Mizo language of India
Ralte is a Kuki-Chin language of India . Fewer than a thousand Ralte people speak the language.
Geographical distribution
Ralte is spoken in the following locations (Ethnologue
Vocabulary
Below are comparative Swadesh lists of Ralte, Mizo , and Tedim from Otsuka (2016).
No.
Gloss
Ralte
Tedim
Mizo
1.
I
kei˩
kei˩˥
kei˩˥
2.
thou
naŋ˩
naŋ˩˥
naŋ˩˥
3.
he
a˩maʔ˥
a˥maʔ˩
a˥maʔ˩
4.
we
kei˩muʔ˥
kou˥˩
kei˩nī˥˩
5.
you
naŋ˩muʔ˥
nou˥˩
naŋ˩nī˥˩
6.
they
a˩muʔ˥
a˥māu˥˩
an˩nī˥˩
7.
this
hī˩hiʔ˥
hiʔ˥
hei˥˩hi˥
8.
that
tou˩˥hiʔ˩
tuaʔ˥
kʰā˥˩kʰa˥
9.
here
hi˩tou˥˩vaʔ˩
hiaʔ˥
he˥taʔ˩
10.
there
tou˥˩vaʔ˩
huaʔ˥
so˥taʔ˩
11.
who
kū˩˥hā˩˥
kua˥˩
tu˩ŋē˥˩
12.
what
ī˩˥hā˩˥
baŋ˥˩
e˩ŋē˥˩
13.
where
kʰoi˥˩aʔ˩hā˩˥
koi˩˥aʔ˩
kʰoi˥˩aʔ˩ŋē˥˩
14.
when
ī˩˥tik˩lāi˥˩
cik˩ciaŋ˥˩
eŋ˩tik˩lāi˥
15.
how
ī˩tin˥˩hā˩˥
baŋ˥˩cī˩
eŋ˩tin˥ŋē˥˩
16.
not
ou˥˩
lou˥˩
lou˩
17.
all
a˩rēŋ˩in˥˩
a˩vek˥pī˩˥
a˩vāi˩˥
18.
many
tam˩
tam˩˥
tam˩˥
19.
some
a˩kʰen˥˩
pōl˧xat˥
a˩ṭʰen˥
20.
few
tōm˥˩
tōm˧
tlēm˥
21.
other
daŋ˩
daŋ˩˥
daŋ˩˥
22.
one
pa˩kʰat˥
xat˩
pa˩kʰat˩
23.
two
pa˩niʔ˥
niʔ˩
pa˩n̥niʔ˩
24.
three
pa˩tʰum˥˩
tʰum˧
pa˩tʰum˥
25.
four
pa˩lī˥˩
lī˧
pa˩lī˥
26.
five
pa˩ŋā˥˩
ŋā˧
pa˩ŋā˥
27.
big
lian˩˥
lian˥˩
lian˩
28.
long
sāu˩
sāu˩˥
sei˥
29.
wide
zāu˥˩
zai˩˥
zāu˥
30.
thick
saʔ˩
saʔ˩
cʰaʔ˩
31.
heavy
hit˩
ɡik˩
rit˩
32.
small
nēu˩
nēu˩˥
tē˩˥
33.
short
tōi˩
tom˩˥
tōi˩˥
34.
narrow
zīm˥˩
toi˩˥
zīm˥
35.
thin
pan˥˩
pā˩˥
pan˥
36.
woman
mei˩˥sia˩
nu˩mei˩
m̥mei˩cʰia˥˩
37.
man
pa˩sal˩
pa˩sal˩˥
mi˩pā˩
38.
human
mi˩hiŋ˥˩
mi˥hiŋ˧
mi˩ɕiŋ˥
39.
child
nau˥˩paŋ˩
nāu˧paŋ˩˥
nau˥paŋ˩˥
40.
wife
zī˥˩
zī˧
nu˩pui˩˥
41.
husband
pa˩sal˩
pa˩sal˩˥
pa˩sal˩˥
42.
mother
nū˩
nū˩˥
nū˥˩
43.
father
pā˩
pā˩˥
pā˥˩
44.
animal
ham˥˩sā˩
ɡam˧sā˩˥
ram˥sā˥˩
45.
fish
sa˩ŋā˩
ŋa˥sā˩˥
sa˩ŋ̊ŋā˥˩
46.
