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PTPN6

PTPN6
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPTPN6, HCP, HCPH, HPTP1C, PTP-1C, SH-PTP1, SHP-1, SHP-1L, SHP1, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6
External IDsOMIM: 176883; MGI: 96055; HomoloGene: 56589; GeneCards: PTPN6; OMA:PTPN6 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_002831
NM_080548
NM_080549

NM_001077705
NM_013545

RefSeq (protein)

NP_002822
NP_536858
NP_536859

NP_001071173
NP_038573

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 6.95 – 6.96 MbChr 6: 124.7 – 124.72 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN6 gene.[5]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell signaling, (e.g., the LYN-CD22-SHP-1 pathway). Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported.[6]

Expression

SHP-1 gene has two promoters: P-1, active in epithelial cells, and P-2, active in hemopoietic cells. In addition the expression of SHP-1 is low in epithelial cells and high in hemopoietic cells. SHP-1 level in epithelial cells increases and in hematopoietic cells decreases in cancer.[7]

Interactions

PTPN6 has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111679Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000004266Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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  6. ^ "Entrez Gene: PTPN6 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6".
  7. ^ Amin S, Kumar A, Nilchi L, Wright K, Kozlowski M (August 2011). "Breast cancer cells proliferation is regulated by tyrosine phosphatase SHP1 through c-jun N-terminal kinase and cooperative induction of RFX-1 and AP-4 transcription factors". Mol. Cancer Res. 9 (8): 1112–25. doi:10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-11-0097. PMID 21719561. S2CID 33833067.
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  9. ^ Kozlowski M, Larose L, Lee F, Le DM, Rottapel R, Siminovitch KA (April 1998). "SHP-1 binds and negatively modulates the c-Kit receptor by interaction with tyrosine 569 in the c-Kit juxtamembrane domain". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (4): 2089–99. doi:10.1128/mcb.18.4.2089. PMC 121439. PMID 9528781.
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  20. ^ Keilhack H, Tenev T, Nyakatura E, Godovac-Zimmermann J, Nielsen L, Seedorf K, Böhmer FD (September 1998). "Phosphotyrosine 1173 mediates binding of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 to the epidermal growth factor receptor and attenuation of receptor signaling". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (38): 24839–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.38.24839. PMID 9733788.
  21. ^ Klingmüller U, Lorenz U, Cantley LC, Neel BG, Lodish HF (March 1995). "Specific recruitment of SH-PTP1 to the erythropoietin receptor causes inactivation of JAK2 and termination of proliferative signals". Cell. 80 (5): 729–38. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90351-8. PMID 7889566. S2CID 16866005.
  22. ^ Xu MJ, Zhao R, Cao H, Zhao ZJ (May 2002). "SPAP2, an Ig family receptor containing both ITIMs and ITAMs". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 293 (3): 1037–46. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00332-7. PMID 12051764.
  23. ^ a b c Ganju RK, Brubaker SA, Chernock RD, Avraham S, Groopman JE (June 2000). "Beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 signals through SHP1, SHP2, and Syk". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (23): 17263–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000689200. PMID 10747947.
  24. ^ Kon-Kozlowski M, Pani G, Pawson T, Siminovitch KA (February 1996). "The tyrosine phosphatase PTP1C associates with Vav, Grb2, and mSos1 in hematopoietic cells". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (7): 3856–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.7.3856. PMID 8632004.
  25. ^ Saci A, Liu WQ, Vidal M, Garbay C, Rendu F, Bachelot-Loza C (May 2002). "Differential effect of the inhibition of Grb2-SH3 interactions in platelet activation induced by thrombin and by Fc receptor engagement". Biochem. J. 363 (Pt 3): 717–25. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3630717. PMC 1222524. PMID 11964172.
  26. ^ Eklund EA, Goldenberg I, Lu Y, Andrejic J, Kakar R (September 2002). "SHP1 protein-tyrosine phosphatase regulates HoxA10 DNA binding and transcriptional repression activity in undifferentiated myeloid cells". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (39): 36878–88. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203917200. PMID 12145285.
