NEC SX-9, right sideNEC SX-9, left sideNEC SX-9 Earth SimulatorNEC SX-9 CPU modulesNEC SX-9 memory module
The SX-9 is a NEC SX supercomputer built by NEC Corporation. The SX-9 Series implements an SMP system in a compact node module and uses an enhanced version of the single chip vector processor that was introduced with the SX-6. The NEC SX-9 processors run at 3.2 GHz, with eight-way replicated vector pipes, each having two multiply units and two addition units; this results in a peak vector performance of 102.4 gigaFLOPS. For non-vectorized code, there is a scalar processor that runs at half the speed of the vector unit, i.e. 1.6 GHz. Up to 16 CPUs and 1 terabyte of memory may be used in a single node. Each node is packaged in an air-cooled cabinet, similar in size to a standard 42U computer rack. The SX-9 series ranges from the single-node SX-9/B system with 4 CPUs to the maximum expansion stage with 512 nodes, 8,192 CPUs, and 970 TFLOPS peak performance. There is up to 4 TB/s shared memory bandwidth per node and 2×128 GB/s node interconnect bandwidth. The operating system is NEC's SUPER-UX, a Unix-like OS.
The SX-9 had the world's fastest vector CPU core.[1][2] A fully equipped system with 512 nodes would have been the world's fastest supercomputer at the time of release in the first quarter of 2008, with a performance of 819 TFLOPS. The SX-9 was discontinued in 2015.[3]
The German national meteorological service (DWD) operated two independent SX-9 clusters, with 976 processors, 31,232 GB of RAM and 98 TFLOPS performance in total.[4]
NEC Published Product Highlights
1.6 TFLOPS max. peak performance per node
350 million transistors per CPU, 1.0 V, 8,960 pins (1,791 signal pins)[5]
Up to 16 CPUs per node, manufactured in 65 nm CMOS cu technology, 11 copper layers
Up to 64 GB of memory per CPU, 1 TB in a single node
Up to 4 TB/s bandwidth per node, 256 GB/s per CPU
IXS Super-Switch between nodes, up to 512 nodes supported, 256 GB/s per node (128 GB/s for each direction)
50% less power consumption compared to the NEC SX-8R
^Zeiser, Thomas; Hager, Georg; Wellein, Gerhard (2009). "The world's fastest CPU and SMP node: Some performance results from the NEC SX-9". 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel & Distributed Processing. pp. 1–8. doi:10.1109/IPDPS.2009.5161089. ISBN978-1-4244-3751-1. S2CID8447987.
