The Second Church, Boston congregation was founded in 1649, as the second Congregational church in Boston. Later the congregation adopted a Unitarian theology. After moving to several meeting houses, the congregation constructed the Beacon Street building in 1914. In 1970 the Second Church congregation merged with First Church in Boston, and the Ruggles Baptist Church, an American Baptist Churches USA congregation, acquired the Beacon Street building. The church building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 24, 2010.
