R. R. McIan

RR McIan
RR McIan
Born	1803; Scotland
Died	13 December 1856 (aged 52–53); Hampstead
Nationality	British
Known for	Painting
Notable work	Scottish clan paintings
Movement	Romanticism
Awards	Associate of the RSA

Robert Ronald McIan (1803 – 13 December 1856), also Robert Ranald McIan, was a Scottish actor and painter. He is best known for romanticised depictions of Scottish clansmen, their battles and domestic life.

His wife, Fanny McIan, was a painter and early teacher of art to women.

Acting

McIan was born in Scotland,^[2] in 1803.^[3] He became an actor with the joint company of the Theatre Royals in Bristol and Bath^[3] before making his way to London. In 1838 he played at the Covent Garden Theatre and at Drury Lane in the following year.^[3] He gained a reputation for playing Highlanders on the stage,^[3] at a time when the novels of Sir Walter Scott had revived interest in Highland culture.

It's not clear when he gave up the stage to devote himself to painting. He played the jester in the Eglinton Tournament of 1839^[4] and the 1885 DNB says he retired in that year.^[3] A letter from Charles Dickens mentions seeing McIan perform on 23 June 1841,^[4] not long before McIan's wife started a steady job as a teacher.

Personal life

WP Frith described McIan as "a Highlander and fierce Jacobite",^[4] Henry Vizetelly wrote that he "was generally voted an intolerable bore".^[4]

McIan eloped with and married^[5] Frances (Fanny) Whitaker^[3] (c.1814–1897),^[6] daughter of a Bath cabinet maker.^[5] A friend described them as "The painter and his painter-wife – two who went hand in hand, and heart with heart, together through the world".^[7]

Mrs McIan was a noted painter in her own right, who exhibited at the Royal Academy and other leading galleries. She too favoured historical subjects from the Highlands, such as Highlander defending his Family at the Massacre of Glencoe.^[3] The Highlander in question would have been a MacDonald of Glencoe, also known as Clan McIan.^[3] From 1842 until Robert's death she was the first Superintendent of the Female School of Design, which became the Royal Female School of Art and ultimately part of the Central School of Arts and Crafts.^[7]

They moved to 9 Great Coram Street in 1843 and 36 Charlotte Street in 1849.^[8]

Painting

McIan learnt to paint whilst he was an actor, and submitted his first landscape to the Royal Academy in 1836.^[3] He exhibited in the Suffolk Street Gallery in 1835 and 1837 whilst acting at the newly rebuilt English Opera House.^[3] His 1838 portrait of novelist Anna Maria Hall (Mrs S.C. Hall) was praised by Camilla Toulmin.^[4]

He is perhaps best known for his illustrations in The Clans of The Scottish Highlands, published in 1845 on the centenary of the Jacobite Rising with text by James Logan.^[9] It proved so popular that it was reissued in 1857, after his death.^[3] His depictions of clansmen fanned the romantic revival of interest in Gaeldom that was led by Queen Victoria, to whom the book was dedicated.

McIan's early paintings concentrated on scenes from domestic life in the Highlands, such as illicit whisky stills and women grinding corn. These culminated in the 1848 sequel to the Clans book, entitled Gaelic Gatherings: Or The Highlanders at Home, on the Heath, the River and the Loch.

In later life his works increasingly took on overtly nationalistic subjects, celebrating the exploits of Highland soldiers against the English and overseas. Paintings of the 79th Cameron Highlanders were commissioned by Colonel Lauderdale Maule^[8] to celebrate the end of his ten-year colonelcy of the regiment in December 1852. An Incident in the Revolutionary War of America showed the 71st Fraser Highlanders' heroic defense at the Battle of Stono Ferry^[3] and was exhibited at the Royal Scottish Academy in 1854.^[3]

McIan was elected an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy in 1852^[8] and died at Hampstead, north London, on 13 December 1856.^[3]

Notes and references

^ https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001421/18561219/052/0007 ^{[bare URL]}
^ Spooner, S. (1865), A biographical history of the fine arts, vol. 2, New York: J. W. Routon, p. 1143
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Gray, John Miller (1893). "M'Ian, Robert Ronald" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 35. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Dickens, Charles (1988), House, Madeline (ed.), 1840–1841 Volume 2 of The letters of Charles Dickens, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-811478-9
^ ^a ^b "Woman of Design, A Man of Passion: The Pioneering McIans". Trans-Atlantic Publications. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
^ Morse, Belinda (September 2004). "McIan, Frances Matilda (c.1814–1897)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/67976. Retrieved 1 May 2010. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ ^a ^b Chalmers, F. Graeme (Autumn 1995 – Winter 1996), "Fanny McIan and London's Female School of Design, 1842–57", Woman's Art Journal, 16 (2), Woman's Art Inc: 3–9, doi:10.2307/1358568, JSTOR 1358568
^ ^a ^b ^c Royal Scottish Academy (July 2009), The Royal Scottish Academy, 1826–1916, BiblioBazaar, pp. 240–1, ISBN 978-1-110-74938-6
^ "The Clans of the Scottish Highlands. Title Page – Volume I". The Highland Council. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
^ "Ewen Mac Phee the outlaw". www.ambaile.org.uk. Retrieved 8 October 2007.

External links

Ambaile.org is a Scottish government site with scans of all the images in the Clans and background on the families. See also the Commons link on the right.
Archive.org has a poorly OCR'd version of the text of The Clans of The Scottish Highlands.
Royal Scottish Academy (July 2009), The Royal Scottish Academy, 1826–1916, BiblioBazaar, pp. 240–1, ISBN 978-1-110-74938-6 has a list of significant works by both McIans.