Wisconsin Walloon

Wisconsin Walloon
Wisconsin Walloon
Native to	Wisconsin, United States
Region	Door Peninsula
Native speakers	<50 (2021)
Language family	Indo-European Italic Latino-Faliscan Latin Romance Italo-Western Western Romance Gallo-Iberian? Gallo-Romance Gallo-Rhaetian? Arpitan–Oïl Oïl Walloon Central Wisconsin Walloon; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Early forms	Old Latin Vulgar Latin Proto-Romance Old Gallo-Romance Old French ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	None

Wisconsin Walloon is a dialect of the Walloon language brought to Wisconsin by immigrants from Wallonia, the largely French-speaking region of Belgium. It is spoken in the Door Peninsula in Wisconsin, United States.^[1]

The speakers of Wisconsin Walloon are descendants of the Belgian immigrants that came from the wave of immigration lasting from 1853–1857 that was recorded to have brought around 2,000 Belgians to Wisconsin.^[3] It is sometimes referred to by its speakers in English as "Belgian".^[4] Walloons in Wisconsin and descendants of native Walloon speakers have since switched to English, and as of 2021, it has fewer than 50 speakers.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Biers & Osterhaus 2021, p. 1.
^ ^a ^b Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Glottolog 4.8 - Oil". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2023-11-11. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
^ Tinkler, Jacqueline. "THE WALLOON IMMIGRANTS OF NORTHEAST WISCONSIN: AN EXAMINATION OF ETHNIC RETENTION" (PDF). University of Texas Arlington Libraries Research Commons. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
^ Biers & Osterhaus 2021, p. 2.

Bibliography

Biers, Kelly; Osterhaus, Ellen (2021). "Notes from the Field: Wisconsin Walloon Documentation and Orthography" (PDF). Language Documentation and Conservation. 15: 1–29.

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[FOOTNOTEBiersOsterhaus20211-1] Biers & Osterhaus 2021, p. 1.

[glottoOil-2] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Glottolog 4.8 - Oil". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2023-11-11. Retrieved 2023-11-11.

[UT_Arlington-3] Tinkler, Jacqueline. "THE WALLOON IMMIGRANTS OF NORTHEAST WISCONSIN: AN EXAMINATION OF ETHNIC RETENTION" (PDF). University of Texas Arlington Libraries Research Commons. Retrieved 28 May 2022.

[FOOTNOTEBiersOsterhaus20212-4] Biers & Osterhaus 2021, p. 2.

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