Administrative subdivision of the Habsburg monarchy
"New Galicia" redirects here. For the historical region in Mexico, see
Nueva Galicia .
New Galicia or West Galicia (Polish : Nowa Galicja or Galicja Zachodnia ; German : Neugalizien or Westgalizien ) was an administrative region of the Habsburg monarchy , constituted from the territory annexed in the course of the Third Partition of Poland in 1795.
The Austrian Empire lost West Galicia to the Duchy of Warsaw in 1809, following its defeat by Napoleon [ 1]
History
After the failed Kościuszko Uprising of 1794, Emperor Francis II of Habsburg agreed with Empress Catherine II of Russia to again divide and thereby completely abolish the remaining Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , a decision which Prussia joined on 24 October 1795. The Habsburg Monarchy, which had not participated in the Second Partition , now received a share that comprised the lands north of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria gained in the First Partition of 1772. The Habsburg Monarchy then occupied the entirety of Lesser Poland , stretching along the upper Vistula river to the outskirts of Praga and Warsaw , the tributaries of the Bug and the Pilica forming the northern border with New East Prussia .
In 1803, it was merged with the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria , but retained some autonomy. It remained a territory of the Austrian Empire even when, in 1807, Napoleon I of France created the Duchy of Warsaw from territories in Greater Poland which Prussia had annexed in the Second and Third Partition and now was forced to renounce according to the Treaty of Tilsit . Austria lost New Galicia in 1809 War of the Fifth Coalition , after a corps under Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph of Austria-Este on 15 April 1809 started the Polish–Austrian War by invading the Duchy of Warsaw. Despite the archduke's plans to move in as a national liberator, he was challenged by the forces of Prince Józef Poniatowski at the Battle of Raszyn . Austria was finally defeated at the Battle of Wagram on 6 July, whereafter New Galicia was attached to the Duchy of Warsaw by the Treaty of Schönbrunn .
With the Final Act of the Vienna Congress in 1815, the territory became part of Congress Poland , ruled in personal union by Emperor Alexander I of Russia , while Kraków nominally retained its independence as the Free City of Kraków .
Administration
From 1797, the seat of the local government (Gubernium ) was located at Kraków . The province was divided into twelve districts:
Civil code
A civil code was introduced in West Galicia, prior to the introduction of the Austrian Civil Code in 1811. It contained little in the way of solving feudal-class problems and was based on the laws of nature.
See also
References
^ The Times History of Europe . London: Times Books. 2001. pp. 151, 159. ISBN 0007131615
Area
Zamość (Zamosch)
Lublin New Galicia Kraków
Nowy Sącz (Neu Sandez)
Lviv (Lemberg/Lwów)
Ternopil (Tarnopol)
Chernivtsi (Czernowitz)
before 1769
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Moldavia
1769–1772
to Austria , ca. 1769
1772–1775
First Partition of Poland , 1772
First Partition of Poland , 1772
1775–1789
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Auschwitz and Zator ; Habsburg Empire , 1772–1804; of the Austrian Empire , 1804–1867; of Cisleithania , Austria-Hungary , 1867–1918
Bukovina Military District, 1775–1789
1789–1795
Bukovina District, 1789–1849
1795–1803
Third Partition of Poland , 1795 New Galicia (or West Galicia
1803–1809
New Galicia merged into Galicia, 1803
1809–1815
Duchy of Warsaw , 1809–1815
to Russia , 1809–1815
1815–1846
"Congress" Kingdom of Poland , 1815–1918
Free City of Cracow , 1815–1846
1846–1849
Grand Duchy of Kraków , 1846–1918
1849–1918
Duchy of Bukovina , 1849–1918
1918–1919
Poland WUPR , Lemko , Komancza , 1918–1919
Romania , 1918
after 1919
Galicia
Other Austrian territories
