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Rhinella

Rhinella

Taxonomía
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Clase: Amphibia
Orden: Anura
Familia: Bufonidae
Género: Rhinella
Fitzinger, 1826
Especie tipo
Bufo (Oxyrhynchus) proboscideus
Spix, 1824
Especies

Véase texto.

Sinonimia

Rhamphophryne Trueb, 1971
Chaunus Wagler, 1828
Oxyrhynchus Spix, 1824
Otilophis Cuvier, 1829
Phryniscus Wiegmann, 1834
Osilophus Tschudi, 1838
Otolophus Fitzinger, 1843
Trachycara Tschudi, 1845
Aruncus Philippi, 1902
Stenodactylus Philippi, 1902
Atelophryniscus McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989

[editar datos en Wikidata]

Rhinella es un género de anfibios de la familia Bufonidae nativo del sur de Norteamérica, América Central y América del Sur. Originalmente, todas las especies de Rhinella estaban incluidas en el género Bufo, que posteriormente se desdobló en Rhinella y Rhamphophryne.

Chaparro, Pramuk y Gluesenkamp (2007) consideran que ambos géneros son sinónimos de Rhinella.[1]​

A pesar de que otros autores, como Pauly, Hillis y Cannatella (2004) continúan considerando Rhinella como subgénero de Bufo, la amplia revisión taxonómica de anfibios realizada en 2006 por el equipo de Darrel R. Frost, del Museo Americano de Historia Natural,[2]​ ha establecido que Rhinella sea un género independiente.

Especies

Se reconocen las siguientes 96 especies:[3]​

Rhinella icterica
Rhinella manu
Amplexo de Rhinella margaritifera.

Referencias

  1. ↑ Chaparro, J.C., Jennifer B. Pramuk y Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new Species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
  2. ↑ Frost, D. (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1-371.
  3. ↑ Frost, D.R. «Rhinella». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2. (en inglés). Nueva York, EEUU: Museo Americano de Historia Natural. Consultado el 22 de abril de 2016. 
  4. ↑ Menéndez-Guerrero, Pablo A; Lima dos Santos, Sueny P; Salazar-Nicholls, María-José; Green, David M; Ron, Santiago R (20 de febrero de 2024). «Cryptic diversity in toads of the Rhinella marina species group (Anura, Bufonidae) with a subjectively beautiful new species from Western Ecuador». Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (en inglés). ISSN 0024-4082. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad197. Consultado el 6 de marzo de 2024. 
  5. ↑ Roberto, I. J., L. Brito, and M. T. C. Thomé. 2014. A new species of Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from northeastern Peru. South American Journal of Herpetology 9: 190–199.
  6. ↑ a b Vaz-Silva, W., N. M. Maciel, R. P. Bastos & J. P. Pombal, Jr. 2015. Revealing two new species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura, Bufonidae): An enigmatic taxonomic group of Neotropical toads. Herpetologica 71: 212–222.
  7. ↑ Köhler,, Jörn; Vences, Miguel; Padial, José M.; Plewnia, Amadeus; Lötter, Stefan (2023). «Misjudged for Long: A New toad of the Rhinella veraguensis species group (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Yungas Forests of Bolivia». SALAMANDRA 59 (4): 307-326. 
  8. ↑ Caicedo-Martínez, Luis Santiago; Henao-Osorio, Jose J.; Arias-Monsalve, Héctor Fabio; Rojas-Morales, Julián Andrés; Ossa-López, Paula A.; Rivera-Páez, Fredy A.; Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E. (25 de marzo de 2024). «A new species of terrestrial toad of the Rhinella festae group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the highlands of the Central Cordillera of the Andes of Colombia». ZooKeys 1196: 149-175. ISSN 1313-2970. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1196.114861. Consultado el 27 de marzo de 2024. 
  9. ↑ Pérez-Ben, Celeste M.; Gómez, Raúl O.; Báez, Ana M. (4 de abril de 2019). «A new Pliocene true toad (Anura: Bufonidae): first record of an extinct species from South America». Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (en inglés): e1576183. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1576183. 
  10. ↑ Grant, T., and W. Bolívar-García. 2014. A new species of semiarboreal toad with a salamander-like ear (Anura: Bufonidae: Rhinella). Herpetologica 70: 198–210.
  11. ↑ áVila, Robson Waldemar; Morais, Drausio Honorio; Perez, Renata; Pansonato, André; De Carvalho, Vinicius Tadeu; Rojas, Rommel R.; Gordo, Marcelo; Farias, Izeni Pires (28 de octubre de 2020). «A new species of the Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti 1768) species group (Anura, Bufonidae) from southern Brazilian Amazonia». Zootaxa 4868 (3). ISSN 1175-5334. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4868.3.3. Consultado el 30 de noviembre de 2023. 
  12. ↑ Moravec J., Lehr E., Cusi J.C., Córdova J.H. & Gvoždík V. (2014). «A new species of the Rhinella margaritifera species group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the montane forest of the Selva Central, Peru.». ZooKeys 371: 35-56. 
  • Pauly, G. B., D. M. Hillis y D. C, Cannatella. (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics y biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58: 2517-2535.

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