  27. ^ Jiao H, Berrada K, Yang W, Tabrizi M, Platanias LC, Yi T (December 1996). "Direct association with and dephosphorylation of Jak2 kinase by the SH2-domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (12): 6985–92. doi:10.1128/mcb.16.12.6985. PMC 231702. PMID 8943354.
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  29. ^ a b Mousseau DD, Banville D, L'Abbé D, Bouchard P, Shen SH (February 2000). "PILRalpha, a novel immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif-bearing protein, recruits SHP-1 upon tyrosine phosphorylation and is paired with the truncated counterpart PILRbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (6): 4467–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.6.4467. PMID 10660620.
  30. ^ Sathish JG, Johnson KG, Fuller KJ, LeRoy FG, Meyaard L, Sims MJ, Matthews RJ (February 2001). "Constitutive association of SHP-1 with leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 in human T cells". J. Immunol. 166 (3): 1763–70. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.1763. PMID 11160222.
  31. ^ Fournier N, Chalus L, Durand I, Garcia E, Pin JJ, Churakova T, Patel S, Zlot C, Gorman D, Zurawski S, Abrams J, Bates EE, Garrone P (August 2000). "FDF03, a novel inhibitory receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed by human dendritic and myeloid cells". J. Immunol. 165 (3): 1197–209. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.3.1197. PMID 10903717.
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  33. ^ Xu Mj, Zhao R, Zhao ZJ (June 2000). "Identification and characterization of leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 as a major anchor protein of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in hematopoietic cells". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (23): 17440–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001313200. PMID 10764762.
  34. ^ Fanger NA, Cosman D, Peterson L, Braddy SC, Maliszewski CR, Borges L (November 1998). "The MHC class I binding proteins LIR-1 and LIR-2 inhibit Fc receptor-mediated signaling in monocytes". Eur. J. Immunol. 28 (11): 3423–34. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3423::AID-IMMU3423>3.0.CO;2-2. PMID 9842885.
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  36. ^ Wang LL, Blasioli J, Plas DR, Thomas ML, Yokoyama WM (February 1999). "Specificity of the SH2 domains of SHP-1 in the interaction with the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif-bearing receptor gp49B". J. Immunol. 162 (3): 1318–23. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.162.3.1318. PMID 9973385.
  37. ^ Yu CL, Jin YJ, Burakoff SJ (January 2000). "Cytosolic tyrosine dephosphorylation of STAT5. Potential role of SHP-2 in STAT5 regulation". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (1): 599–604. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.1.599. PMID 10617656.
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  41. ^ Mizuno K, Katagiri T, Hasegawa K, Ogimoto M, Yakura H (August 1996). "Hematopoietic cell phosphatase, SHP-1, is constitutively associated with the SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein, SLP-76, in B cells". J. Exp. Med. 184 (2): 457–63. doi:10.1084/jem.184.2.457. PMC 2192711. PMID 8760799.
  42. ^ Yoshida K, Kufe D (December 2001). "Negative regulation of the SHPTP1 protein tyrosine phosphatase by protein kinase C delta in response to DNA damage". Mol. Pharmacol. 60 (6): 1431–8. doi:10.1124/mol.60.6.1431. PMID 11723252.
  43. ^ Kumar S, Avraham S, Bharti A, Goyal J, Pandey P, Kharbanda S (October 1999). "Negative regulation of PYK2/related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase signal transduction by hematopoietic tyrosine phosphatase SHPTP1". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (43): 30657–63. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.43.30657. PMID 10521452.
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  47. ^ Yetter A, Uddin S, Krolewski JJ, Jiao H, Yi T, Platanias LC (August 1995). "Association of the interferon-dependent tyrosine kinase Tyk-2 with the hematopoietic cell phosphatase". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (31): 18179–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.31.18179. PMID 7629131.

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