bird
sa˩vā˩
va˥sā˩˥
sa˩vā˥˩
47.
dog
ui˩
ui˩˥
ui˩˥
48.
louse
hik˩
hik˩
ɕik˩
49.
snake
hūl˥˩
ɡūl˧
rūl˥
50.
worm
caŋ˥˩pāt˩
luŋ˩˥
caŋ˥pāt˩˥
51.
tree
tʰiŋ˩
siŋ˩˥
tʰiŋ˩˥
52.
forest
ham˥˩nuai˩
ɡam˧lak˥
ram˥n̥nuai˩˥
53.
stick
tiaŋ˩
ciaŋ˩˥xut˩
tiaŋ˩˥
54.
fruit
haʔ˥
ɡaʔ˩
raʔ˩
55.
seed
cī˩
xāi˥˩cī˩˥
tʰlāi˩cī˥˩
56.
leaf
naʔ˩
teʔ˩
n̥naʔ˩
57.
root
zuŋ˩
zuŋ˩˥
zuŋ˩˥
58.
bark
tʰiŋ˩hōŋ˥˩
siŋ˩˥hōŋ˧
tʰiŋ˩hōŋ˥
59.
flower
pāk˥˩
pāk˧
paŋ˩pār˥
60.
grass
kiak˩
lou˧pā˩˥, kiak˩˥
l̥lo˥bet˩
61.
rope
kʰāu˥˩
xāu˧
ɕui˩zēn˥
62.
skin
vun˩
vun˩˥
vun˩˥
63.
meat
sā˩
sā˩˥
sā˥˩
64.
blood
tʰī˩
sī˩˥
tʰī˩˥
65.
bone
huʔ˩
ɡuʔ˩
ruʔ˩
66.
fat
sa˩tʰāu˩˥
sa˥tʰāu˥˩
sa˩ɕiak˥˩
67.
egg
tui˥˩
tūi˧
tui˥
68.
horn
kī˩
kī˩˥
kī˥˩
69.
tail
mei˩
mei˩˥
mei˩˥
70.
feather
mul˩
mul˩˥
m̥mul˩˥
71.
hair
sam˩
sam˩˥
sam˩˥
72.
head
lū˥˩
lū˧
lū˥
73.
ear
beŋ˥˩
bil˩˥
beŋ˥
74.
eye
mit˩
mit˩
mit˩
75.
nose
nāk˩˥
nāk˥˩
n̥nār˥
76.
mouth
kam˥˩
kam˧
kā˥
77.
teeth
hā˥˩
hā˧
hā˥
78.
tongue
lei˥˩
lei˧
lei˥
79.
nail
tin˩
cin˩˥
tin˩˥
80.
foot
kēŋ˩pʰaʔ˥
xe˩pēk˩˥
ke˩pʰaʔ˩
81.
leg
kēŋ˩
xē˥˩
kē˩
82.
knee
kʰūp˩
xūk˩˥
kʰūp˥˩
83.
hand
kʰut˩
xut˩
kut˩
84.
wing
tʰā˩˥
xā˥˩
tʰlā˩
85.
belly
dul˩˥
ɡil˧pī˩˥
dul˩
86.
guts
hil˥˩
ɡil˧
rīl˥
87.
neck
ŋōŋ˥˩
ŋōŋ˧
ŋ̊ŋōŋ˥
88.
back
nuŋ˥˩zāŋ˥˩
nuŋ˧zāŋ˧
n̥nuŋ˥zāŋ˥
89.
breast
nōi˩
nōi˩˥
n̥nu˩tē˩˥
90.
heart
luŋ˥˩
luŋ˧
luŋ˥
91.
liver
tʰin˩˥
sin˥˩
tʰin˩
92.
to drink
nē˩
dōn˧
in˥
93.
to eat
cā˩
nē˩˥
ei˥
94.
to bite
pet˩
pet˩
seʔ˩
95.
to suck
cōp˥˩
tōp˩˥
fōp˥˩
96.
to spit
sia˥˩
sia˩˥
cʰāk˥˩
97.
to vomit
luak˩
lua˥˩
luak˥˩
98.
to blow
sēm˥˩
mūt˧
cʰēm˥
99.
to breathe
tʰō˩
nāk˧
tʰō˥˩
100.
