Flyby date
|
Launch date
|
Operator
|
Spacecraft
|
Details
|
Mission result
|
19 May 1961
|
12 February 1961
|
|
Venera 1
|
First Venus flyby (contact lost before flyby)[5]
|
Failure
|
14 December 1962
|
27 August 1962
|
|
Mariner 2
|
First successful non-lunar planetary encounter and first successful Venus flyby[6]
|
Success
|
19 June 1963
|
1 November 1962
|
|
Mars 1
|
First Mars flyby (contact lost)[7]
|
Failure
|
19 July 1964
|
2 April 1964
|
|
Zond 1
|
Venus flyby (contact lost)[8]
|
Failure
|
15 July 1965
|
28 November 1964
|
|
Mariner 4
|
First successful Mars flyby[9]
|
Success
|
6 August 1965
|
30 November 1964
|
|
Zond 2
|
Mars flyby (contact lost)[10]
|
Failure
|
27 February 1966
|
12 November 1965
|
|
Venera 2
|
Venus flyby (contact lost)[11]
|
Failure
|
19 October 1967
|
14 June 1967
|
|
Mariner 5
|
Venus flyby[12]
|
Success
|
31 July 1969
|
25 February 1969
|
|
Mariner 6
|
Mars flyby[13]
|
Success
|
5 August 1969
|
27 March 1969
|
|
Mariner 7
|
Mars flyby[14]
|
Success
|
3 December 1973
|
3 March 1972
|
|
Pioneer 10
|
First Jupiter flyby[15]
|
Success
|
5 February 1974
|
4 November 1973
|
|
Mariner 10
|
Venus flyby[16]
|
Success
|
10 February 1974
|
21 July 1973
|
|
Mars 4
|
Mars flyby (inadvertent; attempted Mars orbiter)[17]
|
Failure
|
9 March 1974
|
9 August 1973
|
|
Mars 7
|
Mars flyby (inadvertent; attempted Mars lander)[18]
|
Failure
|
12 March 1974
|
5 August 1973
|
|
Mars 6
|
Mars flyby (flyby succeeded but lander failed)[19]
|
Failure
|
29 March 1974
|
4 November 1973
|
|
Mariner 10
|
First Mercury flyby[16]
|
Success
|
21 September 1974
|
4 November 1973
|
|
Mariner 10
|
Mercury flyby[16]
|
Success
|
3 December 1974
|
5 April 1973
|
|
Pioneer 11
|
Jupiter flyby[20]
|
Success
|
16 March 1975
|
4 November 1973
|
|
Mariner 10
|
Mercury flyby[16]
|
Success
|
19 December 1978
|
14 September 1978
|
|
Venera 12
|
Venus flyby and lander[21]
|
Success
|
25 December 1978
|
9 September 1978
|
|
Venera 11
|
Venus flyby and lander[22]
|
Success
|
5 March 1979
|
5 September 1977
|
|
Voyager 1
|
Jupiter flyby[23]
|
Success
|
9 July 1979
|
20 August 1977
|
|
Voyager 2
|
Jupiter flyby[24]
|
Success
|
1 September 1979
|
5 April 1973
|
|
Pioneer 11
|
First Saturn flyby[20]
|
Success
|
12 November 1980
|
5 September 1977
|
|
Voyager 1
|
Saturn flyby[23]
|
Success
|
25 August 1981
|
20 August 1977
|
|
Voyager 2
|
Saturn flyby[24]
|
Success
|
1 March 1982
|
30 October 1981
|
|
Venera 13
|
Venus flyby and lander[25]
|
Success
|
5 March 1982
|
4 November 1981
|
|
Venera 14
|
Venus flyby and lander[26]
|
Success
|
11 June 1985
|
15 December 1984
|
|
Vega 1
|
Venus flyby, lander, and first balloon[27]
|
Success
|
15 June 1985
|
21 December 1984
|
|
Vega 2
|
Venus flyby, lander, and balloon[28]
|
Success
|
24 January 1986
|
20 August 1977
|
|
Voyager 2
|
First and only Uranus flyby[24]
|
Success
|
25 August 1989
|
20 August 1977
|
|
Voyager 2
|
First and only Neptune flyby[24]
|
Success
|
10 February 1990
|
13 October 1989
|
|
Galileo
|
Venus flyby, first of three gravity assists to Jupiter[29]
|
Success
|
2 July 1990
|
2 July 1985
|
|
Giotto
|
First Earth flyby, gravity assist for extended mission to 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup[30]
|
Success
|
8 October 1990
|
13 October 1989
|
|
Galileo
|
Earth flyby, second of three gravity assists to Jupiter[29]
