The Language Bar enables text services to add UI elements to the toolbar and enables these elements when an application has focus. From the Language Bar, users can select the input language, and control keyboard input, handwriting recognition and speech recognition.
The language bar also provides a direct means to switch between installed languages, even when a non-TSF-enabled application has focus.
Language bar tools – From left: Language selection menu, spell checking, keyboard layout selection menu, speech recognition, tools, handwriting recognition and drawing pad
TSF-enabled applications can receive text input from any text service that supports TSF without having to be aware of any details of the text source.[2] Services built using TSF are globally available to any application.
TSF enables a text service to store metadata with a document, a piece of text, or an object within the document. For example, a speech input text service can store sound information associated with a block of text.[3]
TSF enables text services to provide accurate and complete text conversion, with continuous access to the document buffer. Text services using TSF can avoid separating their functionality into modes for input and modes for editing. This input architecture enables the buffered and accumulating text stream to change dynamically, thereby enabling more efficient keyboard input and text editing.[3]
ctfmon (ctfmon.exe) is a process used to activate the Alternative User Input Text Input Processor (TIP) and also the Microsoft Language Bar. Ctfmon is also a component of Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 which enables advanced user input services in applications (pen and ink, speech etc.).[4]ctfmon.exe in Windows XP has superseded internat.exe (means international) in Windows 95, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 98 and Windows 2000.
CTF means Common Text Framework (codename Cicero) according to the leaked Windows XP source code[5]) and US 7490296 patent text.
In August 2019, Google Project Zero discovered and publicly exposed a critical security vulnerability in CTF that dated back to its first release in Windows XP. The vulnerability, known as CVE-2019-1162, allows privilege escalation and security boundary traversal. Microsoft patched this vulnerability in August 2019.[6][7][8]