to laugh
nī˥˩
nūi˧
nui˥
101.
to see
mū˩˥
mū˥˩
m̥mū˩
102.
to hear
tʰei˩˥
zā˩˥
ɕia˩˥
103.
to know
tʰei˩˥
tʰei˥˩
ɕia˩˥
104.
to think
ŋaiʔ˩tuaʔ˩
ŋaiʔ˩sun˥˩
ŋaiʔ˩tuaʔ˩
105.
to smell
nam˩˥
nam˥˩
n̥nīm˩
106.
to fear
lāu˩
lāu˩˥
l̥lāu˩˥
107.
to sleep
ip˩
iʔ˩mū˧
mū˥
108.
to live
hiŋ˥˩
hiŋ˧
ɕiŋ˥
109.
to die
tʰī˥˩
sī˧
tʰī˥
110.
to kill
tʰat˩
tʰat˩
tʰat˩
111.
to fight
thawh˥˩
lāi˩˥, ki˩sual˩˥
sual˥
112.
to hunt
ham˥˩ suak˥˩
ɡam˧ vāk˩˥
ram˥ vāk˥˩, ram˥ cʰuak˥˩
113.
to hit
vua˩˥
vua˥˩
vua˩
114.
to cut
tan˩
tan˩˥
tan˩˥
115.
to split
tʰēr˩
bāl˩˥kēk˩˥
tʰlēr˩˥
116.
to stab
sun˩˥
sun˥˩
cʰun˩
117.
to scratch
hiat˩
xuat˩˥
hiat˥˩
118.
to dig
lāi˩˥
tou˩˥
lāi˩, cou˩˥
119.
to swim
tui˩˥ leuʔ˩
tūi˩˥ pēk˧
tui˩˥ l̥leuʔ˩
120.
to fly
lēŋ˥˩
lēŋ˧
tʰlōk˥˩
121.
to walk
lēŋ˥˩
lam˩˥ siau˥˩
lēŋ˥
122.
to come
hoŋ˩ kel˥˩
oŋ˩˥ pai˧
lo˩ kal˥
123.
to lie
lum˩˥
lum˥˩
lum˩
124.
to sit
kʰuŋ˥˩
tū˧
ṭhū˥
125.
to stand
diŋ˥˩
diŋ˧
diŋ˥
126.
to turn
vik˩
pei˩˥
vir˩˥
127.
to fall
tā˩˥
kia˥˩
tlā˩
128.
to give
pia˩
pia˩˥
pē˩
129.
to have
nei˩˥
nei˥˩
nei˩
130.
to squeeze
hekˀ˩
sūk˧
herˀ˩
131.
to rub
nōt˩
nōt˩˥
nōt˥˩
132.
to wash
sil˩˥
sil˩˥
sil˩
133.
to wipe
sōp˩
sōp˩˥
ɕū˩
134.
to pull
bot˩
kāi˥˩
pot˩
135.
to push
sōn˩
sōn˩˥
nam˩˥
136.
to throw
dēŋ˥˩
dēŋ˧
paiʔ˩
137.
to tie
kanʔ˩
hēn˧
suiʔ˩
138.
to sew
kʰui˥˩
xū˧
ṭʰui˥
139.
to count
siar˥˩
sim˧
cʰiar˥
140.
to say
soi˩
ɡēn˩˥
soi˩˥
141.
to sing
sā˩˥
sā˥˩
zāi˥
142.
to play practical jokes
ciam˩˥niʔ˩dūn˩˥
ki˩ciam˥˩nui˩˥
in˩fiam˥
143.
to float
lāŋ˥˩
lām˧
lāŋ˥
144.
to flow
luaŋ˥˩
luaŋ˧
luaŋ˥
145.
to freeze
kʰaŋ˩
xal˥˩
kʰaŋ˥˩
146.
to swell
vūŋ˥˩
bōk˧
vūŋ˥
147.
sun
nī˥˩
nī˧
nī˥
148.
moon
tʰā˩˥
xā˥˩
tʰlā˩
149.
star
āk˥˩sī˩˥
āk˧sī˥˩
ar˥sī˩
150.
water
tui˩
tūi˩˥
tui˩˥
151.
rain
huaʔ˩
ɡuaʔ˩
ruaʔ˩
152.