|
Success
|
8 January 1992
|
7 January 1985
|
|
Sakigake
|
Earth flyby[31]
|
Success
|
8 February 1992
|
6 October 1990
|
![European Union](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png)
|
Ulysses
|
Jupiter flyby, inclination change gravity assist for solar mission[32]
|
Success
|
8 December 1992
|
13 October 1989
|
|
Galileo
|
Earth flyby, last of three gravity assists to Jupiter[29]
|
Success
|
24 August 1993
|
25 September 1992
|
|
Mars Observer
|
Mars flyby (inadvertent; attempted Mars orbiter)[33]
|
Failure
|
23 January 1998
|
17 February 1996
|
|
NEAR Shoemaker
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 433 Eros[34]
|
Success
|
26 April 1998
|
15 October 1997
|
![European Union](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png)
|
Cassini–Huygens
|
Venus flyby, first of four gravity assists to Saturn[35]
|
Success
|
24 June 1999
|
15 October 1997
|
![European Union](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png)
|
Cassini–Huygens
|
Venus flyby, second of four gravity assists to Saturn[36]
|
Success
|
18 August 1999
|
15 October 1997
|
![European Union](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png)
|
Cassini–Huygens
|
Earth flyby, third of four gravity assists to Saturn[37]
|
Success
|
30 December 2000
|
15 October 1997
|
![European Union](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png)
|
Cassini–Huygens
|
Jupiter flyby, last of four gravity assists to Saturn[38]
|
Success
|
15 January 2001
|
27 February 1999
|
|
Stardust
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 81P/Wild[39]
|
Success
|
21 April 2002
|
4 July 1998
|
|
Nozomi
|
Earth flyby, first of two gravity assists to Mars[40]
|
Success
|
19 June 2003
|
4 July 1998
|
|
Nozomi
|
Earth flyby, last of two gravity assists to Mars[40]
|
Success
|
14 December 2003
|
4 July 1998
|
|
Nozomi
|
Mars flyby (inadvertent; planned Mars orbiter)[40]
|
Failure
|
19 May 2004
|
9 May 2003
|
|
Hayabusa
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 25143 Itokawa[41]
|
Success
|
4 March 2005
|
2 March 2004
|
|
Rosetta
|
Earth flyby, first of four gravity assists to 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko[42]
|
Success
|
2 August 2005
|
3 August 2004
|
|
MESSENGER
|
Earth flyby, first gravity assist to Mercury[43]
|
Success
|
15 January 2006
|
27 February 1999
|
|
Stardust
|
Earth flyby and sample return capsule reentry[39]
|
Success
|
24 October 2006
|
3 August 2004
|
|
MESSENGER
|
Venus flyby, second gravity assist to Mercury[43]
|
Success
|
25 February 2007
|
2 March 2004
|
|
Rosetta
|
Mars flyby, second of four gravity assists to 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko[42]
|
Success
|
28 February 2007
|
19 January 2006
|
|
New Horizons
|
Jupiter flyby, gravity assist to Pluto/Charon system
|
Success
|
5 June 2007
|
3 August 2004
|
|
MESSENGER
|
Venus flyby, third gravity assist to Mercury. Also characterized the planet's atmosphere.[43]
|
Success
|
13 November 2007
|
2 March 2004
|
|
Rosetta
|
Earth flyby, third of four gravity assists to 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko[42]
|
Success
|
31 December 2007
|
12 January 2005
|
|
Deep Impact (EPOXI)
|
Earth flyby[44]
|
Success
|
14 January 2008
|
3 August 2004
|
|
MESSENGER
|
