
RTV Prishtina	SAP Kosovo	18	16	(1963) 1974	1992	34	28
RTV Split	SR Croatia	2	2	1979	1980	4	4

Host cities

Contests	City	Federal Unit	Venue	Years
7	Opatija	SR Croatia	Hotel Kvarner	1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980
6	Belgrade	SR Serbia	RTV Belgrade Studios Sava Centar Dom Sindikata Venue unknown	1970, 1981, 1992 1987 1966 1963
4	Zagreb	SR Croatia	RTV Zagreb Studios Radnički Dom	1962, 1969, 1985 1965
4	Ljubljana	SR Slovenia	RTV Ljubljana Studios Ljubljana Slovene National Theatre Drama Cankar Centre	1967, 1982 1961 1988
2	Sarajevo	SR Bosnia and Herzegovina	Skenderija Center RTV Sarajevo Studios	1972 1991
2	Skopje	SR Macedonia	Universal Hall RTV Skopje Studios	1984 1968
2	Novi Sad	SAP Vojvodina	Serbian National Theatre RTV Novi Sad Studios	1989 1983
1	Prishtina	SAP Kosovo	Boro i Ramiz' Hall	1986
1	Zadar	SR Croatia	Jazine Sports Hall	1990
1	Domžale	SR Slovenia	Komunalni center Hall	1971
1	Trbovlje	SR Slovenia	Delavski Dom	1964

Hosts

Contests	Host	Years
8	Oliver Mlakar	1969, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1980
6	Helga Vlahović	1968, 1973, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981
4	Mića Orlović	1966, 1970, 1974, 1978
3	Milanka Bavcon	1961, 1974, 1978
2	Helena Koder	1964, 1971
	Miša Molk	1982, 1988
	Dina Čolić	1983, 1989
1	Mladen Delić	1962
	Host unknown	1963
	Željka Marković	1965
	Tomaz Tercek	1967
	Vesna Nestorović	1968
	Kristina Remskar	1968
	Dubravka Cecez	1968
	Snežana Lipkovska	1968
	Rosanda Kovijanić	1968
	Ljubo Jelčić	1971
	Mirjana Jančić	1972
	Ljiljana Trajkovska	1974
	Minja Subota	1981
	Marija Damjanovska	1984
	Ana Brbora-Hum	1985
	Enver Petrovci	1986
	Dubravka Milošević	1987
	Bogdan Barovič	1988
	Branko Uvodić	1990
	Draginja Balac	1991
	Senad Hadžifejzović	1991
	Radoš Bajić	1992