This is a list of active separatist movements in Asia. Separatism can include autonomism and secessionism,[1] despite the fact that independence is the primary goal of many separatist movements. Many separatist movements arise as a result of religious, racial, social, and cultural disparities between certain peoples and the majority or ruling class in a country.
Criteria
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
Militant organisation: Free Aceh Movement (negotiated peace with the Indonesian government in 2005, and now it is a civil movement, but the separatism still has supporters)
Advocacy groups: Borneo Heritage Foundation (BHF), Sarawak For Sarawakian Big Team (S4S Big Team), Sarawak Association of People's Aspirations (SAPA), Sarawak Sovereignty Movement, Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia (SSKM), Sarawak Liberation Movement[143][147][148]
Note: The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) has been democratically elected to power in Taiwan five times; in 2000 (until 2004), in 2004 (until 2008), in 2016 (until 2020), in 2020 (until 2024), and in 2024 (until 2028). Although the DPP has been the nominal ruling party of the Republic of China throughout these four ruling terms, the DPP has been pushing a pro-Taiwan independence agenda, whether tacitly or overtly. Some representatives of the DPP, such as William Lai, argue that Taiwan independence should not even be considered an "independence movement" but is rather the recognition of the reality of the current situation of the Republic of China on Taiwan. Many supporters of Taiwan independence believe that Taiwan, under the formal name of the "Republic of China", is already an independent country from mainland China, under the formal name of the "People's Republic of China". Some groups also exclude the Kinmen and Matsu Islands from their proposal.
^Ghosal, Aniruddha (17 April 2019). "Former Militants of Banned Outfit Among Those on Election Duty in Darjeeling". News18. Retrieved 15 October 2019. The organisation, banned by the Union government in 2014, aims to carve out a separate Kamtapur nation from India, comprising of six districts in West Bengal and four in Assam
^"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) National Libration [sic] Movement of Ahwaz
^Gary Yia Lee. "Chapter 17: The Hmong Rebellion in Laos: Victims or Terrorists?". In Tan, Andrew T.H. (ed.). A Handbook of Terrorism and Insurgency in Southeast Asia. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. ISBN978-1-84542-543-2.
^Malik Siraj Akbar (30 March 2011). The Redefined Dimensions of Baloch Nationalist Movement. Xlibris Corporation. p. 29. The ultimate goal of BLA is "Greater Balochistan", a country that will comprise the Baloch areas of Pakistani and Iranian Balochistan provinces and some parts of Afghanistan.
^Ponciano, Mark Allen (24 March 2017). "Cordi autonomy bill filed as HB 5343". National Economic and Development Authority – Cordillera Administrative Region. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
^Sabillo, Kristine Angeli (20 February 2015). "BIFF only wants Islamic state". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
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