Mercury flyby, fourth gravity assist before orbital insertion and primary mission[43]
|
Success
|
6 October 2008
|
3 August 2004
|
|
MESSENGER
|
Mercury flyby, fifth gravity assist before orbital insertion and primary mission[43]
|
Success
|
29 December 2008
|
12 January 2005
|
|
Deep Impact (EPOXI)
|
Earth flyby[44]
|
Success
|
14 January 2009
|
27 February 1999
|
|
Stardust
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 9P/Tempel[39]
|
Success
|
18 February 2009
|
27 September 2007
|
|
Dawn
|
Mars flyby, gravity assist to 4 Vesta[45]
|
Success
|
29 June 2009
|
12 January 2005
|
|
Deep Impact (EPOXI)
|
Earth flyby (distant)[46]
|
Success
|
29 September 2009
|
3 August 2004
|
|
MESSENGER
|
Mercury flyby, sixth and final gravity assist before orbital insertion and primary mission[43]
|
Success
|
13 November 2009
|
2 March 2004
|
|
Rosetta
|
Earth flyby, last of four gravity assists to 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko[42]
|
Success
|
28 December 2009
|
12 January 2005
|
|
Deep Impact (EPOXI)
|
Earth flyby (distant)[46]
|
Success
|
27 June 2010
|
12 January 2005
|
|
Deep Impact (EPOXI)
|
Earth flyby[44]
|
Success
|
6 December 2010
|
20 May 2010
|
|
Akatsuki
|
Venus flyby (inadvertent; was intended to be orbit insertion; later successfully inserted into orbit in 2015)[47]
|
Failure
|
8 December 2010
|
20 May 2010
|
|
IKAROS
|
Venus flyby, probe was a technological demonstrator that launched with Akatsuki[48]
|
Success
|
9 October 2013
|
5 August 2011
|
|
Juno
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to Jupiter[49]
|
Success
|
14 July 2015
|
19 January 2006
|
|
New Horizons
|
First and only Pluto/Charon flyby[Note 1][50]
|
Success
|
3 December 2015
|
3 December 2014
|
|
Hayabusa2
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 162173 Ryugu[51]
|
Success
|
22 September 2017
|
8 September 2016
|
|
OSIRIS-REx
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 101955 Bennu
|
Success
|
3 October 2018
|
12 August 2018
|
|
Parker Solar Probe
|
Venus flyby
|
Success
|
26 November 2018
|
5 May 2018
|
|
Mars Cube One
|
Mars flyby
|
Success
|
10 April 2020
|
20 October 2018
|
|
BepiColombo
|
Earth flyby
|
Success
|
23 July 2020
|
~10 February 2021
|
|
Tianwen 1 deployable camera
|
Mars flyby
|
Success
|
15 October 2020
|
20 October 2018
|
|
BepiColombo
|
Venus flyby
|
Success
|
5 December 2020
|
3 December 2014
|
|
Hayabusa2
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to (98943) 2001 CC21
|
Success
|
27 December 2020
|
10 February 2020
|
|
Solar Orbiter
|
Venus flyby
|
Success
|
9 August 2021
|
10 February 2020
|
|
Solar Orbiter
|
Venus flyby
|
Success
|
10 August 2021
|
20 October 2018
|
|
BepiColombo
|
Venus flyby
|
Success
|
1 October 2021
|
20 October 2018
|
|
BepiColombo
|
Mercury flyby
|
Success
|
27 November 2021
|
10 February 2020
|
|
Solar Orbiter
|
Earth flyby
|
Success
|
23 June 2022
|
20 October 2018
|
|
BepiColombo
|
Mercury flyby
|
Success
|
4 September 2022
|
10 February 2020
|
|
Solar Orbiter
|
Venus flyby
|
Success
|
16 October 2022
|
16 October 2021
|
|
Lucy
|
Earth flyby
|
Success
|
19 June 2023
|
20 October 2018
|
|
BepiColombo
|
Mercury flyby
|
Success
|
24 September 2023
|
8 September 2016
|
|
OSIRIS-REx/ApEx
|
Earth flyby, gravity assist to 99942 Apophis
|
Success
|
May 2026
|
13 October 2023
|
|
Psyche
|
Mars flyby
|
Planned
|