river
lui˩˥
lūi˥˩
lui˩
153.
lake
dīl˩
tūi˩˥lī˧
dīl˩˥
154.
sea
tui˩fin˩riat˩
tūi˩˥pī˥
tui˩fin˥˩riat˥˩
155.
salt
cī˩˥
cī˥˩
cī˩
156.
stone
suaŋ˩
suaŋ˩˥
luŋ˩˥
157.
sand
tiau˥˩
seʔ˩nēl˩˥
tiau˥
158.
dust
vāi˥˩vut˩
lei˩˥vui˧
vai˥vut˩
159.
earth
lei˩
lei˩˥
lei˩˥
160.
cloud
sūm˩
mei˧
cʰūm˩˥
161.
fog
ro˩˥mei˩
xo˥mui˧
ro˩mei˩˥
162.
sky
vān˩˥
vān˥˩
vān˩
163.
wind
tʰī˥˩
huiʔ˩
tʰlī˥
164.
snow
vūk˥˩
vūk˧
vūr˥
165.
ice
vūk˩kʰal˩
tūi˩˥xal˥˩
vūr˥kʰal˥˩
166.
smoke
mei˩kʰū˩
mei˩˥xū˩˥
mei˩kʰū˥˩
167.
fire
mei˩
mei˩˥
mei˩˥
168.
ash
vāp˩
vut˩
vāp˩˥
169.
to burn
kāŋ˩˥
kāŋ˥˩
kāŋ˩
170.
road
lam˩pui˩
lam˩˥
koŋ˥
171.
mountain
tāŋ˥˩
mual˧
tlāŋ˥
172.
red
san˥˩
san˧
sen˥
173.
green
hiŋ˥˩
eŋ˧
ɕiŋ˥
174.
yellow
eŋ˥˩
nāi˧pāk˧
eŋ˥
175.
white
vāk˥˩
kāŋ˧
vār˥
176.
black
dum˥˩
vom˧
dum˥
177.
night
zān˩˥
zān˥˩
zān˩
178.
day
nī˥˩
nī˧
nī˥
179.
year
kum˩˥
kum˥˩
kum˩
180.
warm
lum˥˩
lum˧
lum˥
181.
cold
dāi˩˥
vot˩
vōt˥˩
182.
full
dim˩
dim˩˥
kʰat˩
183.
new
tʰar˥˩
tʰak˥
tʰar˥
184.
old
lui˥˩
lui˧
hlui˥
185.
good
pʰā˩˥
hoiʔ˩
ṭʰā˩
186.
bad
sual˩
sia˩˥
sual˩˥
187.
rotten
muat˩
muat˩˥
ṭoiʔ˩
188.
dirty
bolˀ˩loʔ˩
nīn˥˩
bolˀ˩l̥loʔ˩
189.
straight
ŋīl˥˩
taŋ˧
ŋīl˥
190.
round
bial˥˩
bēm˩˥
bial˥
191.
sharp
hiam˥˩
hiam˧
ɕiam˥
192.
dull
bil˩
mōl˩˥
bil˩˥
193.
smooth
nāl˩
nāl˩˥
nāl˩˥
194.
wet
nom˥˩
kōt˩˥
huʔ˩
195.
dry
kou˥˩
keu˧
rou˥
196.
correct
dik˩
mān˧, dik˩
dik˩
197.
near
nāi˩
nāi˩˥
n̥nāi˩˥
198.
far
lam˩lā˩
ɡam˧lā˩˥
l̥lā˥
199.
right
tak˩lam˩
tak˩lam˩˥
a˩diŋ˩˥lam˩˥
200.
left
a˩vei˩lam˩
vei˩˥lam˩˥
a˩vei˩˥lam˩˥
201.
at
aʔ˩
aʔ˩
aʔ˩
202.
in
aʔ˩
aʔ˩
aʔ˩
203.
with
tuah˩
toʔ˩
nēn˩
204.
and
leʔ˩
leʔ˩
leʔ˩
205.
if
cʰun˥˩
leʔ˩
cʰuan˥
206.
because
a˩vāŋ˩in˥˩
a˥hiʔ˩ciaŋ˩˥in˧
a˥vāŋ˩in˥
207.
name
miŋ˥˩
min˧
m̥miŋ˥
References
