White Slaves (film)

White Slaves
White Slaves
	Poster for the film under the title Panzerkreuzer Sebastopol: "Weisse Sklaven"
Directed by	Karl Anton
Written by	Charlie Roellinghoff (factual report); Karl Anton (screenplay); Arthur Pohl (screenplay); Felix von Eckardt (screenplay)
Produced by	Frank Clifford
Starring	See below
Cinematography	Herbert Körner
Edited by	Ludolf Grisebach
Music by	Peter Kreuder; Friedrich Schröder
Release date	1937;
Running time	111 minutes (Germany)
Country	Germany
Language	German

White Slaves (German: Weisse Sklaven) is a 1937 German film directed by Karl Anton. It is also known by the longer title Panzerkreuzer Sebastopol: "Weisse Sklaven" (Battleship Sevastopol: "White Slaves") and was later re-released as Rote Bestien ("Red Beasts").

An anti-Soviet propaganda film from the Nazi era, set during the Russian Revolution, the film was designed as a response to Eisenstein's Battleship Potemkin.

Plot summary

In St. Petersburg in 1917 revolution is brewing, but in more far-flung parts of Russia life is apparently carrying on as usual. At Sevastopol the officers on board a battleship are looking forward to its return to port when they will be allowed to fraternise with local girls. Kostja, one of the officers, is particularly excited. He is in love with Marija, the daughter of Sevastopol's Governor.

The deck of the ship is being prepared to become a dance-floor for a party. However, revolutionaries led by the Governor of Sevastopol's disloyal valet, Boris, plan to take over the vessel. They have infiltrated the ship's crew and are waiting for the upcoming party. When the unsuspecting guests arrive for the dance, the rebel crew surround and murder many of them with the now-unarmed officers. The mutineers also kill the loyal crew members. Kostja falls overboard after a struggle with a mutineer. The mutineers then turn the ship's guns on the town. The authorities are forced to surrender to the revolutionaries, who then indulge in an orgy of rape, murder and looting.

Marija and her parents have escaped from the battleship with the help of Kostja's loyal batman, Iwan. Her mother dies from wounds, but Marija and her father hide in a dockside tavern-cum-brothel run by Iwan's girlfriend Sinaida. The former Governor is a confused and broken man, unable to accept what has happened. Meanwhile, Boris is looking for Marija, for whom he has long had a hitherto hopeless desire. Now he wants her for himself. He tracks her down at the tavern. He reveals to her that he is the leader of the revolutionaries, and tells her of his desire for her, but says he only wants her if she agrees of her own free will.

After he leaves Marija gets a message from Kostja, who has survived. He is organising a counter-revolution. Boris lures Kostja into a trap and captures the leading counter-revolutionaries. However, Kostja later escapes. He and a group of supporters retake the battleship and launch a raid on the fortress in which the revolutionaries are holding the prisoners. Believing Kostja is still in captivity, Marija visits Boris to plead with him for Kostja's life. Drunk, Boris attempts to rape her, but Marija's father suddenly enters, kills Boris, and then collapses dead. In a battle between the revolutionaries and their opponents, the prisoners are freed and taken to the battleship. Before leaving port, they blow up the fortress, killing most of the revolutionaries. Marija and Kostja look back on the town, realising they must leave their country, but have the world before them.

Production

The film was designed as an anti-Communist response to the famous Soviet film Battleship Potemkin (1925) by Sergei Eisenstein. It was initially given the working title Battleship Sevastopol. Das große Personenlexikon des Films [de] says in its biography of the director, Karl Anton, that he "served up to the brownshirt rulers a clumsy anti-communist Nazi replica of the Soviet Russian-Revolution film Battleship Potemkin".^[1] The story was supposedly based on a factual report written by Charlie Roellinghoff. The film passed the censor on 16 December 1936, and was premiered on 5 January 1937.

The exterior filming took place in Yugoslavia and on the armored cruiser Dubrovnik. The set-designer was Erich Zander. Alfred Stoeger Anton was assistant director.

Distribution

White Slaves was advertised as a "great documentary film from the Russia of the Kerensky revolution". It was very successful at the box office, and was shown up to August 1939 continuously in German cinemas. It was only withdrawn for political reasons as a result of the Nazi-Soviet Pact.^[2] After the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 White Slaves was once more shown in German theatres, this time under a new title, Red Beasts.^[3]

In the U.S., the film was released six months after it was first shown in Germany, under the title White Slaves.

Cast

Theodor Loos as The Governor
Gabriele Hoffmann as Anastasia - his wife
Camilla Horn as Marija - his daughter
Karl John as Graf Kostja Wolfgoff
Fritz Kampers as Iwan - his batman
Werner Hinz as Boris - Valet to the Governor and leading revolutionary
Herbert Spalke as Kurloff
Alexander Engel as Turbin
Willi Schur as Nikitin
Agnes Straub as Sinaida - landlady of a dockside tavern
Werner Pledath as Panin
Hans Stiebner as The Commissar
Hans Kettler as Refugee
Albert Florath as Doctor
Wilhelm P. Krüger as Drunkard
Karl Meixner as Executioner
Arthur Reinhardt as Radio Operator
Emil Ludwig as First Officer
Herbert Ebel as Young Officer
Rio Nobile as Young Officer
Rudolf Vones as Young Officer
Anatol Losseff as Young Officer
Walter Kuhle as Young Officer
Wsevolod Kojine as Young Officer
Grete Hartmann as Young Maiden
Erika von Schaper as Young Maiden
Gronau as Young Maiden
Stadte as Young Maiden
Nowak as Young Maiden
Trude Hess as Young Maiden
Edith Meinhard as Pianist
Arthur Reppert as The Armenian
Tatjana Sais as Singer
Eberhard Leithoff as A thin man
Erich Walter as A Tsarist general

Soundtrack

Camilla Horn - "Wenn die Sonne hinter den Dächern versinkt" (Music by Peter Kreuder, lyrics by Günther Schwenn)
Camilla Horn - "Was du mir erzählt hast von Liebe und Treu'" (Music by Peter Kreuder, lyrics by Hans Fritz Beckmann)

References

^ Kay Weniger: Das große Personenlexikon des Films, Band 1, S. 128, Berlin: Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, 2001: „diente sich den braunen Machthabern mit einer plump antikommunistischen NS-Replik … auf den sowjetrussischen Revolutionsfilm „Panzerkreuzer Potemkin“ an“.
^ Vgl. dazu Boguslaw Drewniak: Der deutsche Film 1938-1945. Ein Gesamtüberblick. Düsseldorf 1987, p.346.
^ Drewniak: Der deutsche Film 1938-1945. p.784.