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Tobis Film

Tobis Film
Company typeFilm production and distribution
IndustryFilm
FoundedLate 1920s
Defunct1942 (independent existence)
FateMerged into a state-controlled industry
Headquarters
Germany Edit this on Wikidata
ParentUFA GmbH Edit this on Wikidata
Share of the Tobis Tonbild-Syndikat AG, issued August 1931

Tobis Film was a German film production and film distribution company. Founded in the late 1920s as a merger of several companies involved in the switch from silent to sound films, the organisation emerged as a leading German sound studio.[1] Tobis used the Tri-Ergon sound-on-film system under the Tobis-Klang trade name. The UFA production company had separate rights to the Tobis system, which it used under the trade name of Ufa-Klang.[2][3] Some Tobis films were released in Germany by the subsidiary Europa Film.

Its principal production studios were the Johannisthal Studios in Berlin.

During the Nazi era, Tobis was one of the four major film companies along with Terra Film, Bavaria Film and UFA. In 1942 all these companies were merged into a single state-controlled industry bringing an end to Tobis' independent existence, though films continued to be released under the Tobis banner.

International operations

From 1933 until 1938, Tobis controlled the dominant Austrian producer Sascha-Film which was known as Tobis-Sascha. From 1932, it also owned a majority share of one of the main Portuguese producers known as Tobis Portuguesa, a name which the company kept even after the German participation was terminated at the end of world War II.

Tobis established a Paris subsidiary and produced French-language film at the Epinay Studios during the 1930s. Among the directors under contract to the company was René Clair who produced the films Under the Roofs of Paris and Le Million during the early sound era.[4]

Legacy

One of the studio's employees Horst Wendlandt later (1971) founded a new distribution company which is also known as Tobis Entertainment.[5] In 2016, the present-day Tobis became an investor in Globalgate Entertainment.

Selected filmography

Main article: List of Tobis Film films

References

  1. ^ Kreimeier p.179
  2. ^ Gomery 1976, p. 54.
  3. ^ Ford 2011, p. 261.
  4. ^ "Auszüge der AJC-Liste der Firmen, die Zwangsarbeiter beschäftigt haben sollen (Dokumentation)". Der Tagesspiegel Online (in German). Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  5. ^ Bergfelder p.439

Bibliography

  • Bergfelder, Tim. International Adventures: German Popular Cinema and European Co-Productions in the 1960s. Berhahn Books, 2005.
  • Ford, Fiona (2011). The film music of Edmund Meisel (1894–1930) (PDF) (PhD thesis). University of Nottingham. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  • Gomery, Douglas (1976). "Tri-Ergon, Tobis-Klangfilm, and the Coming of Sound". Cinema Journal. 16 (1). University of Texas Press, on behalf of the Society for Cinema & Media Studies. JSTOR 1225449. (Restricted view, subscription needed)
  • Kreimeier, Klaus. The Ufa Story: A History of Germany's Greatest Film Company, 1918-1945. University of California Press, 1999.
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